Evidence suggests that action representations associated with the functional and volumetric properties of an object are part of its conceptual representation (Bub, Masson, & Cree, 2008; Jax & Buxbaum, 2010). To further examine the dynamic interplay between functional and volumetric action representations during object perception, a series of experiments was carried out in which participants made a reach and grasp response in the context of an object pictured either upright or rotated. When trained to identify a colour cue as a prompt to make a specific hand action, with the cue presented at different stimulus onset asynchronies (SOA), participants showed priming effects as early as 300 ms before the presentation of an upright object prime for both functional and volumetric actions. With pictures of hand posture cues, at similar SOAs, participants showed the same pattern of consistent priming effects for both actions types. Surprisingly, a dissociation between the action types occurred when the object primes were rotated, in that only the volumetric and not the functional action representation was evoked. Furthermore, at 0 ms SOA, the primed V-action was associated with the canonical rather than the depicted view of the object. The results clarify the dynamic pattern of F- and V-grasps evoked by visual objects. For upright objects, both F- and V-grasps are strongly evoked over time. Rotated objects show a tendency to evoke only volumetric action representation. The latter result suggests that the V-grasp associated with a rotated object is based on a skeletal form of the object that does not include its functional properties. / Graduate

A volumetric contact dynamics model has been proposed by Gonthier et al. [1, 2, 3] for the purpose of rapidly generating reliable simulations of space-based manipulator contact dynamics. By assuming materials behave as a Winkler elastic foundation model, forces and moments between two bodies in contact can be expressed in terms of the volume of interference between the undeformed geometries of the bodies. Friction between bodies is modelled by a dwell-time dependent bristle model for both tangential friction, and spinning friction torque. This volumetric model has a number of advantages. Unlike point-contact models, it allows for the modelling of contact between complex geometries and scenarios where the contact surface is relatively large, while being less computationally expensive than finite element methods. Rolling resistance is included in the model through damping effects across the volume of interference. The friction model accounts for dwell-time dependent slip-stick effects, spinning friction torque, and the Contensou effect. In this thesis, an experimental validation of the volumetric contact model is presented for the first time. Models for simple geometries in contact (e.g. cylinder-on-plane, sphere-on-plane) have been developed for stationary contact and for contact with motion normal and tangential to the contact surface. Tangential motion is modelled with pure translation, pure rotation about the normal axis, and combined motion, in order to separately consider friction forces, spinning friction torque, and the Contensou effect, respectively. An apparatus has been developed to experimentally validate these models for metal-on-metal contact. The apparatus has two configurations, one for validating the normal contact models and the other for the friction models. Experimental measurements of forces and displacements are used to identify model parameters (e.g. volumetric stiffness, friction coefficients, etc.). For normal force experiments, modelling the contact forces as proportional to volume of interference was found to be a reasonable approximation. A Hertzian model was compared with the volumetric model for spherical payloads loaded quasi-statically. Using stiffnesses estimated from spherical experiments, small misalignments of the cylindrical payloads were estimated that corresponded well with measured results. Dynamic experiments suggest an inverse relationship between impact velocity and the hysteretic damping coefficient. The high normal forces applied in the friction experiments were found to create significant wear on the contact surfaces. Coefficients of friction between titanium and aluminum were found to be consistent translationally and rotationally. Friction forces from combined translation and rotation demonstrate that the Contensou effect is accurately described by the volumetric contact model.

Master of Science in Dentistry / Objectives: The aims of this study were: • to evaluate the exact level of the mandibular canal using Cone Beam Volumetric Tomography (CBVT) using measurements taken on images from the NewTom3G and i-CAT machines and manually • to determine the course of the mandibular canal in the regions of the first, second , and third molars • to compare the course of the mandibular canals bilaterally • to compare variables measured between the CBVT and panoramic units • to determine appropriate positions for the implant placement at the region of the mandibular molars in relation to the mandibular canal. Methods: Ten mandibles were selected, including seven edentulous and three dentate ones. They were marked at four positions from the distal border of the mental foramina in the posterior direction at intervals of 10.00 mm. On each dry mandible, at four sites namely M0, M1, M2, and M3, Gutta Percha (GP) points, known as markers, were attached to the mandible so that they were parallel to the midline of the mandible on both buccal and lingual sides. On the NewTom 3G and i-CAT, variables of cross-sectional images were measured from the alveolar crest of the mandible to the superior border of the mandibular canal (AC); the lingual rim of the canal to the lingual margin of the mandible (LC); the buccal rim of the canal to the buccal margin of the mandible (BC); the inferior rim of the canal to the lower border of the mandible (IC), and from the lingual margin to the buccal margin of the mandible (BW: Bone Width). Dry mandibles were subsequently sacrificed by cutting at the four marked sites. On each cross-section of mandibles, distances AC, BC, LC, IC, and BW were measured using a caliper as the manual measurement. IC distances on a conventional OrthophosIII panoramic machine were also measured to compare with the CBVT. Data were managed by Microsoft Office Excel 2003 and transferred to the software of Statistics Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 15.0 for Windows for analysis. Data were presented as Mean, Standard Deviation (SD), and Mean Difference, and Standard Error of Mean (SEM) with decimal at 0.00. T-test and One-way ANOVA were used to analyse variables measured in which T-test was used to analyse variables with paired samples and One-way ANOVA was used with adjustment for multiple comparisons of Bonferroni. Statistical significance has an assumed P- value of 0.05 or less. Results: The findings showed that there was no significant difference among measured variables from the NewTom 3G, i-CAT and manual measurement (P>0.05). There was significant statistical difference between the Orthophos OPG machine and CBVT system (P=0.00<0.05). There was no significant difference in the course of the mandibular canals bilaterally (P>0.05). On average, Distances AC, BC, LC, and IC were obtained for reference purposes. The bone width of the mandible on the right side was slightly different from that on the left side. Conclusions: The findings implied CBVT was an accurate diagnostic tool for locating the course of the mandibular canal and for placing dental implants in the region of the mandibular molars. The course of the mandibular canal on the left and right sides was variable. The distances measured at the region of the first, second, and third mandibular molars should be considered as a valuable reference. The bone width of the mandible on the right and left sides was slightly different. The accuracy of the NewTom3G and i-CAT was superior to the panoramic Orthophos machine. However, a panoramic radiograph is still valuable in the daily dental clinic.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1933. / Vita.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1966. / Typescript. Vita. "The appendices of the thesis consist of a collection of scientific papers (preprints and reprints) which were co-authored with my research director, Professor W.J. Blaedel." eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 1927. / 'Literature": p. 29.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1937. / Vita. Bibliography: p. 20.

AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Justin W. Behrens, for the Master of Science degree in Mechanical Engineering, presented on June 24, 2011 at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: MODIFICATION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A MONO-VALVE ENGINE MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. Suri Rajan A four-stroke engine utilizing one tappet valve for both the intake and exhaust gas exchange processes has been built and evaluated. The engine operates under its own power, but has a reduced power capacity than the conventional 2-valve engine. The reduction in power is traced to higher than expected amounts of exhaust gases flowing back into the intake system. Design changes to the cylinder head will fix the back flow problems, but the future capacity of mono-valve engine technology cannot be estimated. The back flow of exhaust gases increases the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate and deteriorates combustion. Intake pressure data shows the mono-valve engine requires an advanced intake valve closing (IVC) time to prevent back flow of charge air. A single actuation camshaft with advanced IVC was tested in the mono-valve engine, and was found to improve exhaust scavenging at TDC and nearly eliminated all charge air back flow at IVC. The optimum IVC timing is shown to be approximately 30 crank angle degrees after BDC. The mono-valve cylinder head utilizes a rotary valve positioned above the tappet valve. The open spaces inside the rotary valve and between the rotary valve and tappet valve represent a common volume that needs to be reduced in order to reduce the base EGR rate. Multiple rotary valve configurations were tested, and the size of the common volume was found to have no effect on back flow but a direct effect on the EGR rate and engine performance. The position of the rotary valve with respect to crank angle has a direct effect on the scavenging process. Optimum scavenging occurs when the intake port is opened just after TDC.

Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent) / To determine the total volumetric change and the relative speed of shrinkage of bulk fill flowable composites during polymerization. The volumetric change that occur during the polymerization of dental composite restorations are considered to be one of the most significant contributing factors when considering the failure in composite restorations. Volumetric shrinkage of more than 2% is considered to be enough to result in the occurrence of secondary caries resulting in fracture of restorations and failure in the adhesive layer of a resin restoration. The total volumetric change of dental resins can be attributed to three main factors: Firstly, the polymerization reaction that results in the formation of a polymer chain. Secondly, the increase of the exothermic thermal effects produced by the polymerization reaction and thirdly, light irradiance energy that is transferred to the dental resin.

Orientador: Artur Zaghini Francesconi / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Química / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T11:18:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigues_Marcelo_M.pdf: 1028536 bytes, checksum: 23f02a0880e6d6900107ba391cfe6c73 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Nesta dissertação foi estudado o comportamento do volume em excesso em relação à composição de sistemas contendo água, alcanodióis e um líquido iônico a 298,15 K. Os dados experimentais foram obtidos pelo método indireto utilizando-se a densitometria por oscilação mecânica. Os alcanodióis utilizados nos sistemas estudados foram o 1,2-etanodiol, o 1,2-propanodiol, 1,2-butanodiol e o 1,3-propanodiol. O líquido iônico utilizado para o experimento foi o brometo de 1-butil-3-metilimidazólio. A fração molar do líquido iônico foi de 0,01 para todos os experimentos. Os valores de VmE foram correlacionados utilizando-se um polinômio do tipo Redlich-Kister. Os dados experimentais sem o líquido iônico foram correlacionados pelo modelo ERAS e PFP. Os dados experimentais do sistema água / alcanodiol / líquido iônico foram correlacionados utilizando-se o modelo ERAS e PFP modificados com a adição da equação de Hepler relativo a um termo de efeito salino / Abstract: In this work it was studied the behavior of the excess volume in relation to composition of systems with water, alkanediols and an ionic liquid at 298.15 K. The experimental data were acquired from an indirect method by means of vibrating-tube densimeter (Anton Paar, DMA 55). Alkanediols used in this work were 1,2-ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol and 1,3-propanediol. 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide was the ionic liquid used in this experiment. The ionic liquid was 0.01 of mole fraction for all experiments. The VmE data were correlated with a Redlich-Kister type polynomial. Experimental data from water + alkanediol system were correlated with ERAS and PFP model. Water + alkanediol + ionic liquid system were correlated using an ERAS and PFP modified with a Hepler equation related to a salt effect term / Mestrado / Sistemas de Processos Quimicos e Informatica / Mestre em Engenharia Química