Chen Yi's music is well accepted and recognized nationally and internationally through an increasing number of commissions and performances. Major symphony orchestras, choruses, institutions and companies request her compositions on many occasions in order to increase understanding and exploration of Chinese influences on western classical idioms. This study provides the first detailed discussion of her compositional mastery and her fusion of Chinese music with the language of western choral traditions. Chen Yi's reputation as a prominent orchestral composer does not restrain her passion to apply instrumental techniques and materials to her quality choral compositions. This study focuses on (1) how hardship and various life experiences during the ten-year Cultural Revolution shaped Chen Yi's musical inspirations; (2) how the influences of major musical genres, such as traditional Chinese folksong, jingju, model play, 19th-20th century nationalism, impressionism, and serialism are consolidated in her kaleidoscopic compositional techniques; and (3) the application of Chinese languages, pedagogical concepts, and extra-musical elements, such as Chinese poems, paintings, and calligraphies, revealed in her original, intelligent and resourceful choral creations.

In der Studie wurde die Drahtmarkierung als Operationshilfsmethode vor der VATSvideo- assistierten Thorakoskopie bei der Abklärung von solitären pulmonalen Rundherden untersucht. Mit dieser Methode konnte der Lungenherd exakt markiert und transthorakal fixiert werden. Intraoperativ wurde der am Draht hängende Herd mit dosierter Kraft nach außen gezogen, endoskopisch verifiziert und komplikationslos entfernt. Bei der Drahtmarkierung wurden drei verschiedene Drähte benutzt, der größte Teil der Markierungen wurde mit dem Somatex-Lokalisationsset 18 G (84) Spiraldraht durchgeführt. Bei 3 Patienten wurde ein minimaler Pneumothorax, bei 5 Patienten eine geringe Einblutung und bei 2 Patienten ein großer Pneumothorax (>1 cm) und bei 3 Patienten beide Komplikationen festgestellt. Bei keinem Patienten war eine Dislokalisation des Drahtes aufgetreten. Chirurgen und Radiologen teilen die Meinung, dass der Spiraldraht patientenkomfortabel, treffsicher anwendbar und zukunftsträchtig ist. Die kombinierte Anwendung von Herdfixation mittels Spiraldraht und videothorakoskopischer Entfernung von Lungenherden ist für pleuraferne und daher oberflächlich nicht sichtbare Lungenherde empfehlenswert. / With the increasing use of multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) pulmonary nodules are more often detected. The propose of our study was to evaluate use of the computed tomography guided spiral-wire localization before video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). 54 patients with pulmonary nodules underwent ct-guided application of a spiralwire lung localization-set (Somatom, Berlin, Germany). The average age was 58 years, the mean distance between the nodule and the visceral pleura was 7,9 mm and the mean diameter was 13,1 mm. Following this procedure, the patients underwent a VATS resection. In all patients the placement of the spiral-wire was succesful without any dislocation. The major complications were: Asymtomatic pneumothorax, local bleeding and in 3 patients a combination of local bleeding and a minor pneumothorax. In conclusion wire localization of peripheral pulmonary nodules is a safe and effective procedure to assist VATS resection.

