Zugl.: Giessen, Univ., Diss., 2009

Zugl.: Giessen, Univ., Diss., 2009

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2010. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on June 25, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 33-35).

Thesis--Wisconsin. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 194-203).

Zugl.: Giessen, Univ., Diss., 2005.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed June 30, 2007). Includes bibliographical references (p. 98-101).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2008. / Accompanied by .pdf, .jpg and .bmp files. Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-127).

Orientador: Alexandrina Sartori / Coorientador: Fernanda Chiuso Minicussi / Banca: Alessandro dos Santos Farias / Banca: Naria Terezinha Serrão Peraçoli / Resumo: A esclerose múltipla (EM) é uma doença inflamatória, crônica e desmielinizante do Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC). A caracterização de estratégias profiláticas ou terapêuticas na EM é necessária já que não há cura para a doença. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial profilático da associação de MOG (glicoproteína da mielina do oligodendrócito) com vitamina D3 (VitD) na encefalomielite autoimune experimental (EAE). Para isto, camundongos C57BL/6 foram imunizados com MOG na presença de VitD e posteriormente submetidos à indução da EAE. Os animais foram então eutanasiados nos dias 7 e 19 após indução da EAE os quais correspondem às fases pré-clinica e clínica da doença, respectivamente. Os seguintes parâmetros foram avaliados: peso corporal, escore clínico, processo inflamatório no SNC, quantidade de células dendríticas (DCs) e de T reguladoras (Tregs) no baço e produção de citocinas por células esplênicas e células mononucleares eluídas do SNC. A imunização com MOG associada com VitD impediu o desenvolvimento da EAE. O efeito profilático observado reduziu a maturação das DCs e a produção de citocinas encefalitogênicas, mas não aumentou a quantidade de Tregs no baço. Já no SNC a imunização determinou redução acentuada no processo inflamatório e na produção de citocinas encefalitogênicas. Os dados obtidos indicam que a associação do antígeno específico (MOG) com VitD foi suficientemente tolerogênica para evitar o desenvolvimento da EAE. Efeito similar em outras patologias autoimunes é esperado e merece investigação / Abstract: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). As there is no cure for this disease, new prophylactic or therapeutic strategies are necessary. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the prophylactic potential of the association of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) with vitamin D3 in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). C57BL/6 mice were immunized with MOG associated with vitamin D3 and then submitted to EAE induction. Animals were euthanized 7 and 19 days after, during the preclinical and acute disease phases, respectively. The following parameters were evaluated: body weight, clinical score, inflammatory process in the CNS, amount of dendritic and regulatory T cells in the spleen and cytokine production by spleen and CNS cell cultures. Immunization with MOG associated with vitamin D3 blocked clinical EAE development. This prophylactic effect was associated with a drastic reduction in clinical score, body weight loss, CNS inflammation, dendritic cells maturation and also in the production of cytokines by CNS and spleen cell cultures. This association was therefore highly tolerogenic, being able to avoid EAE development. A similar effect from vitamin D3 association with other specific self-antigens is expected in other autoimmune conditions and deserves future evaluation / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-02-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:50:43Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 biagioni_mfg_me_botfm.pdf: 802579 bytes, checksum: 9594c1b08b81555be0b3afc4794cb9ab (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A obesidade é uma doença crônica e de caráter epidemiológico, repercutindo de maneira importante na saúde do indivíduo e na sociedade. Atualmente, a cirurgia bariátrica, em especial a Bypass gástrico em Y de Roux (BGYR), vem se popularizando como uma forma de tratamento dessa condição, garantindo perda do excesso de peso superior às terapias convencionais, com manutenção em longo prazo. Contudo, observa-se que, por se tratar de uma cirurgia com componentes restritivos e disabsortivos, o BGYR, pode levar a redução na absorção e ingestão de nutrientes essenciais a homeostase corporal e em especial, a homeostase óssea. Com isso, podem ocorrer alterações no metabolismo ósseo e, consequentemente na estrutura óssea. Os objetivos do presente estudo foram avaliar o efeito da referida cirurgia sobre a ingestão de nutrientes e parâmetros relacionados à remodelação óssea de pacientes obesas antes e após três e seis meses do procedimento, averiguando se existe associação entre a ingestão alimentar e a evolução destes parâmetros. Neste estudo, prospectivo e observacional, foram estudadas 25 mulheres, submetidas ao procedimento de BGYR, no período de maio de 2009 a maio de 2010, no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Unesp. Para avaliação da ingestão energética e de cálcio, magnésio, fósforo, vitamina D e macronutrientes, foi aplicado um registro alimentar de 72 horas, nos três momentos de avaliação, calculando-se as variáveis por meio do software de nutrição Dietpro 5.i Profissional. Os dados