The teacher has a notable legal duty with regard to attentive supervision and the safety of the pupils in the workshop. It is expected of the professionally trained workshop teacher to look after the pupil placed in his care as conscientiously as a solicitous father would. The teacher's discretion and conduct should always be based on predictable and preventative action. Because pupils cannot possibly have the discernment of adults about more and Jess dangerous situations, the teacher should make provision for this factor in. his daily planning. Juridical aspects such as solicitous care, predictable and preventative action, in addition to the elements of accountability such as action, illegality, guilt, causality and damage demarcate and elucidate the daily task of the workshop teacher, who should ascertain that he is familiar with all these aspects. Because of this, a literature research on this matter has been undertaken. The aim of the empirical research has been to determine the present state of knowledge of the workshop teacher regarding to certain educational law aspects and the teacher's solicitous supervising role concerning pupil safety. A case study with appropriate questions on juridical teaching matters has been used to determine if the workshop teacher is capable of applying in practice, during normal situations, those juridical instructions which apply directly to his profession. By means of this empirical study the following problems were identified: • The respondents revealed an ignorance with regard to the following characteristic behaviour traits of pupils: impulsiveness, recklessness, disobedience, inconsiderate motion and disadvantage-causing behaviour. • A large number of respondents were not capable of applying their knowledge of juridical teaching matters in a case study. Specific recommendations have been made which should lead to a more sound prepared workshop teacher for his task as solicitous supervisor of his pupils' safety. / Skripsie (MEd)--PU vir CHO, 1994

The teacher has a notable legal duty with regard to attentive supervision and the safety of the pupils in the workshop. It is expected of the professionally trained workshop teacher to look after the pupil placed in his care as conscientiously as a solicitous father would. The teacher's discretion and conduct should always be based on predictable and preventative action. Because pupils cannot possibly have the discernment of adults about more and Jess dangerous situations, the teacher should make provision for this factor in. his daily planning. Juridical aspects such as solicitous care, predictable and preventative action, in addition to the elements of accountability such as action, illegality, guilt, causality and damage demarcate and elucidate the daily task of the workshop teacher, who should ascertain that he is familiar with all these aspects. Because of this, a literature research on this matter has been undertaken. The aim of the empirical research has been to determine the present state of knowledge of the workshop teacher regarding to certain educational law aspects and the teacher's solicitous supervising role concerning pupil safety. A case study with appropriate questions on juridical teaching matters has been used to determine if the workshop teacher is capable of applying in practice, during normal situations, those juridical instructions which apply directly to his profession. By means of this empirical study the following problems were identified: • The respondents revealed an ignorance with regard to the following characteristic behaviour traits of pupils: impulsiveness, recklessness, disobedience, inconsiderate motion and disadvantage-causing behaviour. • A large number of respondents were not capable of applying their knowledge of juridical teaching matters in a case study. Specific recommendations have been made which should lead to a more sound prepared workshop teacher for his task as solicitous supervisor of his pupils' safety. / Skripsie (MEd)--PU vir CHO, 1994

