Thesis (Ph. D.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1994. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references. Also available via the Internet.

Det här projektet har haft som syfte att studera vilka krav som ställs på projekteringen av träbroar både externt från andra parter och internt inom företaget Martinsons. Utifrån denna studie skulle förslag ges på åtgärder för hur Martinsons Startmodell i programmet Tekla bör anpassas för att projekteringen skulle uppnå dessa krav. Projektet har genomförts genom att använda Trafikverkets krav för digital projekthantering som utgångspunkt för att undersöka vilka externa krav på projektering som ställs på Martinsons. Möten med projektörer som arbetar med träbroar har genomförts med syfte att ta del av deras erfarenheter och åsikter gällande träbroprojektering samt undersöka vilka interna krav som anses relevanta. Utöver detta studerades ett antal utförda träbroprojekt för att hitta möjliga förbättringsområden. Med detta som bakgrund undersöktes sedan vilka åtgärder som var möjliga att genomföra i Tekla. Åtgärder för att anpassa Startmodellen mot gällande kravdokument och förbättra kvalitéten på handlingar rörande träbroar presenterades och förklarades i projektet. Även åtgärder som syftade till att effektivisera modellerandet och ritningsskapandet föreslogs. De åtgärder som föreslogs bedömdes kunna förbättra Martinsons Startmodell på ett betydande sätt men ansågs inte på något sätt vara en slutgiltig lösning i strävan att uppfylla de krav som ställs på handlingar gällande träbroar. Projektet gjorde det dock tydligt att det inte är rimligt att anpassa Startmodellen så att den klarar alla krav, vissa anpassningar kommer att måsta gälla från fall till fall. Det blev även tydligt att det skulle vara bra att starta en dialog med Trafikverket för att säkertställa vad deras krav är så att Martinsons kan uppfylla dem på ett effektivt sätt. / The purpose of this project has been to study which requirements apply on wooden bridges from a design perspective, observing both external requirements and internal requirements from the company Martinsons. Based on these requirements measures would be proposed to adapt Martinsons Tekla-template model for the design of timber bridges. The theoretical part of the project has, as a starting point been conducted by studies of the Transport Administration's requirements on wooden bridges. Discussions with designers working with wooden bridges have also been conducted to get an understanding of their experiences and opinions. Furthermore, a number of previously constructed wooden bridges have been studied in order to find areas in need of improvement. With this background, it then examined which measures were feasible in Tekla. Several measures that would aim to improve the drawing quality and comply with the applicable requirements was produced and declared in the project. Measures aimed to streamline the modeling and drawing creation was also proposed. The measures proposed should enhance Martinsons Tekla-template model in a significant way, but shall in no way be considered as a definitive solution in the quest to meet the requirements concerning the design of wooden bridges. The projekct made it clear that it is not reasonable, or even feasible, to adjust the template model to meet all requirements, some adjustments must be done in each project. It also became clear that it would be good to open a dialogue with the Swedish Transport Administration to make sure what their requirements are so that Martinsons can comply with them in an effective way.

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2003. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 128 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 96-97).

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 157 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 96).

Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio University, March, 1997. / Title from PDF t.p.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin, 1962. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (p. 29-31).

Several aspects influencing the adoption of timber bridges were investigated. Initially, perceptions of timber as a bridge material were rated by highway officials in twenty-eight states. Timber was rated lowest in overall performance by each group (State Department of Transportation engineers, private consultants, and local highway officials) throughout the United States. The highest rated bridge material was prestressed concrete, followed by reinforced concrete, steel and timber. The most important factors in the bridge material decision included: Lifespan of material, past performance of material, maintenance requirements of material, resistance to natural deterioration, initial cost, and lifecycle cost. Timber was compared to other bridge materials on eight preselected attributes. Timber rated the lowest on the attributes of low maintenance, ease of design, long life, and high strength. Highway officials in four states (Mississippi, Virginia, Washington, and Wisconsin) were personally interviewed. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to characterize their decision of a bridge material. The most important bridge criteria were similar in each state, however, their effect on the overall decision differed by state. Prestressed and reinforced concrete were the materials of choice in all states. The results of this study indicate that, based on the six criteria measured, timber will seldom be the material of choice for highway bridges. Timber bridge manufacturers were surveyed to understand current marketing and management techniques in the promotion of timber bridges. Marketing efforts were most prevalent in the Midwest. Timber bridge sales represented, on average, less than 7% of total sales from responding companies. Wood treating and gluelaminating firms represented over 75% of the timber bridge firms. One-half of the responding timber bridge companies felt that timber bridge sales would increase an average of 15% over the next five years. Barriers and incentives to timber bridge adoption were investigated. The greatest incentives include: year around construction, resistance to deicing chemicals, quick construction, and aesthetic qualities. Major barriers appear to be: short lifespan, maintenance requirements, decay, perceptions of strength, and that "timber doesn't perform well under high weight and traffic volumes". The realistic size of the bridge market was estimated not to exceed 600 to 700 designed bridges a year. This would require the use of 10 to 12 million board feet of lumber. / Ph. D.

