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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Avalia??o n?o destrutiva da qualidade da madeira e do fuste de ?rvores de Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub em ?rea de restaura??o florestal / Nondestructive evaluation of wood quality of the trunk of Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub in forest restoration area

Xavier, Carolina Nogueira 26 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-01-10T10:40:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Carolina Nogueira Xavier.pdf: 2977795 bytes, checksum: 7d7e6ad986fb33192acb7c927801608e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-10T10:40:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Carolina Nogueira Xavier.pdf: 2977795 bytes, checksum: 7d7e6ad986fb33192acb7c927801608e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This researh aimed to evaluate the quality of the wood of Peltophorum dubium (canaf?stula), obtained in forest restoration areas using non-destructive methods. The 18 individuals of canafistula studied are located in three different locations in the farm Santana do Monte Alegre, Descalvado/SP and were evaluated at 14 years of age. The following non-destructive methods for evaluating the quality of the wood in trees alive were used: densitometry X-ray - which analyzed the radial variation of wood density in micron levels; resistograph - for the assessment of the density of the tree and plant still in the field; and extensometer, used to verify the longitudinal residual strain (LRS). For the silvicultural analysis of the species was measured the CBH (circumference at breast height) and calculated the annual periodic increment in diameter. For qualitative analysis of the trunk, were observed and recorded the following characteristics: presence of fork, hollow timber and tortuosity of the trunk. It was also performed chemical analysis of soil in three different locations. It was found that the radial variation in density has increased in canaf?stula on pith to bark, showing the moderately high density of canaf?stula. The trees hasn?t the presence of internal hollow. The results of longitudinal residual strain showed that the species approached values found in Eucalyptus clones and showed significant and positive correlations with the DBH and the average annual diameter increment. The canasfistula trees showed good quality of the stem in 77,8% of subjects and regular in 22,2% of them, with capacity to produce straight stems with few bifurcations. In the three locations there was a statistical difference in relation to DBH and annual periodic increment in diameter, a fact related to the data of chemical analysis of soil. The site number 3 showed the largest DBH and increment in diameter, it has higher levels of calcium and magnesium, elements that are limiting to the growth of canaf?stula. A non-destructive methodology proved to be a fast tool field use and low cost, compared to traditional destructive methods. Therefore, the timber of canafistula among the studied technological properties, showed good quality for use in the lumber industry also presenting silvicultural characteristics which favor the use of the species for the timber, such as the development of upright stems and few forked, results that contribute to higher yields in the processing in lumber. Considering together all the features and properties studied, the species showed a great potential for the production and insertion in the timber sector / O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade da madeira das ?rvores de Peltophorum dubium (canaf?stula) obtida em ?rea de restaura??o florestal utilizando m?todos n?o destrutivos. Os 18 indiv?duos de canaf?stula estudados est?o localizados em tr?s diferentes s?tios na Fazenda Santana de Monte Alegre, Descalvado/SP, e foram avaliados aos 14 anos de idade. As seguintes metodologias n?o destrutivas foram utilizadas para avaliar a qualidade da madeira em ?rvores vivas: densitometria de raios X - que analisou a varia??o radial da densidade da madeira em n?veis microm?tricos; resistografia - para a avalia??o da densidade e fitossanidade da ?rvore ainda no campo; e extensometria, para avaliar a deforma??o residual longitudinal (DRL). Para a an?lise silvicultural da esp?cie foi mensurado o CAP (circunfer?ncia a altura do peito) e calculado o incremento diam?trico. Para a an?lise qualitativa do fuste, foram observadas e anotadas as seguintes caracter?sticas: presen?a de bifurca??o, ocos e tortuosidade do fuste. Foi ainda realizada a an?lise qu?mica do solo nos tr?s diferentes s?tios. Verificou-se que a varia??o radial da densidade da canaf?stula possui um aumento no sentido medula-casca, sendo a densidade da canaf?stula moderadamente alta. Em rela??o a fitossanidade nenhuma ?rvore apresentou ocos internos. Os resultados da deforma??o residual longitudinal mostraram que a esp?cie aproximou-se de valores encontrados em clones de Eucalyptus e apresentou correla??es significativas e positivas com o DAP e o incremento diam?trico m?dio anual. As ?rvores de canaf?stula apresentaram boa qualidade do fuste em 77,8% dos indiv?duos e regular em 22,2% deles, apresentando capacidade de produzir fustes retos e com poucas bifurca??es. Nos tr?s s?tios observou-se diferen?a estat?stica em rela??o ao DAP e ao incremento diam?trico, fato relacionado aos dados da an?lise qu?mica do solo. O s?tio 3 foi o que apresentou maiores DAP e incremento diam?trico, este possui maiores n?veis de Ca e Mg, elementos que s?o limitantes para o crescimento da canaf?stula. A metodologia n?o destrutiva mostrou-se uma ferramenta de r?pida utiliza??o no campo e de baixo custo, comparada ?s metodologias destrutivas tradicionais. Portanto, a madeira de canaf?stula, dentre as propriedades tecnol?gicas estudadas, demonstrou boa qualidade para o uso no setor madeireiro, apresentando tamb?m caracter?sticas silviculturais que propiciam o uso da esp?cie para a produ??o de madeira, como por exemplo, o desenvolvimento de fustes retos e poucos bifurcados, resultados que contribuem para maiores rendimentos na transforma??o em madeira serrada. Considerando em conjunto todas as caracter?sticas e propriedades estudadas, a esp?cie apresentou um ?timo potencial para a produ??o e inser??o no setor madeireiro.

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