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Exploring impacts and effectiveness of the City of Cape Town’s interventions on household water use practices during the droughtMatikinca, Phikolomzi 16 March 2020 (has links)
The occurrence of water crises in many parts of the world raises the need to consider more efficient and sustainable consumption of water resources. As such, many cities have prioritised water demand management strategies, which are based on price and non-price mechanisms. The literature shows no consensus as to which of these measures are most effective for managing residential water demand. To understand the impact and effectiveness of these mechanisms, there is a need to understand how people respond to them. This requires understanding materials, meanings and competences (skills and know how) that people have, which constitute elements of social practice. In 2017 and 2018, the City of Cape Town (CoCT) ramped up their price and non-price mechanisms to encourage people to save water in response to a severe drought. These mechanisms included water restrictions, increased water tariffs, and the Day Zero communication campaign. However, little is known about how effective these measures were at encouraging people to save water. There is no clear documentation of how the public understands, interprets and incorporates these mechanisms into their own household water use practices. This study explores the impacts and effectiveness of the City of Cape Town’s price and non-price mechanisms on household water use practices during the water crisis. Using information obtained through semi-structured interviews with 20 individuals living in houses where they paid their water bills, a version of social practice theory is used as a lens to understand how respondents interpreted and responded to these mechanisms when it comes to residential water use practices. This allows for an assessment of which of the CoCT’s actions are more effective in achieving sustainable water use practices. Results show that price mechanisms (water tariffs) were considered to be ineffective and did not encourage people to save water. Non-price mechanisms (water restrictions and Day Zero communication campaign) were seen as having more impact on respondents, encouraging water conservation behaviour; especially when it comes to household indoor water use activities related to hygiene. Compared to other studies which have used estimates for the water demand function, this study conducted interviews directly with households on the impact of the mechanisms. This enabled this study to explain how and why household water use practices change in response to these measures. Such qualitative information is important and contributes to a field that often uses quantitative data to suggest whether price or non-price mechanisms are effective.
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A proactive water supply shortage response plan focusing on the Green Industry in the Rand Water supply areaHoy, Leslie Higham 01 1900 (has links)
Water is a symbol of life. It affects all organisms on earth and its importance is emphasised in times of drought. The human population growth places more demands on our natural resources. As pressures on the available water increases, more measures are required to utilise water sustainably. South Africa is classified as a water stressed country with less than 1700 cubic meters of water available per person per year. Rand Water supplies water to approximately 11 million people in Gauteng. During times of drought, restrictions imposed are aimed mainly at the broader Green Industry. This research investigated international strategies, existing restrictions in Gauteng, and undertook a survey within the Green Industry to determine the most appropriate response. This research proposes a new water supply shortage response plan for Rand Water in Gauteng with a total of four levels of restrictions implemented at different stages of water stress in the system. / Environmental Sciences / M. Sc. (Environmental Management)
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A proactive water supply shortage response plan focusing on the Green Industry in the Rand Water supply areaHoy, Leslie Higham 01 1900 (has links)