Proefskrif--PU vir CHO

Proefskrif--PU vir CHO

Die ontwikkeling van wetgewing vir die progressiewe verwesenliking van die reg op toegang tot voldoende voedsel, word as ʼn nasionale en internasionale doelwit bestempel. Artikel 27(2) van die Grondwet van die Republiek van Suid-Afrika, 1996 plaas ʼn mandaat op die Suid-Afrikaanse regering om redelike wetgewende en ander maatreëls te tref ten einde, binne sy beskikbare middele, die reg op toegang tot voldoende voedsel toenemend te verwesenlik. Die Verenigde Nasies se Food and Agricultural Organization stel ʼn drievlakstrategie vir die implementering van die reg op voedsel op nasionale wetgewende vlak voor, naamlik deur: grondwetlike erkenning, die implementering van ʼn voedselraamwerkwet en die hersiening van relevante sektorale wetgewing. Hierdie studie fokus op die laaste vlak van wetgewende voorsiening, naamlik die hersiening van sektorale wetgewing wat ʼn invloed het, of moontlik kan hê, op die verwesenliking van die reg op toegang tot voldoende voedsel. Die reg op toegang tot voldoende voedsel beskik oor multidimensionele, interdissiplinêre en kruissektorale eienskappe wat gevolglik verskeie sektore by die verwesenliking van die reg op toegang tot voldoende voedsel betrek. Die Food and Agricultural Organization is van mening dat die beoogde doelwit is om alle sektorale wetgewing wat moontlik ʼn invloed op die beskikbaarheid, stabiliteit, toeganklikheid en toereikendheid van voedsel kan uitoefen het, te identifiseer en te hersien aan die hand van ʼn voorgestelde hersieningsproses. Hierdie voorgestelde hersiening is gevolglik omvangryk en uiteenlopend en daarom word daar vir die doel van hierdie studie slegs op die hersiening van relevante omgewingsverwante wetgewing gefokus. Die Food and Agricultural Organization maak egter nie aanbevelings ten opsigte van die spesifieke aspekte wat in omgewingsverwante wetgewing vervat moet wees ten einde by te dra tot die toenemende verwesenliking van die reg op toegang tot voldoende voedsel nie (met ander woorde die aspekte waaraan omgewingsverwante wetgewing geëvalueer kan word). Daarom bevat hierdie studie saamgestelde hersieningsriglyne wat gebruik kan word by die hersiening van omgewingsverwante wetgewing. Die geselekteerde Suid-Afrikaanse wetgewing wat aan die Food and Agricultural Organization se hersieningsproses, asook die saamgestelde hersieningsriglyne in hierdie studie, onderwerp word, is: die Wet op Nasionale Omgewingsbestuur 107 van 1998; die Wet op die Bewaring van Landbouhulpbronne 43 van 1983 en die National Climate Change Response White Paper van 2011. / LLM (Environmental Law and Governance), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Die ontwikkeling van wetgewing vir die progressiewe verwesenliking van die reg op toegang tot voldoende voedsel, word as ʼn nasionale en internasionale doelwit bestempel. Artikel 27(2) van die Grondwet van die Republiek van Suid-Afrika, 1996 plaas ʼn mandaat op die Suid-Afrikaanse regering om redelike wetgewende en ander maatreëls te tref ten einde, binne sy beskikbare middele, die reg op toegang tot voldoende voedsel toenemend te verwesenlik. Die Verenigde Nasies se Food and Agricultural Organization stel ʼn drievlakstrategie vir die implementering van die reg op voedsel op nasionale wetgewende vlak voor, naamlik deur: grondwetlike erkenning, die implementering van ʼn voedselraamwerkwet en die hersiening van relevante sektorale wetgewing. Hierdie studie fokus op die laaste vlak van wetgewende voorsiening, naamlik die hersiening van sektorale wetgewing wat ʼn invloed het, of moontlik kan hê, op die verwesenliking van die reg op toegang tot voldoende voedsel. Die reg op toegang tot voldoende voedsel beskik oor multidimensionele, interdissiplinêre en kruissektorale eienskappe wat gevolglik verskeie sektore by die verwesenliking van die reg op toegang tot voldoende voedsel betrek. Die Food and Agricultural Organization is van mening dat die beoogde doelwit is om alle sektorale wetgewing wat moontlik ʼn invloed op die beskikbaarheid, stabiliteit, toeganklikheid en toereikendheid van voedsel kan uitoefen het, te identifiseer en te hersien aan die hand van ʼn voorgestelde hersieningsproses. Hierdie voorgestelde hersiening is gevolglik omvangryk en uiteenlopend en daarom word daar vir die doel van hierdie studie slegs op die hersiening van relevante omgewingsverwante wetgewing gefokus. Die Food and Agricultural Organization maak egter nie aanbevelings ten opsigte van die spesifieke aspekte wat in omgewingsverwante wetgewing vervat moet wees ten einde by te dra tot die toenemende verwesenliking van die reg op toegang tot voldoende voedsel nie (met ander woorde die aspekte waaraan omgewingsverwante wetgewing geëvalueer kan word). Daarom bevat hierdie studie saamgestelde hersieningsriglyne wat gebruik kan word by die hersiening van omgewingsverwante wetgewing. Die geselekteerde Suid-Afrikaanse wetgewing wat aan die Food and Agricultural Organization se hersieningsproses, asook die saamgestelde hersieningsriglyne in hierdie studie, onderwerp word, is: die Wet op Nasionale Omgewingsbestuur 107 van 1998; die Wet op die Bewaring van Landbouhulpbronne 43 van 1983 en die National Climate Change Response White Paper van 2011. / LLM (Environmental Law and Governance), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Thesis (MA)--Potchefstroomse Universiteit vir Christelike Hoer Onderwys, 1971