Einleitung: Experimentelle Daten zu Designparametern von Cages fehlen weitgehend. Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, am Modell der Schafshalswirbelsäule den Effekt von Designparametern (Auflagefläche/Porengröße) auf das Einheilungsverhalten von Cages radiologisch zu untersuchen. Material und Methode: Bei 24 Merino-Schafen wurde eine intervertebrale zervikale Fusion C3/C4 mit 3 verschiedenen Stabilisierungsverfahren (n=8) durchgeführt. Gruppe1: autologer Beckenkammspan; Gruppe2: Syncage-C + autologe Spongiosa; Gruppe3: Harmscage + autologe Spongiosa. Während der Standzeit wurden radiologische Verlaufsuntersuchungen durchgeführt. Nach der 12-wöchigen Standzeit erfolgten funktionsradiologische Untersuchungen sowie computertomographische Untersuchungen am Präparat. Der Status der Fusion wurde anhand eines Fusionsscores bestimmt. Ergebnisse: Im Vergleich zum Beckenkammspan waren beide Cages in der Lage, die Höhe des Bandscheibenraums und den Intervertebralwinkel signifikant besser zu erhalten. Bezüglich der Sinterungsparameter, der radiologischen Funktionsuntersuchungen und des Fusionsscores waren bis auf den Zeitpunkt Woche 1 (Cage im Box-Design mit geringster Sinterung) keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen beiden Cages nachweisbar. Bei der Evaluation des Kallusvolumens zeigte sich für den Cage im Zylinder-Design eine größere Kallusformation, als für den Cage im Box-Design. Schlussfolgerung: Innerhalb der ersten 12 Wochen lassen sich nur in der frühen postoperativen Phase designspezifische Unterschiede zwischen beiden Cages nachweisen. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie zeigen, dass die Auflagefläche für das Sinterungsverhalten eines Cage in vivo nur von untergeordneter Bedeutung ist. Ein signifikanter Einfluss der Porengröße der Cages auf das Einheilungsverhalten konnte radiologisch nicht nachgewiesen werden. Ein Einfluss der Primärstabilität des Implantats auf die Kallusformation kann postuliert werden. / Introduction: Experimental data of design parameters of cages are lacking. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of design parameters (endplate-implant contact area/maximum contiguous pore) on interbody fusion in a sheep cervical spine model by radiological methods. Material and Method: Twenty-four sheep underwent C3-4 discectomy and fusion in which the following were used: Group 1, autologous tricortical iliac crest bone graft (n=8); Group 2, titanium cylinder-design cage + autologous bone graft (n=8); and Group 3, titanium box-design cage filled with autologous bone graft (n=8). During the evaluation period radiography was performed. After the 12 weeks' evaluation period, functional radiographs and quantitative computerized tomography scans were acquired. Status of fusion has been evaluated by means of a fusion score. Results: Over a 12 weeks' period significantly higher values for disc space height and intervertebral angle were shown in cage-treated sheep than in those that received bone graft. Comparing the cage-groups no significant difference could be found in disk-space height, functional radiographic assessment and fusion score except week one. At this time the box-design cage showed significantly better distractive properties. The cylinder-design cage showed significantly higher values for bone callus volume in comparison to the box-design cage. Conclusion: In the 12 weeks' period, no significant design specific differences between both cages could be stated except during the early post-operative period. This study shows that the parameter endplate-implant contact-area was not able to determine subsidence of cages. An influence of maximum contiguous pore on the fusion's result could not be shown by radiological data. Primary stiffness must have an influence on bone callus formation.

No description available.

