Title: Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Back Schools in Vertebrogenic Syndromes of Low Back Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of particular back schools. The main goals were to prove the successfulness of back schools in patients with vertebrogenic algic syndrome, to find out jobs with the most promising response to back schools and to reveal possible use of back schools in children. Methods: The dissertation has a descriptive-analytical character and was conducted as a literature review. Results: The results showed the effectiveness of the back schools concept in chronic low back pain. The effect was particularly obvious after two-month duration of the programmes. The most promising results were observed in professionals whose lumbar spine is overexerted due to heavy loads lifting or due to daily routines set into ergonomically inconvenient workplace. The back school concept might be used in children as well, who can mainly take advantage of active exercises and correct ergonomics. This dissertation also sums up other physiotherapeutic concepts relating to this subject. Key words: Back school, low back pain, prevention

Title: A systematic review of pain assessment tools Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to create a systematic review of the most widely used multidimensional tools (questionnaires) for assessing pain in patients with nonspecific pain of the cervical and lumbar spine. From the available sources, describe their use, the purpose it was generated for, their reliability, validity, and finally arrange the questionnaires from the most used and assess their advantages and disadvantages for use in clinical practice of physiotherapist. Method: The thesis is processed through a systematic review. The subject of the thesis are pain evaluating tools, especially in the cervical and lumbar spine. The studies containing questionnaires used to assess pain in the cervical and lumbar spine were searched out. Data extraction was carried out according to pre-specified criteria. Unsatisfactory studies were excluded. After the relevant questionnaires selection a content analysis of each tool was conducted, built a systematic review of the most commonly used questionnaires and their critical evaluation. Results: On the basis of the entire set of relevant studies I described and evaluated 14 questionnaires. Five of them are designed specifically for low back pain. They are the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire,...

Title: Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders amongst Physical Therapists and Assistants in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Aim: 1) To determine the prevalence of work related musculoskeletal disorder among physical therapist and assistants in physical therapy departments in Jeddah city. 2) To determine what age and sex (male- female) has the highest rates of disorders 3) To determine the most problematic area in the body that physical therapist and assistants complain from. Methods: Modified Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire which was adapted in a study was made Kuwait in the year of 2010 it's a combination of self-writing and multiple choice questions. Paper based survey was distributed to 165 participants from different work settings in Jeddah City then analysed with SPSS analytics software. Result: The percentage of Work related musculoskeletal disorder among physical therapists in Jeddah city is 86.1%. The risk factors associated with work was scored as moderate by 70.3%. The low back region is most body parts complained about by 42.42%. Both sexes (Male-Female) where affected equally as age, BMI was not related significantly except in few body parts. Also, the absence of assistive machinery devices was only significant in two (Shoulder and Wrist) body region where the rest was not significant. Thus...

