Thesis (M.S. in natural resource sciences)--Washington State University, December 2009. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Jan. 21, 2010). "Department of Natural Resource Sciences." Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Texas, Dec., 2009. / Title from title page display. Includes bibliographical references.

Captive carnivores pose a challenge for conservationists and institutions alike, presenting many problems that range from diseases to poor welfare and unsuccessful breeding. Available databases of captive populations are rich sources of information that can help determine which factors can affect breeding success and the real potential of these populations in conservation programmes. Some species, such as tigers Panthera tigris, seem to preserve in captivity the same reproductive parameters seen in wild animals, making captive individuals extremely useful in the research of reproductive biology, that can be applied in evolutionary and physiological studies of the order Carnivora. Specific reproductive characteristics, mainly connected with the altriciality of the young, can make some species more prone to lose young in captivity than others, and these factors must be taken into consideration when developing ex situ conservation programmes. Infant mortality in captivity seems to be primarily caused by inadequate maternal behaviour, which can be connected to biological factors as well as to individual characteristics such as origin and rearing methods. Maternal infanticide, either passive or active, is also affected by biological and ecological characteristics of the species, and there may be an effect of the origin of the females, i.e. if they were wildcaught or captive-born. Housing conditions and individual history affect infant mortality, with females that suffered transfer between institutions exhibiting lower breeding success. Also, institutions with thriving research programmes presented higher infant mortality overall, independently of their latitude or management system, which can indicate an effect of human interference. Further research, both in the wild and in captivity, is needed to fully understand the factors affecting breeding success of captive carnivores.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2006. Graduate Programme in Biology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 332-335). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR29507

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Rhode Island, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-129).

Submitted by ÁGHATA REGINA DE OLIVEIRA ALVES PALMEIRA null (gataegu@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-03-28T17:41:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação mestrado - Aghata R O A Palmeira.pdf: 2700462 bytes, checksum: b24495d6d208f380437b17f49034841c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ROSANGELA APARECIDA LOBO null (rosangelalobo@btu.unesp.br) on 2018-03-29T17:36:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 palmeira_aroa_me_bot.pdf: 2700462 bytes, checksum: b24495d6d208f380437b17f49034841c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-29T17:36:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 palmeira_aroa_me_bot.pdf: 2700462 bytes, checksum: b24495d6d208f380437b17f49034841c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A família Trypanosomatidae é constituída por diversas espécies de protozoários que causam doenças em humanos e outros animais. Destacam-se os protozoários Leishmania spp. causadores das leishmanioses e Trypanosoma spp. causadores da doença de Chagas. O cão doméstico é considerado o principal reservatório da leishmaniose no meio urbano, porém o homem e animais silvestres também podem ser infectados atuando como reservatórios de tripanossomatídeos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a ocorrência de Leishmania spp. e Trypanosoma spp. em amostras provenientes de animais silvestres atropelados, procedentes do estado de Santa Catarina pela técnica molecular de Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR), a fim de mapear e identificar áreas de risco para a infecção humana. Foram coletadas 1063 amostras de tecido pulmão, fígado, baço, pele e coração de 297 animais silvestres. Utilizou-se primers LITST/L5.8S e LITSV/L5.8SR para triagem da família Trypanosomatidae, onde 12 amostras de sete roedores foram positivas. Na pesquisa de L. infantum e T. cruzi foram utilizados primers específicos, LCS1/LCS3 e TCZ1/TCZ2 respectivamente, sendo todas as amostras foram negativas. O sequenciamento foi realizado a partir das amostras positivas e nove amostras apresentaram similaridade entre 79% a 100% com Trypanosoma brucei (GenBank KX700175.1), Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (GenBank XM_011780373.1), Trypanosoma vivax (GenBank HE573020.1), Trypanosoma rangeli (GenBank KJ742907.1) e com o gênero Trypanosoma. Os animais foram, Oxymycterus sp. (rato do brejo), Scapteromys sp. (rato d’ àgua), Nectomys squamipes (rato d’ àgua) e dois Oligoryzomys sp. (rato do mato). Verifica-se que a localização dos animais positivos foi próxima as atividades de indústria, comércio e lazer, permitindo o contato entre animais e homem, facilitando a manutenção de agentes infecciosos de caráter zoonótico. Os resultados aqui obtidos mostram a problemática da larga ocorrência de animais silvestres atropelados em nossas estradas, ao mesmo tempo em que enfatiza sobre o aproveitamento deste importante recurso biológico para o estudo da ocorrência ambiental de patógenos. / The family Trypanosomatidae consists several species of protozoans that cause diseases in humans and other animals. Leishmania spp. is responsible to cause leishmaniasis diseases and Trypanosoma cruzi cause Chagas disease. The domestic dog is considered the main reservoir of leishmaniasis, although wild animals can also be acting as reservoirs of trypanosomatids. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence of the Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma spp in samples from wild animals from Santa Catarina State, using the molecular technique Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), in order to map and identify risk areas for human infection. A total of 1,063 tissue samples of lung, liver, spleen, skin and heart of 297 wild animals. Primers (LITST / L5.8S and LITSV / L5.8SR) were used for screening of Trypanosomatidae family, with samples from seven rodents were positive. In the research of L. infantum and T. cruzi specific primers were used, where all the samples were used, LCS1 / LCS3 and TCZ1 / TCZ2 respectively, all of which were negative. Sequencing was performed from the positive samples and nine samples from five animals showed similarity between 79% to 100% with Trypanosoma brucei (GenBank KX700175.1), Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (GenBank XM_011780373.1), Trypanosoma vivax (GenBank HE573020.1), Trypanosoma rangeli (GenBank KJ742907.1) and the genus Trypanosoma spp. The animals were, Oxymycterus sp. (marsh rat), Scapteromys sp. (water rat), Nectomys squamipes (water rat) and two Oligoryzomys sp. (bush rat). It is found that the location of the positive animals were near to the activities of industry, market and recreation, allowing the contact between animals and man, facilitating the maintenance of agents of infectious zoonotic diseases. The results obtained here show the problem of the frequent occurrence of road-killed wild animals in our roads, while emphasizing the use of this important biological resource to study the environmental occurrence of pathogens. It is found that the location of the positive animals. / Fapesp: 2015/17519-4