In allogeneic bone transplantation, the transmission of viral and non-viral infectious pathogens is the most severe undesirable concomitant phenomenon. The investigations published were examined regarding the inactivating capacity of inactivation procedures that are presently performed in bone banks (peracetic acid/ethanol, gamma irradiation, moist heat) against clinically relevant pathogens (aiming at a virus titer reduction of at least 4 log10 TCID50/ml or titer reduction of non-viral micro-organisms of at least 5 log10 cfu/ml). In the suspension experiments, treatment with peracetic acid/ethanol (peracetic acid 2%, ethanol 96%, aqua ad iniectabilia 2:1:1, 4 hours, 200 mbar, agitation) achieved a titer reduction of > 4 log10 already after 5 minutes for a number of viruses (PSR, PV, BVDV). HIV-2 was also inactivated within 5 minutes below the level of detection ( 4 log10 TCID50/ml was only reached after 4 hours. The results mentioned could be confirmed in the carrier test (contaminated spongiosa cuboids used as ‘worst case’ scenario). In the suspension experiment as well as in the carrier test, the HAV titer was reduced after 4 hours by only 3.7 log10 and 2.87 log10, respectively. The preceding step of defatting the spongiosa tissue by chloroform/ethanol was validated using cell-associated HAV and showed an HAV titer reduction of 7 log10. In the investigations regarding non-viral pathogens, all test organisms were completely inactivated by more than 5 log 10 steps (cfu/ml). Gamma irradiation was the second procedure examined. D10 values (irradiation dose required to reduce 90% of the pathogen titers by one log10 step) that were determined in inactivation kinetics experiments (irradiation conditions: –30°C, 60Co source) corresponded to data published so far. In order to provide for maximal safety, an irradiation dose of 34 kGy was recommended for allogeneic bone transplants using BPV and a diaphysis model from human femurs. The ‘Marburg bone bank system’ was the third procedure examined (thermal disinfection, guaranteed temperature of at least 82.5°C for a minimum of 15 min) using centrally contaminated human femoral heads. All viruses were completely inactivated and their titer reduced by more than 4 log10 steps. Vegetative bacteria and fungi were also completely inactivated (>= 6 log10 in the supernatant). As expected, spores and spore-forming pathogens were not sufficiently inactivated and not inactivated, respectively (titer reduction of less than 2 log10 cfu/ml). However, the latter group can be disregarded, since femoral heads are procured in the operation room under sterile conditions and the following production process rules out a secondary contamination with spores. It could be shown in the investigations presented that all three procedures examined guarantee an inactivation of the viruses investigated according to the recommendations by the senior federal authorities. The three treatment procedures offer additional biosafety by a comprehensive inactivation of non-viral pathogens.

No description available.

