Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : Linguistique : Metz : 1996. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Notes bibliographiques. Index.

Diss--Philosophie--University Iowa, 1964. / Bibliogr. p. 184-191.

Texte remanié de: Ph. D.--Stanford University, 1984.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

De nos jours, la réalisation d'un projet de grande ampleur implique toujours une notion de travail d'équipe. Depuis plusieurs années, nous assistons donc à une demande croissante en termes d'outils informatiques pour assister les activités collaboratives. Les solutions les plus abouties à ce jour sont les environnements virtuels collaboratifs (CVE). L'utilisation de ces outils reste cependant marginale en raison de la dimension " distante " de la collaboration qu'ils proposent : en situation réelle, les participants sont, dans la plupart des cas, situés au même endroit. Cette situation porte le nom de " colocalisation ". Les grandes structures adoptent une méthode de travail colocalisé appelée " war room " : un espace physique multi-surfaces permettant un travail simultané et non-linéaire. Les travaux présentés dans cette thèse visent à proposer une plateforme matérielle et logicielle plus proche des besoins d'une équipe colocalisée, et focalisée sur le travail de revue de projet autour de maquettes numériques 3D. Après une analyse de la notion d'espace et des comportements sociaux et cognitifs des individus en situation de colocalisation, nous proposons une plateforme informatisée s'inspirant de la dynamique d'une War room. Nous mettons en particulier l'accent sur la diversité des compétences des utilisateurs en implémentant un système de " canaux d'interaction/visualisation " offrant des perceptions hétérogènes du même objet virtuel dans la war room. Ce travail est complété par la définition d'un moyen de transformer une plateforme CVE classique (SPIN|3D) pour la rendre compatible avec le travail en war room. Cette transformation repose notamment sur l'insertion de plusieurs degrés d'abstraction de données dans une architecture que nous appelons MnVO. La plateforme résultante a été mise en application sous la forme de deux prototypes : le premier propose un scenario de collaboration distribuée autour d'une voiture virtuelle. Le second s'appuie sur le système de canaux pour fournir un scénario de revue de projet d'urbanisme. / Performing a large scale job always involves some teamwork. Therefore, for several years, there has been a growing need regarding computer assistance for this kind of collaborative task. The most complete solutions existing today are collaborative virtual environments (CVE). However, the use of these tools is still uncommon because of the "distant" aspect of the collaboration in CVEs: In a real use case, co-workers are mostly located in the same place. Such a situation is called "colocation". Therefore, large companies choose another working method called "war room": a physical space allowing simultaneous and non-linear work using multiple working surfaces. This thesis aims at providing a hardware and software platform dedicated to collocated collaboration and focused on project review activities. After having analyzed the notion of space, and observed socio-cognitive behavior of collocated coworkers, we present a computer-aided platform inspired from war rooms. This work emphasizes on the users' competence diversity by implementing a paradigm called "channels". These channels offer multiple heterogeneous representations of virtual objects in the war room. This work is completed by the definition of a method for changing a classical CVE platform (SPIN|3D) into a computer-supported war room. This transformation involves notably the insertion of several abstraction levels for data; thanks to software architecture we call MnVO. The resulting platform is finally used for two prototypes: The first one provides distributed collaboration activity upon a virtual vehicle. The second one relies on the channels technology and provides an urbanism project review scenario.

This report is the result of a fifteen week internship with the Interpretation Department at Longue Vue House and Gardens, New Orleans, Louisiana. During this internship I participated in many projects including the development of an interactive children's program for the Longue Vue house. This report also concentrates on the organization's history and structure, the internship's responsibilities and tasks, and an analysis of the organization.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1971. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 215-225).

Thèse (M. Sc.)--Université Laval, 1997. / Bibliogr.: f. 137-141. Publié aussi en version électronique.

Many researchers in the academic and clinical communities theorise that inflammation may underpin the placental dysfunction to which the majority of fetal growth restriction (FGR) and stillbirth cases are attributed. Villitis of unknown etiology (VUE) is an inflammatory condition of the placenta characterised by lesions of macrophages and T cells in the villous stroma. This study addressed the hypothesis that VUE is a maternal-mediated immune reaction that contributes to FGR and stillbirth by detrimentally affecting placental function. The hypothesis was tested by: 1) completing a systematic review of the literature to confirm implied links of VUE to poor pregnancy outcome, 2) performing a detailed characterisation of the cellular phenotype of VUE in stillbirth, 3) developing an in vitro model of VUE and 4) examining the functional effects of VUE using this model. A systematic review of the literature revealed that VUE occurred in 28.6% of placentas from FGR pregnancies compared to 15.6% of placentas from appropriately grown infants (p < 0.0001), confirming the implied association. There were insufficient published studies to be able to corroborate a link with stillbirth. Elevated numbers of macrophages, CD4 and CD8 T cells were quantified in VUE lesions. There were significant increases in pan-placental CD4 and CD8 T cell presence in placentas from stillborn infants with VUE (p < 0.0001). A greater staining area of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-2 (p < 0.05) and IL-12 (p < 0.0001) was recorded in VUE lesions and a reduction in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 in the stillbirth with VUE cohort. Dual immunofluorescence of cell markers and cytokines implies that the immune response in VUE is directed towards Th1-type cell-mediated immunity. An in vitro model of VUE was developed that enabled co-culture of explants with fluorescently labelled T cells isolated from matched maternal whole blood samples. Placental tissue and T cells could be maintained in culture for the required duration of the experiment and placental function was not affected by preparation and culture conditions. In vitro co-culture with maternal T cells resulted in a significant reduction in placental function as measured by hCG secretion (p=0.015). There were significant increases in culture supernatant concentrations of IL-1β (p=0.008), IL-10 (p=0.02), interferon-γ (p=0.02) and IL-1Ra (p=0.05) and tissue lysate concentrations of IL-6 (p=0.008) and IL-1β (p=0.02). Culture of explants with a combination of IL-2, IL-12 and anti-IL-4 significantly reduced hCG secretion compared to control (p=0.03).These studies indicate that VUE involves a Th1-type immune response that may affect placental function, the impact of which might be impaired fetal growth that could contribute to stillbirth. The novel in vitro model facilitates future investigations into the pathophysiology of VUE.

This project's goal is to further develop the company's GoBrave intranet Goto. The intranet is for the company's employees, where they can find information about customers, login details for various programs and more. Requests about what further development is needed have been collected by the company themselves and then compiled into a list. The list is thus the basis for the project, but other requests have arisen during the course of the project and these have then been implemented. The intranet has been tested based on the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), which are guidelines developed for accessibility on the web. / Det här projektets mål är att vidareutveckla företagets GoBraves intranät Goto. Intranätet är till för företagets anställda där de till exempel kan hitta information om kunder, inloggningsuppgifter till olika program med mera. Önskemål om vilken vidareutveckling som behövs har samlats in av företaget själva och sammanställts i en lista. Listan är således grunden för arbetet men andra önskemål har uppkommit under arbetets gång och dessa har då implementerats. Intranätet har slutligen testats utifrån Web Content Accessibility Guidelines(WCAG) som är riktlinjer framtagna för tillgänglighet på webben.