This multiple-case study investigated the characteristics of successful high school substance abuse intervention programs. The unit of analysis for this multiple-case study is the public high school substance abuse intervention program of twelve selected Washington State high schools. Sub-units of analysis within the multiple-case study include the various components and attributes of a substance abuse intervention program. Examples of these sub-units include: formal drug education policies; staff training on substance abuse issues and intervention skills; formal curriculum and student instruction; central office administration and building administration support for the program; community support for the program, staff time to administer the overall program, a formalized identification strategy, a formalized referral process, a formal reentry (recovery) program and the availability of formal assessment services for students. The case study design developed by this researcher included two major activities: (1) A written survey of all Washington State public high school intervention programs that identified eight public high schools that were particularly successful and four that were relatively unsuccessful in their ability to identify those students who were harmfully involved with alcohol and/or other drugs and refer these students to appropriate services. (2) A comprehensive examination of the substance abuse intervention programs for twelve selected public high schools through site visitations that included staff interviews, student interviews and the collection of various documents. A cross analysis of the results from this multiple-case study indicate that successful substance abuse intervention programs share the following characteristics: (1) Formal, established identification programs; (2) The involvement of various staff members in identifying students harmfully involved with alcohol and/or other drugs. (3) The availability of training in identification strategies for various staff members. (4) The availability of specific training in referral strategies for various staff members. (5) The availability of formal drug assessments to all students at no cost. (6) Administrative support from building principals and central office staff regarding leadership and the allocation of resources.

Business educators need to provide relevant career education and train students adequately for entry-level work and success in a dynamic and changing society. It is imperative, then, we identify those skills, knowledge, and attitudes necessary for success not only in today's office but also in the office of the future. To determine the competencies and skills required, a survey of businesses in the Clark County area was completed. The questionnaire was designed to assess current computer usage and technical and nontechnical skill requirements.

DEEPWATER is a novel that takes place in Port Townsend, Washington Territory, in 1887. This thesis contains the first sections of the novel, in which detective Alma Rosales goes undercover to infiltrate an opium-smuggling ring. She arrives in the remote outpost where the ring operates, falls in with some waterfront thieves, and gets to work. Soon it becomes apparent that Alma's reports to her Pinkerton employers aren't telling the whole truth. And as she gets cozier with the outlaws of Port Townsend, Alma's own identity and motives come into question. Thematically this novel is an exploration of constructed identity: the many parts one person plays in her daily life and over time, and how some parts become habit while others may never feel natural. Alma's disguises make explicit her various performances of personality, physicality and gender. Stylistically I've chosen to reflect Alma's personas, performed or otherwise, in corresponding narrative modes (points of view). Also explored are the performative aspects of dialogue, the blending or warping of genres and genre expectations, and the experience of inhabiting a physical body that is sometimes wildly at odds with the mind.

The Columbia Basin of Central Washington has a relatively recent Latter-day Saint history among the regions of the western states. Most of the sparsely populated rural areas in the west that have large concentrations of Latter-day Saints were originally established as "Mormon" settlements. The basin referred to lies between the Snake and Columbia Rivers and now has thousands of Latter-day Saints who have chosen to inhabit the historically barren land and call it their home. A brief visit or casual observance of the area leads many to question what were the major factors and characteristics leading to the twentieth century growth of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the Columbia Basin of Central Washington?

The nature of Architecture, as it could exist at the edge of a river, was investigated through the design of a Center for Performing Arts located on the design of a Center for Performing Arts located on the Potomac River. Site analysis, functional requirements and structural feasibility were among the considerations utilized in arriving at the proposed design. The Center is comprised of three theaters, restaurants, a marina, administration offices, guest suites, and their ancillary spaces. Six stair towers support a thick wall which is situated at the river’s edge. Stage areas for the theatres were located within the wall between pairs of towers, with seating on one side of the wall and backstage areas on the other. A serpentine “riverwalk” connects the towers and four plazas, encouraging public use of the river’s edge. Parking is provided by a crescent-shaped garage which also serves as a buffer to the adjacent expressway traffic. / Master of Architecture