This collection of papers comprises four sections. The first section deals with the helminth and arthropod parasites recovered from a variety of mammalian hosts, and consists of four chapters. The first chapter deals with the taxonomy of the parasites of mammalian hosts, where some 15 nematode species were either newly described, redescribed or descriptions amended, and the immature stages of an oestrid fly and the adults of two hippoboscid flies described. The second describes the seasonal occurrence of arthropod and helminth parasites recovered from approximately 1 380 antelope, scrub hares, warthogs and bushpigs. In the third chapter some miscellaneous natural and experimental findings of helminths in free-living hosts are presented, amongst others several new host-parasite associations and the proceedings of symposia, while the fourth chapter deals with the pathology of natural infections of impalas with Cooperiodes hepaticae, kudus with Elaeophora sagitta and buffaloes with Parafilaria bassoni. The second section deals with the parasites of freshwater fishes. In the taxonomic part of this section, Chapter 1, one trematode genus is redescribed, and one new trematode species and 14 new nematode species described. In the second chapter, the seasonal occurrence of the helminth parasites of approximately 700 freshwater fish representing 14 species is presented. The third part deals with the helminths of lizards, snakes and crocodiles, where a new Paraspirura species, a new Madathamugadia species and some 14 new species, subspecies and forms of subspecies of the oxyurid genera Spauligodon, Skrjabinodon, Thelandros and Tachygonetria were described. A comprehensive host-parasite list of snakes and lizards is included, as is an equally comprehensive host-parasite list of the pentastome parasites of crocodiles. In the fourth part, two new Tetrameres species are described and the population dynamics of guineafowls and Swainson’s spurfowl discussed. A complete list of the helminth parasites of guineafowls is listed, together with an extended host list of these parasites. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Veterinary Tropical Diseases / unrestricted