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo teórico e experimental de estacas de madeira, incluindo a instrumentação das fundações em estacas de madeira de uma ponte de madeira, com o objetivo de gerar recomendações para o projeto deste tipo de fundações para pontes de madeira de pequeno vão. O trabalho experimental foi feito em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa foram estudadas as propriedades mecânicas de estacas de madeira a partir de ensaios de flexão e compressão em peças roliças em tamanho estrutural e a partir de ensaios de flexão e compressão em corpos-de-prova de pequenas dimensões e isentos de defeitos (CPs). Na segunda etapa foram determinadas as propriedades do solo, por meio de sondagens, e das estacas cravadas por meio de ensaios de compressão paralela em CPs. Nessa etapa, de forma pioneira no Brasil, foi feita uma análise do comportamento de estacas de madeira imersas no solo, por meio de ensaio de carregamento dinâmico (PDA - Pile Driving Analyser). Os resultados mostram que estacas de madeira são excelentes elementos estruturais para uso em fundações / This work presents a theoretical and experimental study of timber piles, including the instrumentation of the timber piles of a wooden bridge foundation, in order to generate recommendations for the project of this type of foundations for small wooden bridges. The experimental work was made in two stages. In the first stage the mechanical properties of timber pile had been determined using bending and compression tests of structural size specimens and of small clear wood specimens. In the second stage the properties of the ground had been determined, by means of subsoil exploration, and of the timber piles by means parallel compression tests in small clear wood specimens. In this stage, first time in Brazil, an analysis of the behavior of timber piles in the ground was made, by means of Pile Diver Analyser (PDA). The results show that timber piles are excellent structural elements for use in foundations

No description available.

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo teórico e experimental de estacas de madeira, incluindo a instrumentação das fundações em estacas de madeira de uma ponte de madeira, com o objetivo de gerar recomendações para o projeto deste tipo de fundações para pontes de madeira de pequeno vão. O trabalho experimental foi feito em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa foram estudadas as propriedades mecânicas de estacas de madeira a partir de ensaios de flexão e compressão em peças roliças em tamanho estrutural e a partir de ensaios de flexão e compressão em corpos-de-prova de pequenas dimensões e isentos de defeitos (CPs). Na segunda etapa foram determinadas as propriedades do solo, por meio de sondagens, e das estacas cravadas por meio de ensaios de compressão paralela em CPs. Nessa etapa, de forma pioneira no Brasil, foi feita uma análise do comportamento de estacas de madeira imersas no solo, por meio de ensaio de carregamento dinâmico (PDA - Pile Driving Analyser). Os resultados mostram que estacas de madeira são excelentes elementos estruturais para uso em fundações / This work presents a theoretical and experimental study of timber piles, including the instrumentation of the timber piles of a wooden bridge foundation, in order to generate recommendations for the project of this type of foundations for small wooden bridges. The experimental work was made in two stages. In the first stage the mechanical properties of timber pile had been determined using bending and compression tests of structural size specimens and of small clear wood specimens. In the second stage the properties of the ground had been determined, by means of subsoil exploration, and of the timber piles by means parallel compression tests in small clear wood specimens. In this stage, first time in Brazil, an analysis of the behavior of timber piles in the ground was made, by means of Pile Diver Analyser (PDA). The results show that timber piles are excellent structural elements for use in foundations