While most people would agree that economic development is an important goal, and understanding of exactly what "economic development" implies, and how to achieve it, are considerably more elusive. Specifically, this paper addresses the concern about whether very small-scale "grassroots-style" development projects for producers--especially petty artisans--really have the potential to make a positive impact on an ailing economy. A case study of a textile weavers' project in rural northern Chuquisaca, Bolivia, among the Jalq's (Quechua-speaking) ethnic group, is presented in detail. The local-level organizations, known as "workshops", which administer this project are analysed along with economic data from households, in order to determine both the advantages of such a project for rural women weavers, and the project's limitations. The implications of a form of organization in which local-level organizations share administrative duties with a larger support organization--in this case, the Sucre-based Antropologos del Surandino (ASUR)--are also discussed. The gains and potential gains made by weavers and their households as a result of this project are not overwhelming, yet they are valuable steps toward increased empowerment and an expansion of economic and social options for the Jalq'a.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1997. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 204-210). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1997. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 204-210). Also available on the Internet.

O trabalho investiga o tema da criação artística em contos brasileiros do século XX por meio da retomada da figura mítica da fiandeira e também indaga de que maneira tal diálogo intertextual com o mito pode ampliar as possibilidades de leitura dos textos em análise. Para tratar tal questão, o recorte apoia-se em narrativas em que a imagem mítica da tecelã é reelaborada como criadora de textos, de receitas culinárias, de tecidos artísticos urdidos em teares modernos, ainda que em constante diálogo com o mito. A pesquisa busca revelar, em um primeiro momento, uma reatualização do mito das tecedeiras em narrativas específicas da literatura brasileira, a saber: A Moça Tecelã (2009), de Marina Colasanti, Desenredo e A vela ao diabo (2001), de Guimarães Rosa, Colheita (1997), de Nélida Pinõn, Penélope (1998) e Ponto de Crochê (2009), de Dalton Trevisan. Por meio da análise comparativa, pretendemos mapear os ecos míticos e intertextuais que dispõem esses textos numa expressiva teia (temático-formal), pois todas as narrativas selecionadas discutem o ato criativo e as referências à tecelagem, embora respondam de maneiras diferentes a essas questões. / This work analyzes the theme of artistic creation in Brazilian short novel in the 20th century through the resumption of the weaver mythical figure and also inquires how this intertextual dialogue with the myth can increase the reading possibilities of the text analyzed. The research seeks to reveal, in the first moment, a revision of the myth of the weavers in specific narratives of Brazilian literature: A Moça Tecelã (2009), of Marina Colasanti, Desenredo and A vela ao diabo (2001), of Guimarães Rosa, Colheita (1997), of Nélida Pinõn, Penélope (1998) and Ponto de Crochê (2009), of Dalton Trevisan. In order to develop this question, the corpus chosen discusses the mythical image of the weaver as breeder of texts, recipes and artistic tissues weaved in modern looms, even if still keeps constant dialogue with the mythical sources. Through de comparative analyses, we intend to map the mythical and intertextual echoes that order these texts in an expressive web (thematic and formal), because all the selected narratives discuss the creative act and the weaving process, although reply in different ways to those questions.

No description available.

The aim of this study was to investigate how selected municipalities’ use social media, with a focus on how they are working to increase the dialogue between municipalities’ and residents. To answer the purpose of the study three questions has been formulated: how do the communicators use social media in their daily work? What opportunities and challenges are the municipalities’ experiencing with Facebook? How do they work with Facebook to increase dialogue with citizens? The theories that has been used in this study is Cutlip’s and Grunig’s public relations theories, Shannon and weavers communication model, Cutlip’s and Heath’s theory of issue management and Jenkins theory of convergence culture. The method that has been used in this study is qualitative semi-structured interviews and the analysis is done with a thematic text analysis. The material of this study contained interviews of four communicator officers that are responsible for social media in the municipalities’.    The results of the semi-structured interviews showed that the communicator officers used social media to quickly, easily and cheaply connect many citizens in comparison with the traditional media. The biggest opportunity with Facebook for municipalities’ was to improve issue management by spreading the information faster and have an improved dialog with the citizens. The biggest challenge was to think more strategically how to enhance the use of Facebook. The communicator officers try to invite citizens to dialogue by presenting information that citizens want comment and debate about. Municipalities’ also will have meetings with PR agencies to improve the dialog with the citizens in Facebook.

