Thesis (Ph.D.) University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1928. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 163-167).

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Block 71, the location of this design thesis, is within the Comox Valley, British Columbia, Canada. Situated on Vancouver Island and four kilometers North of the City of Courtenay. The site is 925 acres of cut-block, used for lumber, and owned by Raven Forest Products. Raven Forest Products clear-cut the site as recently as the late 1970's. Second growth has been allowed to persist on the site. In 1994, a development permit for a proposed village was submitted to the Regional District of Comox-Strathcona and is still pending. This proposed village was named 'View Ridge' and was intended to create higher densities and preserve more open space than convention subdivisions. The relevant proposed design for this property, View Ridge Revisited, endeavours to meet and surpass the intentions of the its predecessor. The View Ridge Revisited proposal allows for a minimum of eight hundred dwelling units and a maximum of one thousand and one hundred. Sustainability is the ultimate goal for View Ridge Revisited. The three parts of this goal are economic sustainability, social sustainability and ecological sustainability. As a template for the structure of the village, Transit-Oriented Developments and the principles of New Urbanism were employed. Economically, the proposed design should support a community of approximately two thousand two hundred persons. Seven hundred of these should be employed within the community itself. Appropriate retail, office and service-office space has been provided for this purpose. This assumes at least one job per household. At least seventy-five percent of all the housing units in the village are within one thousand-three hundred feet walking distance from the downtown commercial core, or a five minute walk. These two thousand and two hundred people will live in medium density (12 du/acre) and low-density (8 du/acre) areas. The latter housing type includes ancillary suites above lane-access-only garages. The higher density housing types should be at least three stories, with possible basement suites. All housing should meet some type of precedent typology. The most likely typology sources come from older parts of Courtenay and Comox. Adequate recreation space is provided for the residents. Approximately twenty acres are located adjacent to the Recreation Centre and the Schools. The schools should be adequate for the given population of the community. Additional green space is included throughout the site, in the form of neighbourhood parks. Ten percent of each block is designated to park space. These parks will also function as storm water channels and filtration areas. From an ecological perspective, the design proposal attempts to integrate the functioning, natural environment with the cultural processes of its human co-inhabitants. In general, the village is centred upon a sixty to eighty meter riparian corridor, a wetland area and a community forest. All of these features should maintain their ecological functions, as well as provide vital components to both the image of the community and its healthy existence. The riparian corridor is a diverted stream from Seal Bay Park. It should be engineered to follow its pre-logging path down into the Little River watershed Storm water is drained from the village into this stream, after being naturally treated within the previously mentioned wetland area. All water from the site is treated in this manner. Sewage is treated at a three acre solar aquatic treatment facility next to the commercial core. The community forest will allow a habitat connection to the riparian corridor as well as provide an educational component to the inhabitants. It is hoped that sustainable logging practices will become a part of this forest's character. The overall goal of sustainable community design is met at View Ridge Revisited by satisfying the economic, social and ecological requirements. The transit-oriented design of this village provides the template upon which this becomes possible. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA), School of / Graduate

The Valle de Catacamas forms a major basin along the central portion of the Guayape fault, the most prominent tectonic element of the Chortís block. The Guayape fault extends 290 km southwest from the Caribbean coast to the region of El Paraíso, Honduras, and may continue to the Pacific coast along a related prominent topographic feature, the Choluteca linear. Basins presently forming along the Guayape fault indicate that the fault is currently experiencing right-slip. The active features of the Valle de Catacamas displace older folds and reverse faults which apparently formed during an earlier period of sinistral shear. Thus, the Guayape fault has undergone at least two phases of movement, post-Cenomanian left-slip followed by the present right-slip. The geology of the valley suggests multiple stages of evolution. These include at least one period of thrust and reverse faulting, possibly associated with sinistral shear along the Guayape fault, and a recent episode of normal faulting associated with dextral shear on the Guayape fault. Thrusting of basement rocks over Jurassic strata on the south side of the valley was the earliest deformation to affect Mesozoic or Cenozoic rocks. The event can only be dated as post-Jurassic in age. The Cretaceous rocks of the Sierra de Agalta on the north side of the Valle de Catacamas are much more strongly deformed than similar rocks in central Honduras. In this range, the Aptian-Albian Atima Limestone commonly has a pervasive pressure solution cleavage which has not been reported from other locations on the Chortís block. The cleavage is apparently axial planar to the folds. The age of this deformation is constrained only as post-Cenomanian. SIR data indicate that these folds are deflected in sinistral shear near the Guayape fault. In addition, a major structural contact has a large left-lateral separation. The folds in the Sierra de Agalta are cut by the range-bounding normal fault of the Sierra de Agalta. Younger rocks are placed on older rocks by this normal fault, and fault slip data from small fault planes in the footwall block indicate normal faulting. The N 65° E strike of this normal fault, the N 35° E strike of the Guayape fault, and stress orientations inferred from fault slip data indicate that the present movement on the Guayape fault is right-slip. Fault slip data from the Guayape fault zone is heterogeneous as would be expected if two stage slip has occurred. / text