Thesis (MA)--Potchefstroomse Universiteit vir Christelike Hoer Onderwys, 1971

South Africa has the largest economy in Africa, with significant mining and metallurgical activities. A large fraction of the mineral assets is concentrated in the Bushveld Igneous Complex (BIC), with the western limb being the most exploited. Although the western BIC is considered to be an air pollution hotspot, inadequate air quality data currently exists for this area. To partially address this knowledge gap, a comprehensive air quality monitoring station was operated for more than two years at Marikana in the western BIC. Basic meteorological parameters, precipitation, Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD), trace gas concentrations (SO2, NO, NOx, O3, and CO), physical aerosol parameters (particle number and air ion size distributions, as well as aerosol light absorption) and total PM10 mass concentration were measured. Compared with South African and European ambient air quality standards, SO2, NO2 and CO concentrations were generally below the air quality standards, with average concentrations for the sampling period of 3.8ppb (9.9μg/m³), 8.5ppb (15.9μg/m³) and 230ppb (270μg/m³), respectively. The major source of SO2 was identified as high-stack industry emissions, while household combustion was identified as the predominant source of NO2 and CO. In contrast, O3 exceeded the eight-hour moving average standard (61ppb / 120μg/m³) 322 times per year. The main contributing factor was identified to be the influx of regional air masses, with high O3 precursor concentrations. PM10 exceeded the current South African 24-hour standard (120μg/m³) on average 6.6 times per year, the future 2015 standard (75μg/m³) 42.3 times per year and the European standard (50μg/m³) 120.2 times per year. The PM10 average concentration for the sampling period was 44μg/m³, which exceeded the current European and future (2015) South African annual average standard (40μg/m³), emphasising the PM pollution problem in the western BIC. The main source of PM10 was identified as household combustion. / Thesis (M.Sc. (Chemistry))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012

South Africa has the largest economy in Africa, with significant mining and metallurgical activities. A large fraction of the mineral assets is concentrated in the Bushveld Igneous Complex (BIC), with the western limb being the most exploited. Although the western BIC is considered to be an air pollution hotspot, inadequate air quality data currently exists for this area. To partially address this knowledge gap, a comprehensive air quality monitoring station was operated for more than two years at Marikana in the western BIC. Basic meteorological parameters, precipitation, Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD), trace gas concentrations (SO2, NO, NOx, O3, and CO), physical aerosol parameters (particle number and air ion size distributions, as well as aerosol light absorption) and total PM10 mass concentration were measured. Compared with South African and European ambient air quality standards, SO2, NO2 and CO concentrations were generally below the air quality standards, with average concentrations for the sampling period of 3.8ppb (9.9μg/m³), 8.5ppb (15.9μg/m³) and 230ppb (270μg/m³), respectively. The major source of SO2 was identified as high-stack industry emissions, while household combustion was identified as the predominant source of NO2 and CO. In contrast, O3 exceeded the eight-hour moving average standard (61ppb / 120μg/m³) 322 times per year. The main contributing factor was identified to be the influx of regional air masses, with high O3 precursor concentrations. PM10 exceeded the current South African 24-hour standard (120μg/m³) on average 6.6 times per year, the future 2015 standard (75μg/m³) 42.3 times per year and the European standard (50μg/m³) 120.2 times per year. The PM10 average concentration for the sampling period was 44μg/m³, which exceeded the current European and future (2015) South African annual average standard (40μg/m³), emphasising the PM pollution problem in the western BIC. The main source of PM10 was identified as household combustion. / Thesis (M.Sc. (Chemistry))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012