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:55:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 963021 bytes, checksum: 8a96a6bbb2cfe146519a1186ac062c91 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-08-15 / The Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA Brazilian Institute for the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources) recognize as legal activities the following purposes: Commercial, Scientific, Conservationist and Amateur. From those activities, only the amateur one will not be discussed in this study. In chapter one a geographic survey of the activity on national territory is made. The data used were supplied by the IBAMA, from the records performed between the years of 1976 and 2001. As a parameter, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was used to characterize the socioeconomic profile of the distribution of breeding sites. For this analysis, data supplied by Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE - Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistical) was used. Most wild fauna breeding sites, recorded at the IBAMA until 2001, showed significant percentage of the distribution associated with municipalities in which the service sector was predominant in the composition of GDP. It was also observed a higher concentration, of wild fauna breeding sites, on big and developed geographic regions of the country South and Southeast. The second chapter brings a revision of the Brazilians lawful diplomas related to the wild fauna. We looked forward, whenever was possible, to the official texts in chronologic sequence, for offer a vision of the evolution of these lawful devices. A relation of cause and consequence, between public politics intended to regulation of different categories of breeding sites and proliferation of these. In these considerations, not only the public politics were studied, the political framework as well as peculiarities of the different creations were sought to explain the founded behavior. However, according to the Brazilian social setting, there are questions about the execution capability of these. / O Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA) reconhece como legal as seguintes finalidades de criação: comercial, científica, conservacionista e amadorista esta última para passeriformes. Das categorias citadas, as três primeiras serão abordadas neste estudo, com o intuito de caracterizar o perfil socioeconômico da distribuição dos criadouros. Abordou-se a distribuição geográfica da atividade em associação com o PIB no território nacional. Para isto utilizou-se dados disponibilizados pelo IBAMA, referentes aos registros de criadouros efetuados entre os anos de 1976 e 2001, e a composição do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) municipal a partir de dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). A maioria dos criadouros de fauna silvestre, registrados junto ao IBAMA até o ano de 2001, estavam em municípios nos quais o setor de serviços foi predominante na composição do PIB. Observou-se também uma maior concentração dos criadouros nas grandes regiões geográficas mais desenvolvidas do país Sul e Sudeste. O segundo capítulo traz uma revisão dos diplomas legais brasileiros relativos à fauna silvestre. Buscou-se dispor, sempre que possível, os textos oficiais em seqüência cronológica, para assim oferecer uma visão da evolução destes dispositivos legais. Estabeleceu-se uma relação entre as políticas públicas destinadas à regulamentação das diferentes categorias dos criadouros e a proliferação destes. O cenário político, bem como peculiaridades das diferentes criações foram buscadas para explicar o comportamento encontrado. De modo geral, foram encontradas respostas positivas para estas políticas, porém questionando-se a exeqüibilidade destas.

Roman epic authors extended, reinvented and created new wild animal representations that stood apart from traditional Greek epic renderings. The treatment of wild animals in seven Roman epics (Virgil’s Aeneid, Lucan’s Civil War, Ovid’s Metamorphoses, Statius’ Thebaid and Achilleid, Valerius’ Argonautica and Silius’ Punica) forms the basis of this thesis, but the extensive study of other relevant works such as Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey and Apollonius’ Argonautica allows greater insight into traditional Greek renderings and throws Roman developments into starker contrast. Initial stages of research involved collection and detailed examination of almost 900 epic references to wild animals. The findings from this preliminary research were analysed in the context of Pliny’s Natural History, Aristotle’s Historia Animalium, and other ancient works that reveal the Greeks’ and Romans’ views of wild animals. The accumulation of such a range of evidence made it possible for patterns of development to become evident. This thesis focuses on the epic representation of animals and considers a number of questions: 1) How Roman epic authors represented animals’ emotions and employed creatures’ thought processes. 2) How Roman epic authors examined the difference between wild and tame animals and manipulated the differences and similarities between humans and animals and culture and nature. 3) How wild animals were aligned with scientific and cultural beliefs that were particular to Roman society. 4) How animals were employed to signify foreign countries and how some epic animals came to be symbolic of nations. 5) How Roman epic authors represented particular aspects of animal behaviours with fresh insight, sometimes ignoring traditional representations and historiographic sources.