Late Iron Age and Early Roman Britain has often been homogenised by models that focus on the resistance/assimilation dichotomy during the period of transition. The main objective of this thesis is to examine the rural settlements of this period through the lens of Cultural Theory in order to tease out the more nuanced and diverse human landscape that the material suggests. This approach begins to develop new ways of thinking about the variability observed in rural settlement from the end of the Middle Iron Age (MIA) to the beginning of the 2nd century AD. The selected study area is the Upper and Middle Thames Valley. The thesis uses the grid/group designations of Mary Douglas' Cultural Theory as a tool to produce a more multifaceted picture of the period, exploring the assemblages of these rural settlements to understand the nature of the socio-political structures of the region, beyond the anonymity of tribal affiliation and the faceless economical dichotomy of high and low status. The structure of the thesis is as follows: Chapter 2 summarises the state of play in the study of Late Iron Age and Early Roman Britain within the study area. The strengths and weakness of Cultural Theory, how it has been used in the past, and what role it has played in this research will be introduced in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 presents the dataset and the patterns observed, as well as why and how the types of artefacts examined are integral to the formation of the worldview of people. Chapter 5 offers interpretation of the data through the lens of the Cultural Theory model whilst Chapters 6, 7, and 8 place six case studies from the Upper and Middle Thames Valley under inspection and show in greater detail the potential of Cultural Theory as a tool for thinking about rural settlement variation. This study re-characterises the rural Upper and Middle Thames Valley as a place where there was a wide variety of worldviews during the period of great cultural and socio-political transition of the centuries straddling the turn of the first millennium. It suggests that the varying success and longevities of these rural settlements may have depended upon the ability of their inhabitants to either change their worldviews or to find similarities in the new organisation of their world.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2010. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Work presented in this dissertation was performed in the salt-desert environment of the Owens Valley of California. The area experiences low-rainfall, hot summers, but has a high water table, seldom more than 5 meters from the surface. To test differences in plant species wateruse, a steady-state porometer was used for transpiration measurements while a 2-meter point-frame was used to estimate leaf area index on each species studied. The five species studied (Atriplex torreyi, Chrysothamnus nauseosus, Distichlis stricta, Sporobolus airoides, and Sarcobatus vermiculatus) varied with regard to photosynthetic pathways and leaf morphology. Water-use differences among species are hypothesized to be related to the differing physiological and morphological characteristics observed in the different species studied. This work focuses upon methods for integrating porometric transpiration rates and point-frame measured leaf area to estimate daily plant water-use. Daily water-use values are correlated with environmental growth conditions. A computer program was developed for scenario testing so that conclusions could be drawn concerning how given plants respond to different conditions of soil moisture and atmospheric evaporative demand. The computer-aided calculations led to conclusions that low water-use behavior characterizes A. torreyi, and high water-use behavior characterizes C. nauseosus. C4 photosynthesis and low leaf conductance may contribute to the success of A. torreyi on fine-textured soils when water transfer rates to roots are limiting to transpiration. Fine-textured soils may inhibit production in C. nauseosus because the species requires higher rates of transpiration to achieve optimal growth than soil hydraulic conductivity allows. These conclusions have implications for land managers who should recognize that climax plant communities in saltdesert regions are better at conserving water and stabilizing soil than is colonizing vegetation. Management should seek to maintain climax vegetation cover because restoration is difficult once vegetation disturbance occurs.

This project investigates federal, state and local agencies and organizations that are key sources of information about Peninsular bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis cremnobates) to determine the extent of the agencies' environmental education and awareness programs related to the sheep. The agencies and organizations investigated include: Bureau of Land Management, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Living Desert Wildlife and Botanical Park, Bighorn Institute, Natural Science Collaborative of the Desert Region and California Desert Managers Group. Recommendations about future educational and interpretive programs are included.

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