Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Canterbury, 2009. / Typescript (photocopy). "March 2009." Includes bibliographical references (p. 163-173). Also available via the World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph.D.(Chemical Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Summary in English. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--Youngstown State University, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-83). Also available via the World Wide Web in PDF format.

Thesis (M.S. in mechanical engineering)--Washington State University, August 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-81).

Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2007. / Title from PDF title page screen. Advisor: Zhi-Ju Liu; submitted to the Dept. of Geography. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-89).

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This thesis reports on the research undertaken to increase the sustainability of the management of industrial food waste. The main objective of this research is to develop a systematic framework that can be used by food manufacturers to identify and implement sustainable solutions for food waste management. The research reported in this thesis is divided into four main parts. The first part reviews the literature on ramifications and issues associated with the generation and management of food waste, available options to tackle issues related to food waste, categorisations of food waste and existing methodologies to support food waste management modelling and decision-making with regard to the management of food waste. The second part introduces a framework to identify types of food waste and link them to their most sustainable food waste management solution. The third part presents a food waste management modelling procedure and identifies attributes needed to model food waste management. The fourth part analyses relationships between attributes and provides information flowcharts and a methodology to support the modelling of food waste management systems. The applicability and usefulness of the research have been demonstrated through case studies with two UK food manufacturers: a brewery and a meat-alternative manufacturer. Although the framework presented in this thesis aims at improving food manufacturers waste management, it could be easily adapted to be used in other stages of the food supply chain. In summary, the research reported in this thesis has concluded that food manufacturers generate large amounts of food waste that are managed in a wide range of ways. A systematic framework to analyse types of food being wasted, waste management processes, food manufacturers, waste management processors and sustainability implications of food waste management provides a sound methodology to identify opportunities to improve the management of industrial food waste.

abstract: Phosphorus (P) is an essential resource for global food security, but global supplies are limited and demand is growing. Demand reductions are critical for achieving P sustainability, but recovery and re-use is also required. Wastewater treatment plants and livestock manures receive considerable attention for their P content, but municipal organic waste is another important source of P to address. Previous research identified the importance of diverting this waste stream from landfills for recovering P, but little has been done to identify the collection and processing mechanisms required, or address the existing economic barriers. In my research, I conducted a current state assessment of organic waste management by creating case studies in Phoenix, Arizona and New Delhi, India, and surveyed biomass energy facilities throughout the United States. With participation from waste management professionals I also envisioned an organic waste management system that contributes to sustainable P while improving environmental, social, and economic outcomes. The results of my research indicated a number of important leverage points, including landfill fees, diversion mandates for organic waste, and renewable energy credits. Source separation of organic waste improves the range of uses, decreases processing costs, and facilitates P recovery, while creating jobs and contributing to a circular economy. Food is a significant component of the waste stream, and edible food is best diverted to food banks, while scraps are best given to livestock. Biomass energy systems produce multiple revenue streams, have high processing capacities, and concentrate P and other minerals to a greater extent than composting. Using recovered P in urban agriculture and native landscaping results in additional benefits to social-ecological systems by improving food security, reducing the urban heat island effect, sequestering carbon, and enhancing urban ecosystems. / Dissertation/Thesis / Biomass Energy Facility Spreadsheet / Anaerobic Digester Facility Spreadsheet / Raw Data from Biomass Survey / Individual Responses from Biomass Survey / Raw notes from India case studies / Doctoral Dissertation Sustainability 2016

