Book Summary:The first ever on the topic, this Encyclopedia of Motherhood helps to both demarcate motherhood as a scholarly field and an academic discipline and to direct its future development. With more than 700 entries, these three volumes provide information on the central terms, concepts, topics, issues, themes, debates, theories, and texts of this new discipline. Further, the encyclopedia examines the topic of motherhood in various contexts such as history and geography and by academic discipline.

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Book Summary: The Multimedia Encyclopedia of Women in Today's World looks at women today and delves into contexts of being female in the 21st century. Thus, the scope of the encyclopedia focuses on women's status starting approximately in the year 2000 and looks forward. From A-to-Z, this work covers the spectrum of defining women in the contemporary world. In keeping with the focus on the contemporary context, this is not a static work; rather, after initial publication (in both print and electronic versions), significant annual updates will be available for purchase that add new content and fresh, new multimedia to this electronic version.

Book Summary: Offers full coverage of Native American athletes and athletics from historical, cultual and indigenous perspectives, from before European intervention to the 21st century. There are entries devoted to broader cultural themes, and how these affect and are affected by the sport.

Book Summary: This definitive scholarly reference on the American Revolution―written by acclaimed researchers and military experts from around the world―covers the causes, course, and consequences of the war and the political, social, and military origins of the nation.

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The major purpose of this thesis was to analyze and evaluate the development of the Married Women's Property Act of 1882. This Act exemplified the effort to improve the rights of women in nineteenth century Britain. Similar to the series of Reform Acts, the series of Married Women's Property Acts (1870, 1874, 1882 and 1893) represented the gradual extension of the tenets of Victorian liberalism to a broader portion of the English population. The unique feature of these Acts was that they marked the transcendence of liberalism over sexual barriers. In order to understand the significance of these Acts it was necessary to note the accepted image of a woman and a wife. The traditional Victorian ideal of womanhood guaranteed her subordination to the family and her husband. However, William Thompson and Mary Wollstonecraft were early advocates of the need for a reappraisal of a woman's social and economic role in society. A comparison between John Ruskin's "Of Queens' Gardens" and John Stuart Mill's The Subjection of Women revealed the two approaches to the problem of a woman's true position in Victorian society. The accepted social subordination of a woman and a wife was further substantiated by the law. Basically, upon marriage, a woman became a legal non -person. All of her possessions passed into her husband's hands. The degree of a husband's control varied with the specific type of property involved. In certain instance, owing to the provisions of restraint on anticipation developed through the laws of equity, a wife's property could be secured against possible encroachment by her husband. However, this provision did not establish a wife's financial independence. The main advantage of restraint on anticipation was to protect a family estate from an extravagant husband. The problem of a wife's economic status was precisely what the provisions of the Married Women's Property Act sought to remedy. The issue was first debated in Parliament in 1857, however, fears of disturbing domestic harmony thwarted any successful passage until 1870. The 1870 Act merely guaranteed a wife separate use of her earnings and wages. It was not until 1882, that Parliament passed a sweeping reform guaranteeing a wife the full sanctity of private property, thereby releasing her from the economic bondage to her husband. Although the debate over the merits of these Acts subsided within a very short time, their importance should not be minimized. They provided as important foundation for the blossoming debate for the eventual enfranchisement of women. More importantly, the Married Women's Property Acts signaled the beginning of the end of the Victorian view of the submissive wife.

Women were an integral part to the Easter Rising, yet until recently, their contributions have been forgotten. Those who have been remembered are often women who bucked conservative Irish society’s notions of femininity and chose to actively participate in combat, which has led to a skewed narrative that favors their contributions over the contributions of other women. Historians and scholars favor these narratives because they are empowering and act as clear foils to the heroic narratives of the male leaders in the Easter Rising. In reality, however, most of the women who joined Cumann na mBan or worked for the leaders of the Easter Rising chose to do so knowing they would take on a supportive role. They did so willingly, and even put the cause of Irish independence above the need for women’s rights. Their duties reflected this reality. Once the Easter Rising was underway, women were needed to support the rebels and did so often under fire from British and Irish fighters. For their participation in the rebellion, some women were arrested, while as a whole, the contributions of these women were derided and downplayed by the larger public. Those women not imprisoned would go on to establish the martyr-myth of the heroic and male Irish revolutionaries executed for their part in the Easter Rising. This led to the women’s histories being forgotten or ignored in favor of the heroic narrative. Even when pensions were made available to compensate participants of the Easter Rising, women only applied out of need and for fear of poverty, rather than to receive recognition. To this day, Ireland and Irish history scholars have ignored the participation of gender-conforming women in favor of the more heroic narrative of women whose experiences more closely resemble those of the Easter Rising’s male martyrs.