The world statistics state that 80% of the population encounter pains in the back. These problems were accelerated by modern times, that thanks, to the technical comfort, brought to many people health troubles resulting from the lack of exercise. I chose the subject {\clqq} Training of the back`` because I work as physiotherapist and the people feeling pains in the back belong to my profession every day. I occupy myself with the given problems. Considering the present state of the given problems, I concentrated on the most important connection concerning the training of the back. First, I described the backbone as a part of the locomotory system. Another guideline that was interconnection of muscular groups of the back, chest, abdomen and of the pelvis, that build the muscular corset. I described locomotory stereotypes and disorders there of in particular relations. Integral part of the present state that is the origin of the pain, its cause, diagnosis and therapy. In the theoretical part I dealt with general principles as to the training of the back and with the importance of this training for the therapy of vertebrogenous patients. The aim of the work and of the research was to discover whether a change in locomotory stereotypes before and after therapy took place at patients with pains in lumbosacral part of the backbone and to propose for three different professions the therapy inclusive of necessary regiment measures. The hypothesis was proclaimed that the therapy including also the training of the back will bring about the change locomotory habits of the patients. Secondary analysis of data from health documentation in combination with directly watching the patents were used as technology of the research. The last form of the research is the questionnaire interviewing of the patients suffering from pains in the lumbosacral part of the backbone. It concerns an integral research with prevailing technologies of quantitative research. The basic check group, that are clients of the physiotherapeutical clinic, who suffer from back pains in the lumbosacral part of the backbone. 100 patients altogether underwent the therapy. They were given the same number of questionnaires. All of them were returned. Theoretical questionnaire investigation was under way from October 2007 to March 2008. I used diagrams in processing the collected data and show the results in percentages. I chose three different professions in the course of therapy, and that secretary, forester and student doing sport and I proposed for them the therapy of back pain, that included also the training of their backs and regimen measures as pain prevention. The proclaimed hypothesis was confirmed in connection with the aim of the work. The research work, I carried out, present analysis of particular locomotory stereotypes. The results showed that locomotory habits had been improved after the therapy in direction to psychology. If the patients observe the stereotypes, they learnt and continue the physiotherapy, I chose, and the part of which is also the training of the back, helped not only the patients themselves, but that it brought benefit for the whole physiotherapeutical clinic. The work will be exploited for organization of seminars on the given place of work.

Locomotive organ diseases, such as bad body control, belong nowadays to the most frequent chronic, non-infectious diseases. This problem is not only related to adults but the appearance of this problem in the early children´s age is constantly increasing. According to the research made in 2001 the prevalence of adult locomotive organ diseases varies from 16 % to 30 %, from which the appearance at women patients is more frequently recorded. Locomotive organ diseases at children, which need a long term medical monitoring, represent 16 %. The occurrence of bad body control was reported at 30 % of younger school age children in the Czech Republic. 50 % of the respondents in the age between 13 and 15 mentioned back ache. Changes in life style not only of adult generation, but above all, of children and teenagers, which result from today´s stressful life conditions, influence negatively human locomotive organs. This thesis focuses on the occurrence of bad body control at elementary school pupils at the age from 11 to 15. The theoretical part summarises knowledge about human locomotive organs, right and bad body control, moreover it gives information about methods used for bad body control diagnosing and it describes examination principles. At the end it covers possibilities of prevention. The practical part of this thesis collects and analyses facts gathered form a questionnaire. The questionnaires were given to pupils at elementary schools in small towns Sedlčany and Příbram and then in the capital city Prague. The aim of this thesis is to monitor the healthy life style of children, especially if they are encouraged to locomotive activities at school and in their free time. Correct method and variety of locomotive activities is very important in the early children´s age as prevention from locomotive organ diseases. Furthermore, the thesis focuses on risk factors causing the occurrence of bad body control, such as weight and long term, one sided spine load of. I try to process these facts and use them to verify or disprove the defined hypothesis. It was proved that children are encouraged to locomotive activities not only at school during their PE lessons, but also by their parents, they attend different sport clubs (football, hockey, dancing, canoeing) and they do a lot of sport activities in their free time (cycling, working out in the gym, swimming). The survey has also shown that on average children spend 6 hours a week doing sports activities and in the contrary they spend 20 hours a week watching television and playing computer games.