This study identifies intra- and inter-organisational barriers to commercialisation 0f rural weavers in KwaZulu-Natal and evaluate the role of local networks in procurement, processing and marketing activities in order to reduce transaction costs. The study specifically investigates the way local networks a san alternative organisational mode can become a solution to minimise transaction costs of rural weavers. The expectation is that weaving groups incur less transaction costs during commercialisation when they have well established local networks. This follows as transaction costs give a reflection of the market given the operating environment. The access to market information, assets, extension services and remunerative markets is of commercial importance. An exploratory analysis suggests that existing networks in craft businesses in northern KwaZulu-Natal have an impact in reducing some of the transaction costs of weavers, thereby improving weavers' economic performance and commercialisation process. Local networks have therefore shown to be not only a pre-condition for non-local networks, but an important vehicle for information exchange, co-ordination of fragmented activities, conducting training services, and guarding against market failures for weavers. However, the two fundamental questions to be asked for future research are how to create local networks to improve supply chain functions in similar or different socio-economic settings to this study's cases and how to assure the sustainability of networks. / Dissertation (Magister Institutionis Agrariae)--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development / unrestricted

Spider attachrnentdisc silk fibers are spun into a viscous liquid that rapidly solidifies, gluing dragline silk fibers to substrates for locomotion or web construction. Here we report the identification and artificial spinning of a novel attachment disc glue silk fibroin, Pyriform Spidroin 2 (PySp2), from the golden orb weaver Nephila c/avipes. MS studies support PySp2 is a constituent of the pyriform gland that is spun into attachment discs. Analysis of the PySp2 protein architecture reveals sequence divergence relative to the other silk family members, including the cob weaver glue silk fibroin PySpl. PySp2 contains internal block repeats that consist of two sub-repeat units: one dominated by Ser, Gin and Ala, the other Pro-rich. Artificial spinning of recombinant PySp2 truncations shows that the Ser-Gln-Ala-rich sub-repeat is sufficient for the assembly of polymeric subunits and subsequent fiber formation. These studies support that both orb- and cob-weaving spiders have evolved highly polar block-repeat sequence with the ability to self-assemble into fibers, suggesting a strategy to allow fiber fabrication in the liquid environment of the attachment discs.

Este trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo principal analizar la participación de la mujer tejedora en el proceso de producción de arte textil en el Perú. Asimismo, busca analizar el contexto en el que se desarrolla esta labor, y por último comparar la contribución de los centros de emprendimiento y difusión entre Bolivia y el Perú, países con mayor actividad textil y contextos similares, y posteriormente, entre los principales departamentos del Perú con mayor cantidad de artesanos textiles. Para ello, se utilizaron métodos de investigación cuantitativos y cualitativos. En el primero, se recopiló información de tesis, diarios, e informes de instituciones públicas. Y, en el segundo, se realizó un análisis de manera descriptiva y evaluativa, a un grupo de tejedoras perteneciente a una ONG “Ayllu Ruwasunchis”, ubicada en Pachacámac, a través de una investigación de campo. Por último, se encontró que, en el Perú, las tejedoras se muestran como una incógnita para el consumidor final debido a la presencia de intermediarios. Estos se aprovechan de sus carencias y les proponen precios bajos para luego difundirlos en espacios lujosos, a un consumidor de nivel socioeconómico “A” a precios elevados. Por otro lado, los espacios para promover su emprendimiento y venta están centralizados en las regiones de Cusco y Puno, debido al su gran alcance de materia prima, artesanos textiles, y alto flujo turístico. Sin embargo, Huancavelica, el tercer departamento con mayor cantidad de artesanos, no cuenta con espacios emprendimiento permanentes para la promoción y desarrollo de sus capacidades, y tiene casi en su totalidad espacios de venta informales, y los que son formales se alejan del trato directo entre tejedora y consumidor final. / The main focus of this research is to analyze the participation of women weavers in the textile art production process in Peru. It also seeks to analyze the context in which this work is developed, and finally to compare the contribution of the centers of entrepreneurship and diffusion between Bolivia and Peru, countries with greater textile activity and similar contexts,and later, between the main departments of Peru with the greatest number of textile artisans. As well, quantitative, and qualitative research methods were used. At first, information was gathered from theses, newspapers, and reports from public institutions. And then, a descriptive and evaluative analysis was made of a group of weavers belonging to an NGO "Ayllu Ruwasunchis", located in Pachacámac, through field research. Finally, it was found that, in Peru, weavers are an unknown quantity for the final consumer due to the presence of intermediaries. These people take advantage of their shortcomings and propose low prices and then sell them in luxurious spaces to a consumer of socioeconomic level "A" at high prices. On the other hand, the spaces to promote their entrepreneurship and sale are centralized in Cusco and Puno, due to their large supply of raw materials, textile artisans, and high tourist flow. However, Huancavelica is the third department with the largest number of artisans and doesn’t have permanent spaces for the promotion and development of their skills, and only has informal sales spaces. / Trabajo de investigación

This thesis explores the Churchill Weavers stereocards housed at the Kentucky Historical Society and Berea College based on visual analysis. By examining the stereocards as advertisements and comparing them to a series of short films created by the company, I will discuss how the Churchill Weavers created a brand that emphasized both an image of traditional American rural production and modern urban consumption. I will further discuss how the marketing strategies used by the Churchill Weavers exemplify a larger trend in American advertising in the years following World War Two.