When contemplating the history of religious architecture several typologies become apparent. There is the refinement of Gothic cathedrals where the volume and use of material not only reinforced the liturgy but gave breath to a tempo of chant. There also is the small New England chapel steeple and modest gable which provide such a compelling image that it has become an icon in American culture. This thesis explores the design of a sacred space independent of traditional symbolism. Rather than attempting to refine an existing typology this design explored what is fundamental in creating a sacred space. A church for a congregation of Spiritualists, who currently are renovating a Methodist church in Georgetown. [2] This design is centered on a few elements. In response to Spiritualist liturgy which is devoid of an altar there is an exploration of defining void thus creating a focal point by the enclosure of space. The importance of views is emphasized, expressly views to sacred areas that are not actually touched. Layering of transparency is explored which provides a vehicle for information between discrete areas. / Master of Architecture

A building that lives in the mind of the people and gives them a sense of belonging. It is the memory of the town. / Master of Architecture

The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which tasks taught in the high school banking courses match tasks performed by tellers in the workplace. The research questions were as follows: (a) What are the teller tasks taught in the high school banking courses? (b) What is the importance of the tasks, as perceived by school bank managers, to the training of students for employment in teller positions? (c) What are the tasks performed by tellers in financial institutions? (d) What is the importance of the tasks, as perceived by tellers, to the performance of the duties of the job? (e) To what extent do the teller tasks taught in the high school banking courses match the tasks performed by tellers in financial institutions? (f) To what extent do tellers and school bank managers perceive the importance of the tasks similarly? Survey questionnaires were used to gather descriptive data on teller tasks taught in the high school banking courses and performed on the job. Response rates for school bank managers and tellers were 91% and 79%, respectively. Mean scores, percentages, and correlations were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed: (a) Over all 86 tasks, 56% were taught by school bank managers and 77% were performed by tellers. (b) Some of the tasks tellers rated important were not taught in the banking courses. (c) The tasks were rated important by both groups. (d) Students in some of the high schools had very limited exposure to tasks performed in the teller position. / Ed. D.

Over the past half century, the USDA Forest Service has increasingly faced diverse and often competing demands for forest resources, ranging from recreation, to ecosystem services, and timber supply. Building positive community-agency relationships has become increasingly important. Such relationships can improve community support for forest planning and management activities, ultimately making the agency more efficient and effective, while also providing economic and social benefit to local communities. The development of social capital may play an important role in promoting positive agency-community relationships. Broadly defined, the term refers to the social networks between individuals and groups that create a willingness and ability to act collectively toward a common goal. This study focuses on the impact that a partnership between the Colville National Forest and Northeast Washington Forestry Coalition has had on rural Northeast Washington communities. Overall, our study suggests the partnership has positively impacted networks among community members and networks between the community and the Forest Service. However, there is room for improvement. Many study participants were not familiar with important details about the Coalition's membership and objectives, or how its work may impact them or their community. Targeted outreach efforts will likely lead to greater support for the partnership. Such efforts could also strengthen networks among community members and community-agency networks as individuals learn how the partnership can benefit them and issues they care about. / Graduation date: 2012

Freshwater ecosystems are subject to a wide variety of stressors, which can have complex interactions and result in ecological surprises. Non-native fish introductions have drastically reduced the number of naturally fishless lakes and have resulted in cascading food web repercussions in aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Additional anthropogenic influences that result from increases in global airborne emissions also threaten wildlife habitat. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition has been recognized as an anthropogenic contributor to acidification and eutrophication of wilderness ecosystems. Planktonic communities have shown declines in response to predation and shifts in composition as a result of nutrient inputs and acidification, both of which are potential fates of nitrogen deposition. This study identified the response of zooplankton communities from two lakes (fish present vs. absent) in Mount Rainier National Park to manipulations simulating an episodic disturbance event in mesocosms. The experiment used a 2 x 2 factorial design with acid and nitrogen treatments. Treatments resulted in significantly elevated nitrogen and decreased pH conditions from control mesocosms over 42 days, indicating that the treatment effects were achieved. Results indicate that zooplankton communities from lakes with different food web structure respond differently to the singular effects of acid and nitrogen addition. Surprisingly, the interaction of the two stressors was related to increases in community metrics (e.g., abundance, biomass, body size, richness, and Shannon-Weiner diversity) for both lake types. This work can aid management decisions as agencies look to restore more aquatic montane habitats to their historic fishless states, and assess their abilities to recover and afford resistance to atmospheric pollution.