Ce travail a pour corpus central les œuvres musicales de trois compositeurs contemporains d’origine arabe : Ahmed Essyad, Zad Moultaka et Saed Haddad. Les démarches compositionnelles de ceux-ci ont en commun qu’elles s’inscrivent dans la pensée critique propre à la modernité musicale occidentale, tout en réinvestissant certains matériaux et procédés dérivés de musiques traditionnelles orales du monde arabe. Aussi le matériau emprunté à la musique orale se trouve à la fois déployé et néanmoins contrarié dans ce qu’il pouvait induire comme conduite normative. Dès lors, l’élément musical de la culture d’origine advient en se transformant, et laisse émerger ce faisant de nouvelles potentialités, quitte à devenir alors non-immédiatement perceptible.En analysant les différents processus d’un tel devenir, ce travail interroge la notion de tradition musicale et, à travers elle, la catégorie de l’identité. Les grands bouleversements socioculturels observés depuis l’époque industrielle ont si profondément atteint les pratiques musicales orales que de telles catégories – tradition et identité – ne peuvent plus se présenter que comme problématiques. Ce travail entend rendre compte du fait que le rapport au patrimoine musical peut s’avérer être d’autant plus vif et fructueux dès lors qu’il s’affranchit de l’impératif identitaire. Dans cette perspective, la contemporanéité est envisagée comme distance critique essentielle par rapport à ce qui se présente comme immédiatement donné, y compris son propre acquis culturel ; son champ opératoire devient a fortiori la relation. Ces réflexions sont, du reste, inspirées d’auteurs comme Theodor Adorno, Walter Benjamin et Édouard Glissant. / The central corpus of this work consists of three contemporary composers of Arab origin: Ahmed Essyad, Zad Moultaka et Saed Haddad.Their compositional approaches have a shared basis in the critical thought of western musical modernity, while at the same time they reinvest certain materials and processes derived from traditional oral music of the Arab-Berber world. In addition, the material borrowed from oral music is both deployed and yet thwarted in what it could induce as normative conduct. Consequently, the musical element of the culture of origin occurs by transforming itself, and lets emerge new potentialities, which may not be immediately perceptible.Analyzing the different processes of such a development, this work interrogates the notion of traditional music as well as the category of identity contained within. The major socio-cultural upheavals witnessed since the industrial period have so profoundly affected these oral musical practices that such categories – tradition and identity – must be viewed as problematic. This work intends to account for the fact that the relation to musical heritage can prove to be all the more lively and fruitful as soon as it breaks with the imperative of identity. From this perspective, contemporaneity is envisaged as a critically essential distance in relation to that which presents itself as immediately given, including its own cultural heritage. Its operative field becomes the a fortiori relation. These reflections are influenced by the work of thinkers such as Theodor Adorno, Walter Benjamin and Édouard Glissant.

Title: Effect of mobility exercises in offline and online environment on subjective perception of back pain Objectives: The main goal of this work was to determine whether the onset of daily mobility contributes to the reduction of individual's back pain perception. Within the work the results between the offline and online group was compared. Methods: The diploma thesis has the character of qualitative research, where case study of 20 probands was applied. Online input and output questionnaires were compiled to obtain data, which respondents filled in at the beginning and end of the intervention. Results: The research included 11 women and 9 men aged 21 - 44 years. Individuals have mostly sedentary jobs and some of them play recreational sports in their free time. At the end of the intervention, all individuals showed an improvement on the scale of the pain intensity, when the perceived back pain was alleviated or disappeared. The offline group performed better than the online group. Conclusion: The study confirmed that the inclusion of daily mobility contributes to the reduction of subjectively perceived back pain. It confirmed that exercising in offline lessons is more effective than in an online environment. Keywords: mobility, back pain, diaphragmatic breathing, torso stabilization, DNS

Variables predicting the effects of surgery in patients with low back pain Abstract The theoretical part of the thesis summarizes the knowledge about pain and its types, especially chronic pain. Than we focus on low back pain and currently used approaches in the treatment of this syndrome. In this work we summarize the influence of central sensitization and adverse life experineces and posttraumatic stress disorder on pain (especially low back pain). In the practical part, we investigated the effect of central sensitization and adverse life events and posttraumatic stress disroder on the effect of spinal surgery in low back region. The results were obtained using Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), PTSD Cecklist dor DSM-5 (PCL- 5) a Life Event Checklist (LEC-5 Standard), Short Form 36 Helth Survey Questionnaire (SF- 36), NASS Lumbar Spine Questionnaire. The obtained data were statistically evaluated and processed. Higher scores of CSI and LEC-5 (more adverse life events) were both statistically significantly correlated with worse low back surgery outcomes. At the same time, a statistically significant relationship between PCL-5 (checklist of PTSD symptoms) and CSI was confirmed. Keywords Pain, central sensitization, adverse life experiences, adverse life events, PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder,...

