Liquid crystal display is the most valuable and universal produce of the electric monitor presently. Due to the non-luminant display device, it must use the light source of the backlight module to reach display effect . In backlight module field , it is focus on the even distribution of the light source and the perfect appearance without any defect occurrence. Besides, the existence of film waving will cause the bad phenomenon .To improve and avoid the defect occurrence,through the workable analysis experiment can find the real element progressively . In the experiment , we will focus on the characteristic of the film material and each material¡¦s dimension which analyze by BM-7 and Nieo LCD analyzer,etc. According to angle orientation.From the result,we can realize that the stronger structure material and larger heat capacity of Diffusion Film, will decrease the expand and shrink for temperature , and film waving caused by temperature changing, which may resolve the film waving effectively.

Submitted by Renata de Oliveira Rodrigues null (reor25@hotmail.com) on 2018-04-19T17:14:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Renata de O Rodrigues.pdf: 1121593 bytes, checksum: f2f5c6c094386aad0d3588ad17d9d37b (MD5) / Rejected by Luciana Pizzani null (luciana@btu.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: problema 1: linhas numeradas Retirar a numeração das linhas que aparece no lado esquerdo da tese. Assim que tiver efetuado a correção submeta o arquivo em PDF novamente. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2018-04-19T17:44:14Z (GMT) / Submitted by Renata de Oliveira Rodrigues null (reor25@hotmail.com) on 2018-04-19T18:00:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Renata de O Rodrigues repositorio.pdf: 717298 bytes, checksum: fb6ce910e2160cddb712cc0981ad996e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Pizzani null (luciana@btu.unesp.br) on 2018-04-19T18:14:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 rodrigues_ro_dr_bot.pdf: 717298 bytes, checksum: fb6ce910e2160cddb712cc0981ad996e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-19T18:14:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rodrigues_ro_dr_bot.pdf: 717298 bytes, checksum: fb6ce910e2160cddb712cc0981ad996e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / M. burgersi e M. mordax são espécies-irmãs, isto é, espécies muito similares morfologicamente ou quase indistinguíveis, mas que possuem características biológicas específicas e não se intercruzam. Apesar de serem bastante próximas, as duas espécies apresentam diferentes graus de tolerância em manguezais. M. burgersi é frequentemente encontrada em áreas abertas de manguezais próximas a boca do estuário, onde existe uma maior influência da água marinha, enquanto M. mordax é frequentemente encontrada em areas com maior cobertura vegetal próximo à montante, onde a água doce possui maior influência. Resultados de análises genéticas obtidos em um projeto Capes/DAAD de cooperação internacional (PROBRAL #D/08/11624 – Programa de Cooperação entre Brasil e Alemanha) mostraram que populações de M. mordax da Costa Rica, Pará e São Paulo são geneticamente muito diferentes, enquanto as populações de M. mordax e M. burgersi encontradas no litoral de São Paulo são bastante semelhantes, tanto em aspectos genéticos quanto nos morfológicos. A partir desses resultados, os autores sugeriram um possível erro de identificação entre essas espécies, sendo as espécies de M. mordax do litoral de São Paulo prováveis morfotipos de M. burgersi. Com isso, o presente estudo, que integra um projeto sequência (PROBRAL #391/13), teve por objetivo avaliar os aspectos filogenéticos, comportamentais e ecológicos de Minuca burgersi e Minuca mordax. A tese foi dividida em três capítulos. O primeiro capítulo teve por objetivo apresentar a filogenia das espécies irmãs. O comportamento reprodutivo dos machos (aceno), que em muitas espécies é ultizado para identificação interespecífica, foi alvo do estudo no segundo capítulo. O terceiro e último capítulo abordou aspectos ecológicos das duas espécies, comparando a tolerância térmica das duas espécies, assim como observações em capo do comportamento de acordo com a temperatura. / M. burgersi and M. mordax are exemples of sibling species, as they are almost indistinguishable or very similar, but they have specific biological traits and interbreeding do not occurs. Although they are closely related, these two species show different environment tolerances. M. burgersi is often found in mangrove open areas close to the estuary mouth, where there is a high influence of salt water, while M. mordax is often found in vegetated areas close to upstream, where there is a high influence of fresh water. A previous project Capes/DAAD (PROBRAL #D/08/11624 – Cooperation program between Brazil and Germany) showed high genetic distance between M. mordax populations from Costa Rica, Pará and São Paulo, the last two located in Brazil, whilst São Paulo populations of M. mordax and M. burgersi were genetically similar. Then, authors suggested a possible misidentification between these species, in which M. mordax populations from São Paulo could be a morphotype of M. burgersi. Thereby, the goal of the present work, which is part of another project PROBRAL (#391/13), is to evaluate genetic, behavioral and ecological traits of Minuca burgersi and Minuca mordax. The thesis was divided in three chapters: the first one presents a study of genetic populations, considering Brazilian and Costa Rica populations; the second presents a behavior study, which are represented by male waving behavior, an important trait to identify species; and the last chapter presents a ecological study, which was a comparison of thermal tolerance between species, as well as fiel observations about crabs behavior according to environment temperature. / Capes: 1491495 / Capes/DAAD: 15059/13-8