comportamentais foram coletados por meio de um protocolo de avaliação, desenvolvido pela equipe, considerando-se uso de tabaco, álcool e prática de atividade física. Foi realizada avaliação antropométrica, aferindo-se circunferências da cintura, abdominal e quadril, além do peso corporal e seus componentes, analisados pelo método... / Obesity is a chronic disease and an epidemic, resulting in a significant way in the health of the individual and society. Nowadays, bariatric surgery in special gastric bypass Roux-Y (BGYR) has become popular as a treatment, ensuring loss of overweight superior to conventional therapies, with long term maintenance. However, it was observed that, because it is a surgery with disabsorptive and restrictive components, the RYGB may lead to reduced absorption and intake of essential nutrients, necessary for the body homeostasis and, specially, bone homeostasis. Thus, changes in bone metabolism may occur and, consequently, changes in bone structure. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effect of the surgery on nutrients intake and on parameters related to bone remodeling in obese patients, before and after three and six months of the procedure, by examining the association between food intake and evolution of these parameters. A prospective and observational study evaluated 25 women who underwent the RYGB procedure, from May 2009 to May 2010, at the Hospital of the Medical School of Botucatu, UNESP. For evaluation of energy, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, vitamin D and macronutrients consumption, a 3 days food record was carried out before and after surgery, and calculated on DietPro 5.i Professional nutrition software. Behavioral data were collected by an assessment protocol, developed by the team, considering use of tobacco, alcohol and physical activity. Anthropometric assessment was performed by measuring waist circumference, waist, hip and body weight, and components of body weight were analyzed by bioelectrical impedance method. Laboratory tests of bone metabolism were also conducted, such as: calcium (urine and serum), serum magnesium and phosphorus, total alkaline phosphatase and bone specific alkaline phosphate (BSAP), parathyroid hormone (PTH), carboxy-te... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Primarily synthesised via cutaneous exposure to solar ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation, serum vitamin D concentrations, measured as 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), fluctuate according to solar availability. Seasonal variations in vitamin D are common in areas of high or low latitude determined by the distance from the sun. Seasonal variations in blood pressure, immune markers and some diseases including influenza, have also been reported. However, the contributions of UVB light or vitamin D on the immune markers have not been fully determined. Against this background, the purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of UVB light therapy and dietary vitamin D supplementation on markers of immune function. The D SIRe1 study aimed to assess whether dietary-derived 25(OH)D could have similar effects on immune function as light-derived 25(OH)D. The study was an 8-week comparative intervention trial in healthy adults randomised to receive either 3 times weekly UVB radiation (equivalent to doses received during a Grampian-summer) for 4 weeks; or oral vitamin D3 (1000 IU a day for 8 weeks). Total 25(OH)D was measured by dual tandem mass spectrometry of serum samples following removal of protein and de-lipidation, whilst regulatory T cells (Tregs), known for maintaining immune system homeostasis, by flow cytometry. The study showed similar short-term effects between oral vitamin D and UVB exposure on measured outcomes. However, study interpretation was limited by the lack of a placebo group, yet, to our knowledge, this was the first study to directly compare dose-matched UVB therapy and vitamin D supplementation in healthy participants. Using similar laboratory techniques, the D-SIRe2 study, a placebo-controlled trial, assessed short-term (12 weeks) and long-term (43 weeks) effects of vitamin D supplementation on immune markers. Commencing in spring (March) and finishing in winter (January) 2015/2016, the study showed seasonal fluctuations in most immune markers. The fluctuations did not change according to variations in 25(OH)D concentrations nor were they correlated with solar UVB doses, with the exception of T cell proliferative responses, which were positively correlated with daily solar UVB doses. An interesting finding from this study was the prevention of increases in pro-inflammatory IFN-γ cytokine concentrations in the spring and summer time in the vitamin D3 supplemental group versus placebo. IFN-γ concentrations were raised from 7940 pg/mL at baseline in March, to roughly 12400 pg/mL at week 4 and to 13909 pg/mL at week 12 in the placebo group. The concentrations were roughly 1.3 times the mean concentrations measured in the vitamin D group at the timepoints following baseline concentrations of 10678 pg/mL, and 10013 pg/mL and 10233 pg/mL at weeks 4 and 12, respectively. The interactions between solar light or seasonal effects and oral vitamin D supplementation, as well as their individual and combined effects on immune function, are yet to be fully determined. Moreover, the metabolic and physiological implications of seasonal variation in serum 25(OH)D concentration and markers of immune function are currently unknown, requiring further investigation.