Title of master's thesis: The relation between backache and urinary incontinence Aims: The aim of the thesis is to find relations between various body structures. The main focus is on the analysis of the connections between backache and urinary incontinence depending on duration of backache, localization, backache promotion and sports activities. Methods: The survey was carried out by a four-page questionnaire. In total there was a group of 97 respondents, 79 women and 18 men, who had problems with backache, urinary incontinence or both. The age range of the respondents was from 18 up to 84 years. The questionnaires were distributed to specialized clinical centers in the fields of rehabilitation and physical medicine. The survey data was processed and analyzed by using the statistical program SPSS, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results: The results indicate that there is a relation between backache and urinary incontinence. There is also a relation between promotion of pain in the lower extremities and urinary incontinence. Moreover, it has shown that more than half of the respondents had backache and urinary incontinence at the same time. However, the last two results have not been found statistically significant. According to the survey there is a proved influence of the...

Le mouvement d’occupation de la ZAD de Notre-Dame-des-Landes milite depuis 2009 aux côtés des associations citoyennes et des paysan-ne-s en lutte pour la préservation du bocage menacé par la construction d’un aéroport international. L’organisation sociale de la « Zone d’Autonomie Définitive » repose sur le refus de la séparation du domaine légitime de la délibération, une critique radicale de la représentation qui se prolonge dans une perspective d’émancipation. Cette thèse de sociologie politique explore les effets de la perspective de l’autonomie sur la formation de l’« être-en-commun » des occupant-e-s qui se manifeste dans les formes qu’ils.elles donnent à leurs processus de socialisation, à leurs échanges économiques et cognitifs, à leurs procédures de décision, aux rapports de pouvoir qui les distinguent et à leurs pratiques de justice. Elle s’appuie sur une enquête ethnographique d’un an (2013-2014) qui m’a permis de confronter les représentations et les pratiques des occupant-e-s à une analyse théorique des modalités de matérialisation d’autres possibles. En réintroduisant une activité de sens dans la théorie des formes sociales que la sociologie des réseaux sociaux emprunte à Georg Simmel, cette thèse souhaite contribuer aux efforts opérés par la science sociale anarchiste pour déconstruire le « préjugé gouvernemental », la croyance en la nécessité d’un ordre et d’une direction. A travers l’étude des controverses qui animent la vie quotidienne des occupant-e-s, j’insiste ainsi sur l’irréductibilité d’un ensemble de tensions qui façonnent une vie sociale fondée non pas contre la différenciation individuelle, mais contre la logique d’intégration qui l’empêche. / The “occupation movement” of the ZAD of Notre-Dame-des-Landes fights since 2009 with the “citizen associations” and the “peasants in struggle” to preserve a humid hedgerow situated in the region of Britanny (France) against the building of an international airport. The social organization of the “Zone of Definitive Autonomy” is based on a radical critic of political representation which fosters a perspective of emancipation, a perspective of autonomy. This thesis in political sociology explores its effects on the formation of an alternative “être-en-commun” (“being-in-common”) through practices of socialization and justice, economical and cognitive exchanges, decision making processes and power relationships. This theoretical analysis of the materialization of “another possible” is based on an ethnographic fieldwork conducted between 2013 and 2014. Combining a pragmatic approach to the theory of forms mobilized by social network theories, this thesis adds a fragment to the deconstruction of the “governmental prejudice” the anarchist social science researches have undertaken. Through the study of a series of controversies which have been raised by the occupants during my fieldwork, I insist on the irreducibility of a set of tensions which shape a social life based on an important process of individual differentiation.