潘銘基. / "2001年8月" / 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2001. / 參考文獻 (8 leaves) / 附中英文摘要. / "2001 nian 8 yue" / Pan Mingji. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2001. / Can kao wen xian (8 leaves) / Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / Chapter 1. --- 賈誼《新書》與先秦兩漢典籍關係考略 --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- 賈誼生平及其著述 / Chapter 1.2 --- 前人論評賈誼《新書》與周秦兩漢典籍之關係 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- 《漢書》 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- 《史記》 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- 《前漢紀》 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- 《大戴禮記》 / Chapter 1.2.5 --- 《荀子》、《禮記》、楚簡本〈緇衣〉 / Chapter 1.2.6 --- 《詩》 / Chapter 1.2.7 --- 《左傳》 / Chapter 1.2.8 --- 劉向《新序》、《說苑》、《列女傳》 / Chapter 1.2.9 --- 《鬻子》 / Chapter 1.2.10 --- 《鶡冠子》 / Chapter 1.2.11 --- 《韓非子》 / Chapter 1.2.12 --- 《韓詩外傳》 / Chapter 1.2.13 --- 《國語》 / Chapter 1.2.14 --- 其他 / Chapter 1.3 --- 賈誼《新書》與周秦兩漢典籍之互見關係 / Chapter 1.4 --- 餘論 / Chapter 2. --- 賈誼說《詩》考 --- p.31 / Chapter 2.1 --- 西漢初年傳《詩》情況 / Chapter 2.2 --- 賈誼說《詩》與魯說相合例 / Chapter 2.3 --- 賈誼說《詩》與齊說相合例 / Chapter 2.4 --- 賈誼說《詩》與韓說相合例 / Chapter 2.5 --- 賈誼說《詩》與毛說相合例 / Chapter 2.6 --- 賈誼說《詩》與四家《詩》皆不同例 / Chapter 2.7 --- 賈誼用文獻典籍說《詩》例 / Chapter 2.7.1 --- 《孟子》 / Chapter 2.7.2 --- 《左傳》 / Chapter 2.7.3 --- 《晏子春秋》 / Chapter 2.7.4 --- 《禮記》 / Chapter 2.7.5 --- 《國語》 / Chapter 2.8 --- 結語 / Chapter 3. --- 賈誼《新書》與《左傳》之關係´ؤ´ؤ兼論賈誼《新書》 用 《國語》 --- p.89 / Chapter 3.1 --- 前人論評賈誼與《左傳》之關係 / Chapter 3.2 --- 《左傳》、《國語》與賈誼《新書》所記春秋史事比較 / Chapter 3.3 --- 《國語》 / Chapter 3.4 --- 結語 / Chapter 4. --- 賈誼與荀子 --- p.112 / Chapter 4.1 --- 《新書》、《荀子》互見詞語輯證 / Chapter 4.2 --- 前人論評有關荀子與賈誼之關係 / Chapter 4.3 --- 從荀子到賈誼 / Chapter 4.4 --- 賈誼之禮治思想 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- 教育思想 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- 禮遇大臣 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- 階級觀念 / Chapter 4.4.4 --- 民本思想 / Chapter 4.5 --- 結語 / Chapter 5. --- 賈誼《新書》與《漢書》之關係 --- p.152 / Chapter 5.1 --- 賈誼《新書》命名 / Chapter 5.2 --- 賈誼《新書》卷數與篇數問題 / Chapter 5.3 --- 賈誼《新書》與《漢書´Ø賈誼傳》、〈食貨志〉及〈禮樂志〉互見部分舉證 / Chapter 5.4 --- 賈誼《新書》之真僞問題 / Chapter 5.5 --- 結語 / Chapter 6. --- 賈誼《新書》與《鬻子》之關係 --- p.191 / Chapter 6.1 --- 前人論述《鬻子》槪說 / Chapter 6.2 --- 今本《鬻子》與賈誼《新書》之關係 / Chapter 6.3 --- 類書引錄《鬻子》考略 / Chapter 6.4 --- 今本《鬻子》成書年代蠡測 / Chapter 6.5 --- 結語 / Chapter 7. --- 結論 --- p.224 / Chapter 8. --- 附錄 / 附錄一：賈誼《新書》與周秦兩漢典籍對讀資料彙編 / 附錄二 ：《漢書》、《前漢紀》與賈誼《新書》對讀表 / 附錄三：賈誼〈鵩鳥賦〉與《鶡冠子´Ø世兵》對讀表 / 附錄四：《史記´Ø屈原賈生列傳》（節錄）與《漢書´Ø賈誼傳》對讀表 / 附錄五：唐宋類書引錄賈誼《新書》資料彙輯 / 附錄六：賈誼《新書》與《荀子》所用詞藻相合舉隅 / 附錄七：賈誼引《詩》說《詩》資料彙編 / 附錄八：唐宋類書引錄《鬻子》彙輯 / 附錄九：今本《鬻子》與唐宋類書、典籍所輯《鬻子》對照表 / 附錄十：諸家所輯今本《鬻子》佚文彙編 / 附錄十一：賈誼《新書》所載春秋史事見於《左傳》、《國語》例證輯錄 / Chapter 9. --- 參考書目及論文

