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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Predicting Youth Treatment Failure: An Investigation of Clinical Versus Actuarial Judgment

Salisbury, Tessa Nicole 01 June 2014 (has links) (PDF)
Research investigating clinical versus actuarial prediction and judgment has consistently demonstrated the superiority of actuarial (statistical) methods. Little research to date has directly compared clinical and actuarial predictions in the context of patient-focused psychotherapy outcomes. The most relevant study on this issue was completed with an adult population and results indicated that the actuarial method was significantly more accurate at predicting client treatment failure compared to clinician’s predictions. This study examined clinical versus actuarial prediction of client deterioration in a sample of children and adolescents receiving treatment in a managed care and community mental health setting. Predictions of treatment failure made by the actuarial method were found to be significantly more accurate than predictions of treatment failure made by clinicians. More specifically, participating clinicians did not make a single prediction of treatment failure. These findings add further evidence to support the use of actuarial methods in enhancing clinical decision-making in community-based mental health services for children and adolescents.
2

Att nyttja behandlingsinstrument i socialt behandlingsarbete med ungdomar på institution : En studie om faktorer som påverkar implementeringsprocessen

Frogner, Louise, Larsson, Christine January 2008 (has links)
<p>SAMMANFATTNING</p><p>Under 2006 påbörjades arbetet med att nationellt höja kvaliteten på praktiskt socialt arbete. Socialstyrelsen gav då ut nya råd och riktlinjer för hur socialtjänsten kan stärka och utveckla sitt behandlingsarbete. Utifrån detta blir det allt vanligare att mer strukturerade manualer och behandlingsinstrument införs i arbetet. Ett sådant instrument är Youth Outcome Questionnaire, som under hösten 2007 implementeras i en kommunal behandlingsverksamhet i Örebro. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hindrande och möjliggörande faktorer som omgärdar implementeringen av ett behandlingsinstrument i en behandlingsverksamhet för ungdomar på institution. Syftet preciseras genom följande frågeställningar: Hur följdes det behandlingsarbetet upp innan implementeringen av instrumentet? Vad har föranlett att enheten beslutat att införa det nya behandlingsinstrumentet Y-OQ 2.0? Vilka möjliggörande eller hindrande faktorer har föregått implementeringsarbetet av instrumentet? Vilka negativa eller positiva faktorer framkommer i det praktiska handhavandet och tillämpningen av instrumentet? Studien har en kvalitativ ansats och bygger på semistrukturerade intervjuer med sex personer ur personalgruppen i den aktuella verksamheten. Tolkningsramen utgörs i huvudsak av implementeringsteori. Resultatet visar att personalen har en positiv inställning till arbetet med instrumentet. Man har inte tidigare arbetat utifrån strukturerade utvärderingsmetoder i form av instrument eller manualer och en majoritet av respondenterna ser behovet av utvärdering i verksamheten. Hindrande faktorer under implementeringen visar sig främst i att man upplever utbildningen som något bristfällig och att man inte heller fått någon handledning kring instrumentet. Detta har lett till osäkerhet kring användandet av detta liksom hur man ska använda de resultat som framkommer, vilket också visar på de praktiska svårigheter detta medfört. De möjliggörande faktorerna handlar till stor del om personalens positiva attityd och vilja att använda sig av det nya verktyget. I diskussionen förs resonemang kring implementeringens effekter på behandlingsverksamheten och instrumentets tillämpningsområde inom behandlingsarbetet.</p><p>Nyckelord: Implementering, implementeringsteori, behandlingsinstrument, Youth Outcome Questionnaire (Y-OQ 2.0), institutionsbehandling</p>
3

Att nyttja behandlingsinstrument i socialt behandlingsarbete med ungdomar på institution : En studie om faktorer som påverkar implementeringsprocessen

Frogner, Louise, Larsson, Christine January 2008 (has links)
SAMMANFATTNING Under 2006 påbörjades arbetet med att nationellt höja kvaliteten på praktiskt socialt arbete. Socialstyrelsen gav då ut nya råd och riktlinjer för hur socialtjänsten kan stärka och utveckla sitt behandlingsarbete. Utifrån detta blir det allt vanligare att mer strukturerade manualer och behandlingsinstrument införs i arbetet. Ett sådant instrument är Youth Outcome Questionnaire, som under hösten 2007 implementeras i en kommunal behandlingsverksamhet i Örebro. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hindrande och möjliggörande faktorer som omgärdar implementeringen av ett behandlingsinstrument i en behandlingsverksamhet för ungdomar på institution. Syftet preciseras genom följande frågeställningar: Hur följdes det behandlingsarbetet upp innan implementeringen av instrumentet? Vad har föranlett att enheten beslutat att införa det nya behandlingsinstrumentet Y-OQ 2.0? Vilka möjliggörande eller hindrande faktorer har föregått implementeringsarbetet av instrumentet? Vilka negativa eller positiva faktorer framkommer i det praktiska handhavandet och tillämpningen av instrumentet? Studien har en kvalitativ ansats och bygger på semistrukturerade intervjuer med sex personer ur personalgruppen i den aktuella verksamheten. Tolkningsramen utgörs i huvudsak av implementeringsteori. Resultatet visar att personalen har en positiv inställning till arbetet med instrumentet. Man har inte tidigare arbetat utifrån strukturerade utvärderingsmetoder i form av instrument eller manualer och en majoritet av respondenterna ser behovet av utvärdering i verksamheten. Hindrande faktorer under implementeringen visar sig främst i att man upplever utbildningen som något bristfällig och att man inte heller fått någon handledning kring instrumentet. Detta har lett till osäkerhet kring användandet av detta liksom hur man ska använda de resultat som framkommer, vilket också visar på de praktiska svårigheter detta medfört. De möjliggörande faktorerna handlar till stor del om personalens positiva attityd och vilja att använda sig av det nya verktyget. I diskussionen förs resonemang kring implementeringens effekter på behandlingsverksamheten och instrumentets tillämpningsområde inom behandlingsarbetet. Nyckelord: Implementering, implementeringsteori, behandlingsinstrument, Youth Outcome Questionnaire (Y-OQ 2.0), institutionsbehandling
4