Orientador: Tânia Marcia Costa / Resumo: M. burgersi e M. mordax são espécies-irmãs, isto é, espécies muito similares morfologicamente ou quase indistinguíveis, mas que possuem características biológicas específicas e não se intercruzam. Apesar de serem bastante próximas, as duas espécies apresentam diferentes graus de tolerância em manguezais. M. burgersi é frequentemente encontrada em áreas abertas de manguezais próximas a boca do estuário, onde existe uma maior influência da água marinha, enquanto M. mordax é frequentemente encontrada em areas com maior cobertura vegetal próximo à montante, onde a água doce possui maior influência. Resultados de análises genéticas obtidos em um projeto Capes/DAAD de cooperação internacional (PROBRAL #D/08/11624 – Programa de Cooperação entre Brasil e Alemanha) mostraram que populações de M. mordax da Costa Rica, Pará e São Paulo são geneticamente muito diferentes, enquanto as populações de M. mordax e M. burgersi encontradas no litoral de São Paulo são bastante semelhantes, tanto em aspectos genéticos quanto nos morfológicos. A partir desses resultados, os autores sugeriram um possível erro de identificação entre essas espécies, sendo as espécies de M. mordax do litoral de São Paulo prováveis morfotipos de M. burgersi. Com isso, o presente estudo, que integra um projeto sequência (PROBRAL #391/13), teve por objetivo avaliar os aspectos filogenéticos, comportamentais e ecológicos de Minuca burgersi e Minuca mordax. A tese foi dividida em três capítulos. O primeiro capítulo teve po... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: M. burgersi and M. mordax are exemples of sibling species, as they are almost indistinguishable or very similar, but they have specific biological traits and interbreeding do not occurs. Although they are closely related, these two species show different environment tolerances. M. burgersi is often found in mangrove open areas close to the estuary mouth, where there is a high influence of salt water, while M. mordax is often found in vegetated areas close to upstream, where there is a high influence of fresh water. A previous project Capes/DAAD (PROBRAL #D/08/11624 – Cooperation program between Brazil and Germany) showed high genetic distance between M. mordax populations from Costa Rica, Pará and São Paulo, the last two located in Brazil, whilst São Paulo populations of M. mordax and M. burgersi were genetically similar. Then, authors suggested a possible misidentification between these species, in which M. mordax populations from São Paulo could be a morphotype of M. burgersi. Thereby, the goal of the present work, which is part of another project PROBRAL (#391/13), is to evaluate genetic, behavioral and ecological traits of Minuca burgersi and Minuca mordax. The thesis was divided in three chapters: the first one presents a study of genetic populations, considering Brazilian and Costa Rica populations; the second presents a behavior study, which are represented by male waving behavior, an important trait to identify species; and the last chapter presents a ecological study... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The root system architecture of higher plants plays an essential role in the uptake of water and nutrients as well as the production of hormones. These root systems are highly branched with the formation of post-embryonic organs such as lateral roots. The initiation and development of lateral roots has been well defined. WAG1 and WAG2 are protein-serine/threonine kinases from Arabidopsis that are closely related to PINOID and suppress root waving. The wag1;wag2 double mutants exhibit a strong root waving phenotype on vertical hard agar plates only seen in wild-type roots when the seedlings are grown on inclined plates. Here an additional root phenotype in the wag1;wag2 mutant is reported. The wag1;wag2 double mutant displays both an increased total number and density of emerged lateral roots (approximately 1.5-fold). An increased LRP density of 1.5-fold over wild-type is observed. To ascertain the role of WAG1 and WAG2 in lateral root development we examined promoter activity in the WAG1::GUS and WAG2::GUS lines. The WAG1 promoter showed no detectable activity at any stage of development. The WAG2 promoter was active in stage IV onward, however there was no detectable activity in the cell types associated with initiation events. The lateral root density and spatial patterning in wild-type, when grown on inclined hard agar plates, was similar to wag1;wag2 on vertical plates. Seedlings of both genotypes were treated with hormones such as auxin and MeJA, and inhibitors. Auxin response in wag1;wag2 was normal with a similar number of LR as the wild-type after treatment. Treatment with MeJA resulted in a similar induction of LRP in both genotypes, however the percent lateral root emergence in wag1;wag2 was reduced while Col-0 was increased compared to controls. Treatment with the calcium blocker tetracaine resulted in wag1;wag2 displaying a wild-type level of LR but had no significant effect on wild-type. Genetic analysis of the wag1;wag2 LR pathway revealed that WAG1 and WAG2 are acting in the same pathway as AUX1, AXR1and PGM1. pgm1-1 was not previously reported to have a LR defect but showed decreased LR formation here, while pgm1;wag1;wag2 had a similar LR density to wag1;wag2. TIR7 and ARG1 were both deduced to operate in separate pathways from WAG1 and WAG2. The data presented here shows that the wag1;wag2 double mutant has an increased number of LR compared to Col-0. This defect appears to be caused by increased pre-initiation events and seems to be tied to the root waving phenotype. However, the treatment with MeJA revealed a possible role for WAG1 or WAG2 in LRP development, potentially under stress conditions. Calcium also seems to play a significant role in the wag1;wag2 LR phenotype, possibly independent of the root waving phenotype.