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-11-14Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:40:26Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ferreira_er_me_prud.pdf: 3465149 bytes, checksum: d4b907818d7fc1febae25de48dc86fdf (MD5) / Este trabalho procurou analisar os aspectos da gestão e do gerenciamento interno e externo dos RSS na cidade de Presidente Prudente. A realização do trabalho coincidiu com um período intenso de negociações entre os estabelecimentos geradores e a companhia responsável pela limpeza pública na busca por uma melhor alternativa para o solucionamento do problema. O município possui um caráter centralizador, oferecendo inúmeros serviços na área médica, dispondo de hospitais, laboratórios e demais estabelecimentos que atraem além dos moradores locais, pessoas advindas de cidades próximas e de até mesmo de outros Estados tais como: região sul do Mato Grosso do Sul e região norte do Estado do Paraná, gerando assim uma significativa quantidade de RSS. Para analisar o gerenciamento interno nos estabelecimentos geradores, foram elaborados e aplicados questionários em seis hospitais e sete laboratórios e no ambulatório da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia – UNESP Campus de Presidente Prudente, abordando uma série de questões sobre: adoção de classificação para a realização da segregação, acondicionamento, armazenamento temporário, formas empregadas de coleta e transporte interno, segurança ocupacional, implantação do Plano de Gerenciamento de Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde, dificuldades na elaboração deste plano e existência do mesmo. Diante destes dados foi efetuada uma avaliação com base na RDC nº. 306/04 da ANVISA, buscando traçar um panorama do gerenciamento interno dos RSS nestes estabelecimentos. / This work has analysed the aspects of the management and the internal and external management of the HCW in the city of President Prudente. The accomplishment of the work coincided with an intense period of negotiations between the generating establishments and the responsible company for the public cleanness in the search for a better alternative for the solution of the problem. The city possesss a centraliser character, offering innumerable services in the medical area, making use of hospitals, laboratories and other establishments that they attract beyond the local inhabitants, people from cities the closest and even though of other States such as: south region of the Mato Grosso do Sul and northern of Paraná, generating a significant amount of HCW. To analyze the internal management in the generating establishments, questionnaires were elaborated and applied in six hospitals and seven laboratories and the clinic of the College of Sciences and Technology - UNESP Campus of President Prudente, approaching a serie of questions on: adoption of classification for the accomplishment of the segregation, preservation, temporary storage, used forms of collection and internal transport, occupational security, implantation of the Plan of Management of Healthcare Waste, difficulties in the elaboration of this plan and existence of it. Faced with these data the RDC was effected an evaluation on the basis of nº. 306/04 of ANVISA, tracing a panorama of the internal management of the HCW in these establishments. Moreover, aspects referred to the external management of the HCW adopted in the city had also been referred analyzed, such as: collection and transport, used technologies of treatment and analysis of external residues disposal place.

Magister Artium - MA / The oil industry is growing increasingly aware of its serious image problem. There is a growing awareness of the systematic abuses of people and the environment inherent in the production, processing and marketing of petroleum. (Rowell, 1997). From the Club of Rome to the Bruntland Report to Rio De Janeiro and Johannesburg Earth Summits, increased pressure on the oil industry has been witnessed. Pressure has mounted to, in particular, start managing the industry’s impact on the environment. It was the first pictures of earth from space, which revealed the view of the limited “spaceship earth”, after which Garrett Hardin’s seminal article, entitled ‘The Tragedy of the Commons’ triggered an understanding of the close links between the environment and our economic activity in 1974, Daniel Yergin (1991) argues. Today the oil industry is facing ‘peak oil’ (the point in time when the maximum rate of petroleum extraction will be reached) and the looming fallout from environmental damage costs and disasters (Clyde,1996). It has been argued by Brain Clyde (1996) that the emergence of notions of ‘sustainable development’ and practice in the context of the oil industry, reifies global capitalism as the liberating and protecting force (Clyde, 1996). This thesis sets out to explore these notions of sustainable development and the ways in which they challenge (or not) the foundations of knowledge around environmentally ethical behaviour amongst large oil companies and the manner in which they manage, in particular, used oil. There is a growing body of research contained in the fields of Political Ecology and Industrial Ecology that points to the need for blame to be placed between multinational oil companies and national governments for failing in their mandate to protect the environment (Africa Institute, 2013 and Danida, 2012). This thesis argues that used oil management is not only the responsibility of oil companies but also that of national governments and suppliers in the general public. If the role of national governments is to create enabling conditions for the development of “fit for purpose” waste policy and regulations in order to lead or track “best practices” in used oil management, this thesis shows that more often than not, policy has either failed in practice or has not been developed owing to a lack of political will. The prospects for implementation of best practices typically speak to concepts of recycling, reuse and proper disposal in terms of Lansink’s Ladder (1979) concept (He was a Dutch member of parliament who presented a schematic presentation of the order of preference for waste management options, with disposal at the bottom and prevention at the top) of the “waste hierarchy” with which this study engages (Gertsakis and Lewis, 2003). The waste management hierarchy supports the approaches taken in studies in the field of Industrial Ecology which suggest practice-based solutions to waste oil and policy development. This thesis explores four contexts of waste management in Africa, focusing on comparisons between policy and practice in sites that I have worked at in Kenya, Mozambique, Namibia and relates these to South Africa. Waste management infrastructure to support used oil management is largely in poor shape or non-existent, whilst the gap between waste management policy and legislation and actual waste management practices appears to be widening. This is mainly due to ongoing capacity constraints or non-existence of waste management facilities for the different waste streams. As result of industrialization, urbanization and modernization of agriculture in Africa waste generation is expected to increase significantly. My interest in this research, and the major intention of this study came from my personal experience working as an environmental specialist in the petroleum industry, where I have witnessed poor waste oil practices as a result of inadequate infrastructural or waste disposal options. Exacerbating the problem, as I argue in the study, are poorly defined waste management policy/regulations with consequential severe environmental and health degradation.