Trait emotional intelligence, client symptoms, and predictive factors in wilderness therapy

Zolotas, Kostas 28 April 2022 (has links)
Background: Mental health issues and harmful substance use are problems that affect many Canadian youth. Wilderness therapy (WT) is a residential adventure-based therapy modality shown to have some success in treating these issues. Further research is needed regarding the ways that participants change, and if there are certain individuals that benefit more from this treatment than others. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the changes in presenting problems and trait emotional intelligence of participants at one WT organization in Ontario, Canada. The working alliance - shown to have a positive impact on therapeutic treatment - along with sex and age, were examined to determine if these elements moderate outcomes. Methodology: Two separate samples were created from archival data provided by the participating organization. The first sample includes pre and post Youth Outcome Questionnaires (N=30, 14 to 18 year olds). The second sample includes pre and post Trait-Emotional Intelligence Questionnaires (N=68 youth, 16 to 20 year olds). All participants in both groups completed one Working Alliance Inventory post-WT. Descriptive statistics were calculated, paired t-tests were run, and Pearson correlation matrices and visualizations were created. Findings/Conclusions: Findings indicate that older male individuals report greater reductions in presenting problems as a result of their participation in WT. Trait emotional intelligence did not seem to change, and the working alliance did not seem to moderate any of these outcomes. / Graduate
5

Parent Functioning and Child Psychotherapy Outcomes: Predicting Outcomes in Usual Care

Packard, Anna Elise 14 November 2009 (has links) (PDF)
A prominent need in the youth psychotherapy literature includes the examination of mechanisms of change within the context of "real world" clinical settings, where the practice of psychotherapy differs significantly from that in controlled clinical trials. In examining mechanisms of change in youth psychotherapy, variables related to parent functioning may be among the most important factors to consider in predicting and promoting good child outcomes. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate three important aspects of parent functioning—psychological symptom distress, interpersonal relations, and social role performance—as potential predictors of successful treatment outcomes in a traditional community outpatient treatment setting for children and adolescents. Further, this study examined whether parents indirectly benefited from their children receiving services, expanding our view on the scope and benefits inherent in youth psychotherapy. Parent Symptom Distress, Interpersonal Relations, and Social Role performance were measured using the domains of the Outcome Questionnaire 45 (OQ-45; Lambert et al., 2004), and youth treatment outcomes were measured using the parent and self-report versions of the Youth-Outcome Questionnaire (Y-OQ; Burlingame, Wells, Lambert, & Cox, 2004; Y-OQ-SR; Wells, Burlingame & Rose, 2003). Using Hierarchical Linear Modeling with this sample of 339 youth, aged 4-17 and their parents, this study examined the relationship between these parent domains and youth progress in therapy. Results revealed that parent Symptom Distress and Social Role performance improved significantly over the course of youth treatment. Further, Social Role performance at intake significantly predicted the rate of change in parent-reported youth outcome; and Interpersonal Relations at intake significantly predicted rate of change in youth-reported outcome. Finally, changes in parent Social Role performance were associated with changes in youth symptoms over the course of treatment. Examining the associations between these variables is an important step toward identifying potential mechanisms of change in youth mental health treatment. The results of this study provide valuable information on the importance of attending to parent functioning in the assessment and treatment of youth mental health issues.
6

Measurement Implementation in Youth Psychotherapy: An Examination of Barriers and Facilitators of Y-OQ and TSM Implementation

Collett, Tess Janeen 01 August 2019 (has links)
Studies have shown a concerning and disproportionate amount of treatment failure and premature termination in youth populations. Routine measurement feedback has been proposed as a means to prevent treatment failure and premature termination for adults and may also improve youth mental health services. However, studies examining helpfulness of measurement feedback systems in youth populations have demonstrated a lack of effects more likely due to poor measurement implementation than to the measurement feedback system itself. Because contexts within the service settings are such crucial factors in whether an innovation is successfully implemented, examining barriers and facilitators in said contexts is a necessary step towards improving implementation for the ultimate purpose of improving youth mental health services. The present study explored barriers and facilitators to the implementation of the Youth Outcome Questionnaire (Y-OQ) and Treatment Support Measure (TSM) in youth routine clinical care. Thirteen staff of varying job titles, experiences, education and opinions towards measures were interviewed using consensual qualitative research (CQR) methods. Results were similar to previous studies, indicating multilevel barriers and facilitators to measurement implementation such as at the organization, staff, client and measure level. Using CQR data analysis, domains, categories and subcategories along with level of frequency are displayed and discussed in further detail. In addition to barriers and facilitators, interviewees provided recommendations for how to improve implementation of measures within their organization. Researchers provide recommendations of continued communication, re-assessment of barriers and facilitators over time and shared responsibility between stakeholders and professionals invested in improving youth mental health services.

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