都市發展固然帶動了經濟成長、生活舒適、交通便利等諸多正面效益，但隨著都市不斷向外發展之成果，卻也帶來了都市內的空間擁擠、交通壅塞、空氣汙染、生活環境惡化等現象，以及都市外的分散、無秩序蔓延發展等環境問題。為解決這些問題，都市規劃者提出大眾運輸導向發展理念。從都市化之觀點來看，發展大眾運輸導向能降低都市蔓延，提昇都市內之使用密度，減少私人運具之使用，進而降低能源消耗、改善空氣品質。然而，運輸建設具有改變土地使用模式與活動區位，進而帶動人口、產業在空間上重新分布的特性；當運輸建設的興建促使周邊都市活動頻繁時，少有研究探討到大眾運輸導向帶來的效益，是否會隨著人口、產業往捷運沿線聚集，反而使交通流量增加，進而造成空氣品質愈加惡化之問題。因此，本研究從捷運營運前後台北市空氣品質變化之觀點，以台北市433個里之1995年至2006年為研究範圍，以懸浮微粒為汙染變數，運用空間分析法和長期追蹤資料實證分析法，探討捷運、人口及產業三者對空氣品質之影響程度。 / 研究結果顯示，人口密度和就業密度對懸浮微粒濃度有顯著正向影響，因此，政府在推廣大眾運輸導向理念，鼓勵人口和產業往捷運沿線發展時，需有完善配套措施，否則將導致反效果－空氣品質的惡化。而有捷運經過之村里對懸浮微粒濃度有顯著正相關；但是分析各年度懸浮微粒可發現，台北市年平均懸浮微粒濃度下降，且隨捷運路網愈加完善，空氣品質愈好。因此，捷運建設雖造成沿線懸浮微粒濃度的上升，但卻降低了整體懸浮微粒濃度，提昇台北市空氣品質。 / Urban development is driven by economic growth, comfortable living, convenient transportation and other positive benefits. However, the results of urban development also brought crowdedness, traffic congestion, air pollution, environment degradation inside the city, and sprawl development out of the city. To solve these problems, urban planners proposed mass transit-oriented development (TOD) concept. From the perspective of urbanization, developing TOD can reduce urban sprawl, enhance the use of space inside the city, and reduce the use of cars. Further, these can decrease energy consumption and improve air quality. However, a transportation system can change the land-use patterns and redistribute the population and industries. Few studies have discussed whether the benefits of TOD will gather people and industries along the mass rapid transit (MRT), where results in the increase in traffic and more deterioration of air quality are inconclusive. Therefore, from the perspective of air quality varies over time in Taipei before and after the operation of MRT, this study uses spatial analysis and panel data analysis to investigate the impact of MRT, population and industry on air quality in 433 villages of Taipei City from 1995 to 2006. / The results show that population density and employment density have significant positive effects on the concentrations of PM10. Thus, when promoting the concept of TOD and encouraging the development of population and industry along the rapid transit, the Government should plan and implement the proper procedure; otherwise they will result in rising air pollution. The villages along the rapid transit have significant positive effects on the concentrations of PM10. However, analysis of the annual PM10 concentration can be found that the annual average has declined in Taipei City; the air quality will be better with a more extensive rapid transit network. Although the construction of transit system will cause the increase in the concentration of PM10 along the rapid transit, it has decreases the overall concentration of PM10 in Taipei City.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0096257005 |
| Creators | 鄭婷尹, Cheng, Ting Yin |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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