M.B.A. / The South African Minister of Health has, in terms of Section 2 of the South African Tobacco Products Control Act, 1993 (Act No. 83 of 1993), as amended, declared the public places specified in the Regulations as permissible smoking areas, subject to the conditions also specified in the Regulations. "Swanepoel et al., (2000:597) argues that it is common knowledge today that smoking causes health problems. These problems can basically be categorised into two groups: The health implications for the employee who smokes; and The health and other implications for non-smoking employees who become passive smokers as a result of their colleagues' smoking habits. Apart from the implications for the smoker, there are also major implications for the non-smoking employees and for the organisation as a whole. It follows that, if cigarette smoke is a health risk for the smoker, it must also be so for the non-smoker. The breathed-out smoke contains the same harmful ingredients (such as carbon monoxide and recognised carcinogens — in other words, chemicals that cause cancer) to which the smoker is exposed. In addition, smoking often bothers non-smokers, causing conflict, hostility, negative feelings, deteriorating interpersonal relations — all of which may impact negatively on workforce morale and productivity. There is no single approach and policy for all organisations. The general principles, however, are that a working party should be established, the issue should be raised, the workforce should be consulted and the policy must then be formulated and implemented. It is in the interest of good industrial relations to work out an agreed policy between the company, employees and their representative trade unions (if any), taking into account the interest of smokers and non-smokers, rather than merely imposing an immediate and total ban. The control of smoking in the workplace through a professional process of formulating and implementing an appropriate non-smoking policy will enhance the healthiness or wellness of both smoking and non-smoking employees". The aim of this research is to assess the perceptions of smoking as well as nonsmoking employees of the said regulations of the Act and to assess if the targeted companies adhered to the new Regulations. Employees of three different companies in the Johannesburg in the Gauteng area in South Africa will be ask to complete questionnaires regarding the New Smoking Regulations in South Africa.

Thesis (Ph. D. (Criminology)) --University of Limpopo, 2018 / Schools mirror the culture of violence that is endemic in our society. They have therefore become the focus of research on violence. However, much of our knowledge on violence that occurs in schools is on learners as victims of educator-on- learner and learner-on-learner violence; and as perpetrators of learner-on-learner because a great amount of research focuses only on these types of violence. Very little research has been done on teachers as victims of violence, and of learnerperpetrated violence, in particular. The little knowledge that is available indicates that objectionable behaviour, such as ill-discipline, class disruptions, and aggression and violent behaviour are aspects of interpersonal relationships that may cause teachers stress, burnout, job dissatisfaction, ill health, and lead to them quitting the teaching profession. This study investigated learner-perpetrated violence as a school and workplace violence. The results of this study, which are the outcomes of independently conducted qualitative and quantitative studies, confirm the parallel existence of learner-perpetrated violence and teacher stress and related ill health, behavioural reaction and organisational effects. The implications of these results are that the current legislation, the South African Schools Act, and regulations and policies associated with it, is inadequate in preventing the victimisation of teachers by learners, in their workplaces. Hence, this study recommends a model that can be implemented to prevent violence against teachers at a primary, secondary, and tertiary level. Learner violence is an occupational health and safety risk for teachers and needs to be handled in the same was as any other occupational health and safety hazard; hence the desire by teachers to be covered against violence at work under the Occupational Health and Safety Act. It is recommended that future research should focus on the incorporation of violence into the existing list of occupational hazard. This will force employers to take every step possible to prevent the victimisation of teachers in their workplaces. The reduction of incidents of violence against teachers has the potential of slowing teacher attrition down.

LL.M. (Labour Law) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

No description available.

This qualitative study of representative bureaucracy examines the extension and limitations of liberal democratic rights by connecting environmental and social history with policy, individual decision making, gender, race, and class in American history. It documents major cultural shifts in a homogeneous patriarchal organization, constraints, advancement, and the historical agency of women and minorities. "Creating a Multicultural Forest Service" identifies a relationship between natural and human resources and tells a story of expanding and contracting civil liberties that shifted over time from women and people of color to include the differently-abled and LGBT communities. It includes oral history as a key to uncovering individual decision points, relational networks, organizational activism, and human/nature relations to shape meaningful explanations of historical institutional change. With gender and race as primary categories, this inquiry forms a history that is critical to understanding federal bureaucratic efforts to meet workforce diversity goals in natural resource organizations.