The background of the concept, ABB Production Cell, meets the increasing demands from manufacturing industries throughout the world to simplify through standardization and by that reduce investment cost and operating cost throughout the entire lifecycle of the production cell. ABB is delivering the production cell as one easy to order, use, and maintain. The production cell is developed for virtual versions and full scale production cells. The different modules shall be utilized and presented in RobotStudio and configured in Automation Builder. With generic templates and hardware it provides e.g. early visualization, standardized systems, shortened design/development phase, and enable virtual FAT(Factory Acceptance Test). There is multiple ways of doing a virtual commissioning and it’s a known approach for testing software and hardware together. The method used in this project is known as SIL (Software-In-The-Loop).  This means that the hardware runs as software- e.g. PLC, Drives and HMI- with same properties and behavior as the real hardware. This thesis focus on describing phases of an automation system and see how different phases are affected by a virtual commissioning. Benefits will be described and the existing software will be evaluated. Furthermore, an attempt of virtual commissioning has been done with focus on connecting the software for stable communication with the virtual PLC and make a PLC-task with a handshake to the robot controller and the virtual environment. The system is tested in a virtual environment with vFAT and then on the workshop (FAT). This was done to see if the softwares replicated the same behavior as the hardwares.  The result for the virtual commissioning is that it is possible to run the virtual PLC (VAC500) with the same time interface, behavior, and signals as the real PLC (AC500). / Bakgrunden till konceptet ABB Produktions Cell är ökad efterfrågan av ett enkelt sätt, genom standardisering, att reducera kostnaderna för hela livscykeln för en produktions cell. ABB Produktions cell ska vara enkel att köpa, använda och upprätthålla. Konceptet är utvecklat för att kunna skapa fullskaliga modeller av produktionsceller. Utrustningen och den virtuella miljön finns i RobotStudio och konfigurationen av HMI,Drives och PLC i AutomationBuilder.  Generiska mallar, mjukvaror, hårdvaror ger möjlighet för t.ex. tidig visualisering, förkortad design och utvecklingsfas, standardiserade system samt tidig verifiering och test genom virtuell FAT(Factory Acceptance Test)   Idrifttagning av ett automationssystem kan tillämpas både virtuellt och traditionellt. Det finns flera olika metoder för virtuell idrifttagning och metoden för detta projekt är SIL(Software-In-the-Loop). Detta går ut på att hårdvaror såsom HMI, PLC och Drives körs som mjukvaror, med samma beteende och egenskaper(tidsgränssnitt) som de riktiga hårdvarorna. Den här uppsatsen fokuserar på att beskriva de olika delarna av ett automationsprojekt och hur de påverkas av virtuell idrifttagning. Fördelar med metoden tas fram och den befintliga utrustningen utvärderas. Ett försök till virtuell idrifttagning har genomförts där fokus varit att skapa en sekvenskod för logiken till en befintlig produktionscell samt skapa kopplingar mellan mjukvarorna. Detta testas och verifieras först i virtuell miljö med virtuell FAT(Factory Acceptance Test) och därefter har den verkliga produktionscellen verifierats i verkstaden(FAT). Utvärdering om beteende och cykeltider har också gjorts för att dra slutsatsen om vFAT kan jämföras med FAT under utvecklingsstadiet. Resultatet för den virtuella idrifttagningen är att det är möjligt att köra virtuell PLC(VAC500) med samma tidsinterface, beteende och signaler som den riktiga PLC(AC500).

<p>Real-time systems are systems which must produce a result within a given time frame. A result given outside of this time frame is as useless as not delivering any result at all. It is therefore essential to verify that real-time systems fulfill their timing requirements. A model of the system can facilitate the verification process. This thesis investigates two possible methods for modeling a real-time system with respect to CPU-utilization and latency of the different components in the system. The two methods are evaluated and one method is chosen for implementation.The studied system is the decoder of a WCDMA system which utilizes a real-time operating called system OSEck. The methodology of analyzing the system and different ways of obtaining measurements to base the model upon will be described. The model was implemented using the simulation library VirtualTime, which contains a model of the previously mentioned operating system. Much work was spent acquiring input for the model, since the quality of the model depends largely on the quality of the analysis work. The model created contains two of the studied systems main components.This thesis identifies thorough system knowledge and efficient profiling methods as the key success factors when creating models of real-time systems.</p>

<p>When working with embedded systems, secure and fast applications are desired. To achieve this the applications needs to be analyzed and optimized so that they will not be deadlocked or communicate inefficiently. For this purpose an analysis program that can track communications, deadlocks and response times is needed. Operating System Embedded, OSE, is a wide spread real-time operating system that is used in embedded systems. OSE-applications are excellent candidates for analysis and there exists such a tool, VirtualTime, for that purpose. To analyze an OSE-application a model needs to be written that VirtualTime can analyze. This takes up time and effort as the models can require a lot of work to write.</p><p>In this thesis we have investigated and implemented a prototype that translates OSE-application code into VirtualTime simulation model code. We used the transformation tool TXL to translate communication and timing behaviors. In the translation one needs to preserve the communication and timing behavior and throw away other unnecessary code in the OSE-application. This complicates the translation and sophisticated methods like backward slicing might be necessary. A proposed method in this thesis could help with the problem.</p>

When working with embedded systems, secure and fast applications are desired. To achieve this the applications needs to be analyzed and optimized so that they will not be deadlocked or communicate inefficiently. For this purpose an analysis program that can track communications, deadlocks and response times is needed. Operating System Embedded, OSE, is a wide spread real-time operating system that is used in embedded systems. OSE-applications are excellent candidates for analysis and there exists such a tool, VirtualTime, for that purpose. To analyze an OSE-application a model needs to be written that VirtualTime can analyze. This takes up time and effort as the models can require a lot of work to write. In this thesis we have investigated and implemented a prototype that translates OSE-application code into VirtualTime simulation model code. We used the transformation tool TXL to translate communication and timing behaviors. In the translation one needs to preserve the communication and timing behavior and throw away other unnecessary code in the OSE-application. This complicates the translation and sophisticated methods like backward slicing might be necessary. A proposed method in this thesis could help with the problem.

Real-time systems are systems which must produce a result within a given time frame. A result given outside of this time frame is as useless as not delivering any result at all. It is therefore essential to verify that real-time systems fulfill their timing requirements. A model of the system can facilitate the verification process. This thesis investigates two possible methods for modeling a real-time system with respect to CPU-utilization and latency of the different components in the system. The two methods are evaluated and one method is chosen for implementation.The studied system is the decoder of a WCDMA system which utilizes a real-time operating called system OSEck. The methodology of analyzing the system and different ways of obtaining measurements to base the model upon will be described. The model was implemented using the simulation library VirtualTime, which contains a model of the previously mentioned operating system. Much work was spent acquiring input for the model, since the quality of the model depends largely on the quality of the analysis work. The model created contains two of the studied systems main components.This thesis identifies thorough system knowledge and efficient profiling methods as the key success factors when creating models of real-time systems.