Water is a symbol of life. It affects all organisms on earth and its importance is emphasised in times of drought. The human population growth places more demands on our natural resources. As pressures on the available water increases, more measures are required to utilise water sustainably. South Africa is classified as a water stressed country with less than 1700 cubic meters of water available per person per year. Rand Water supplies water to approximately 11 million people in Gauteng. During times of drought, restrictions imposed are aimed mainly at the broader Green Industry. This research investigated international strategies, existing restrictions in Gauteng, and undertook a survey within the Green Industry to determine the most appropriate response. This research proposes a new water supply shortage response plan for Rand Water in Gauteng with a total of four levels of restrictions implemented at different stages of water stress in the system. / Environmental Sciences / M. Sc. (Environmental Management)
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A comparative evaluation of water supply perceptions and overall stewardship in Hammaskraal amd AttridgevilleMthimunye, Keitumetse 12 1900 (has links)
This research focused on evaluating and comparing the perceptions, water-use
behaviour, water conservation awareness and overall water stewardship of participants
residing in Hammanskraal and Atteridgeville who have experienced intermittent water
supply in their domestic households – due to either water contamination incidents caused
by dilapidated infrastructure or water restrictions implemented by the City of Tshwane
Metropolitan Municipality during the 2016–2017 drought in the Gauteng Province. The
research concluded that the municipality needs to implement proactive water
conservation awareness initiatives on an ongoing basis to reduce high water demands
and to create a culture of water stewardship, especially in Atteridgeville. Transparent
communication is also required from the municipality to instil the necessary trust among
the public. It is recommended that the municipality attends to water leaks and ongoing
complaints from the public timeously to reduce the current apathy from the public against
reporting water-related issues and to ultimately ensure compliance to water restrictions. / Hierdie navorsing fokus op die evaluering en vergelyking van deelnemers wat in
Hammanskraal
en
Atteridgeville
woon
se
persepsies,
waterverbruiksgedrag,
waterbewaringsbewustheid
en
algehele
waterrentmeesterskap,
wat
onderbroke
watervoorsiening
in
hulle
huishoudings
ervaar
het
–
as
gevolg
van
waterbesoedelingsvoorvalle
wat
deur
vervalle
infrastruktuur
veroorsaak
is
en
waterbeperkings wat deur die Stad Tshwane Metropolitaanse Munisipaliteit gedurende
die 2016 tot 2017-droogte in Gauteng ingestel is. Die navorsing het tot die gevolgtrekking
gekom dat die munisipaliteit proaktiewe waterbewaringsbewustheidsinisiatiewe op ’n
deurlopende grondslag moet implementeer om hoë wateraanvraag te verminder en ’n
kultuur van waterrentmeesterskap, veral in Atteridgeville,
te skep. Deursigtige
kommunikasie word ook van die munisipaliteit vereis om die nodige vertroue by die
publiek te kweek. Daar word aanbeveel dat die munisipaliteit betyds aandag aan
waterlekkasies en deurlopende klagtes van die publiek sal gee om die huidige
onverskilligheid van die publiek by die aanmeld van waterverwante aangeleenthede te
verminder en om uiteindelik te verseker dat die publiek die waterbeperkings eerbiedig. / Patlisiso ena e ne e tsepame hodima ho lekola le ho bapisa maikutlo, boitshwaro ba
tshebediso ya metsi, tsebo ka poloko ya metsi le tlhokomelo e akaretsang ya metsi ke
bankakarolo ba dulang Hammanskraal le Atteridgeville ba bileng le phepelo ya metsi e
kgaohang malapeng a bona – e ka ba ka lebaka la diketsahalo tsa tshilafatso ya metsi e
bakilweng ke dipeipi tse senyehileng kapa ho kgaolwa ha metsi ho kentsweng
tshebetsong ke Masepala wa Motsemoholo wa Metropolitan wa Tshwane nakong ya
komello ya 2016–2017 porofenseng ya Gauteng. Patlisiso e fumane hore masepala o
hloka ho kenya tshebetsong matsholo a ho atisa tsebo ka poloko ya metsi ka mokgwa o
tswellang e le ho fokotsa tlhokeho e phahameng ya metsi le ho theha ditlwaelo tsa
tlhokomelo ya metsi, haholo ho la Atteridgeville. Ho boetse ho hlokeha puisano e
hlakileng e nang le ponaletso ho tswa ho masepala e le hore setjhaba se be le tshepo ho
ona. Ho kgothaletswa hore masepala a sebetsane le diketsahalo tsa ho dutla ha metsi le
ditletlebo tse tswellang tse tswang ho setjhaba ka potlako e le ho fokotsa maikutlo a ho
tsotelle a tswang ho setjhaba mabapi le ho tlaleha mathata a amanang le metsi le ho
netefatsa hore batho ba latela melawana ya phokotso ya metsi. / Geography / M. Sc. (Geography)
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