自古以來，遊民(homeless )就一直存在人類社會。在過去，遊民主要是災民或乞丐，他們多半由於戰亂、天災、瘟疫、疾病、意外傷害等因素，而造成流離遷徙，甚至無家可歸的慘況，因此向為政府及地方善心人士布施的對象。現代的遊民，除了某些戰禍頻仍或經濟落後的地區，主要因為失業、貧窮、疾病、缺乏住宅，以及家庭破碎等而露宿街頭、公園、火車站等公共場所，或暫時棲身遊民收容所。他們的組成更廣泛地涵蓋社會的底層，包括失業工人、臨時短工、精神病患、單親婦女及失依兒童等，不僅人數暴增，並有日益複雜的趨勢，因此，此課題值得深入探討之需要。
本研究為瞭解臺北縣的遊民形成原因、遊民生活處境、遊民情感性、工具性社會支持及人生觀與未來展望，採深入訪談法，以12位遊民及4位從業人員為訪談對象。研究發現：受訪者對遊民印象充滿污名化與標籤化，加上現行社會救助法的資格審查機制背後所隱藏的工作倫理與家庭照顧責任，及社會福利發展趨勢邊緣化遊民福利，使遊民形同被社會拋棄的一群人。
最後，依據本研究發現提出幾項建議，包括：（一）全國統一界定遊民；（二）政府、民間與居民共同為遊民脫離遊民生活；（三）政府部門橫向聯繫，建立綿密整合性團隊工作模式；（四）預防高風險家庭生計者落入遊民；（五）預防走失人口淪為遊民；（六）重視人權，加強社區居民認知宣導；（七）加強政府與民間單位合作機制；（八）開設遊民職業媒合專門窗口，提供就業機會、急難救助與短期住宅；（九）建立遊民的自信心，推動社會重建協助重回職場；及（十）鼓勵大專院校社會工作相關科系學生實習或組成社團。 / From time immemorial, homeless has been existing in human being society. In the past, homeless were mainly of victims or beggars, who were suffered from wars, disasters, plague, diseases and accidents, forcing them scatter around, nowhere like home to stay, and became the target group aided by the government and local charities. In contrast, homeless people today, besides those who are in the war regions or low economy development areas, are caused by unemployment, poverty, disease, lack of shelters, and misfortune/unhealthy family as to live on the streets, parks, stations , either the other public places or stay in the homeless institutions temporarily. The whole group is widely contained of the bottom level of the society, including unemployed workers, temporary workers, mental sickness people, single-child parents (or mother) and orphans. The number of this group is increasing, and also growing more complicated. As the result, the problem requires deep research and discussion.
The purpose of this study is to understand the reasons of being homeless, living conditions of homeless, emotional and instrumental supports from home and society, and the their perspectives of life and future. By taking deep interview, there are 12 homeless people and 4 homeless-relevant employees as the interviewees. The study found that interviewees have bad impressions and biases on homeless, moreover the inspecting mechanism of the qualification under the social rescue regulations has presumed the working ethic and family care responsibilities, while the benefit of homeless in the whole social welfare is lessening, homeless were like being abandoned by the society.
Eventually, the research proposed several suggestions: (1) unified definition of homeless group; (2)aligning government、civil and residents to help homeless out of their homeless life; (3) horizontally connect governmental sub-division as to establish an integrated team work pattern; (4)prevent high-risk-family becoming homeless; (5) prevent stray becoming homeless; (6) emphasize on human rights, and strengthen the announcement in the community; (7) reinforce the corporation between government and civil authorities; (8) set up the service counter regarding to homeless as to provide job opportunities、emergent rescue and help, and temporary settlement; (9) rebuild the confidence among homeless and promote society reconstruction and aid to return working force; (10) encourage students who takes social work and other related subjects to practice intern or to organize clubs.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0095921018 |
| Creators | 石桂榕 |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
Page generated in 0.0021 seconds