巫達. / "2000年7月" / 論文 (哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2000. / 參考文獻 (leaves 158-172) / 附中英文摘要. / "2000 nian 7 yue" / Wu Da. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2000. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 158-172) / Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / 前言 --- p.I-V / Chapter 第一章 --- 導論 --- p.1 / Chapter 一、 --- 引 論 --- p.1 / Chapter 二、 --- 人類學的族群理論和文獻回顧 --- p.3 / Chapter 三、 --- 中國族群文化認同和研研究情況 --- p.11 / Chapter 四、 --- 論文的理論構架與研究方法 --- p.26 / Chapter 五、 --- 研究地點簡介 --- p.32 / Chapter 六、 --- 論文的組織 --- p.35 / Chapter 第二章 --- 歷史背景與彝族的内部分佈 --- p.37 / Chapter 一、 --- 引言 --- p.37 / Chapter 二、 --- 分佈 --- p.38 / Chapter 三、 --- 人口 --- p.41 / Chapter 四、 --- 族稱 --- p.43 / Chapter 五、 --- 彝族的支系 --- p.51 / Chapter 六、 --- 族源 --- p.52 / Chapter 七、 --- 傳统政治制度 --- p.57 / Chapter 八、 --- 甘洛縣彝族概括 --- p.61 / Chapter 九、 --- 甘洛縣民族分佈及族群關係 --- p.65 / Chapter 第三章 --- 語言與認同 --- p.68 / Chapter 一、 --- 引論 --- p.68 / Chapter 二、 --- 彝族的語言和文字概況 --- p.69 / Chapter (一) --- 語言 --- p.69 / Chapter (二) --- 文字 --- p.72 / Chapter 三、 --- 兩彝村的語言態度及其文化認同 --- p.76 / Chapter 四、 --- 兩彝村的“漢化´ح程度及其文化認同 --- p.81 / Chapter 第四章 --- 宗教與認同 --- p.96 / Chapter 一、 --- 引論 --- p.96 / Chapter 二、 --- 兩彝村的宗教信仰基本情況 --- p.100 / Chapter (一) --- 來源神話傳¨®Ơ --- p.100 / Chapter (二) --- 彝族宗教裏的靈魂觀 --- p.112 / Chapter (三) --- 彝族宗教裏的鬼神觀 --- p.115 / Chapter 三、 --- 彝族宗教的神職人員 --- p.121 / Chapter (一) --- 畢摩 --- p.121 / Chapter (二) --- 蘇尼 --- p.124 / Chapter 四、 --- 兩彝村的宗教信仰與文化認同的關係 --- p.124 / Chapter (一) --- 漢家有醫生，彝家有畢摩：畢摩作為醫師的角色 --- p.124 / Chapter (二) --- 畢摩被認為是人與神鬼之間的信息傳遞者：畢摩作為司祭員 --- p.133 / Chapter (三) --- 畢摩和蘇尼的日常角色 --- p.136 / Chapter 五、 --- 從《指路經》看彝族文化認同 --- p.142 / Chapter (一) --- 《指路經》的價 值 --- p.142 / Chapter (二) --- 波波坤村和乃伍彝族的送魂路線殊途同歸 --- p.143 / Chapter 第五章 --- 結論 --- p.147 / 參考文獻 --- p.158 / 附錄一：涼山彝語注音系统與國際音標對照表 --- p.173 / 附錄二：本文使用的問卷調查表 --- p.174 / 附錄三：彝文經書 --- p.178 / 附錄四：人物表 --- p.181 / 附錄五：彝族支系自稱、他稱簡表 --- p.183 / 附錄六：彝語支語言 --- p.184 / 附錄七：彝族父子譜系 --- p.186 / 表格目錄 / 圖表一：歷代涼山地區人口數 --- p.41 / 圖表二：曲木藏堯統計的1930年代涼山彝族人口數 --- p.42 / 圖表三：莊學本统計的1940年代、涼山彝族人口數 --- p.42 / 圖表四：波波坤村和乃伍村異同比較表 --- p.64 / 圖表五：彝文造字方式 --- p.72 / 圖表六：四川雲南貴州廣西四省區彝文比較簡表 --- p.75 / 地圖 / 地圖´ؤ：彝族分佈總圖 --- p.扉頁 / 地圖二：彝族支系自稱示意圖 --- p.扉頁 / 地圖三：彝族六祖遷徙路線示意圖 --- p.扉頁 / 地圖四：甘洛縣曲木蘇和諾木蘇分界圖 --- p.65 / 地圖五：彝文《指路經》中送魂路線示意圖 --- p.143 / 地圖六：波波坤村和乃伍村送魂路線示意圖 --- p.145

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1982.

Thesis (M.A.)--Si li Zhongguo wen hua xue yuan, 1965. / On double leaves. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 169-170).