台灣社會隨著醫療及衛生水準提升，平均餘命亦逐年提高，人口高齡化趨勢日益顯著。又伴隨退休觀念的轉變，及退休年齡的提前，退休者步入退休生活，身處現今的休閒時代，除有大量的休閒時間外，並將面臨20年至30年以上的老年生活。爰退休人員休閒生活、生活規劃與生活適應情形所關乎其退休生活的良寙，並如何於高齡化社會中，啟開退休黃金歲月的新頁益顯重要，此課題值得深究。
本研究採取深入訪談法，以考試院暨所屬機關退休公務人員為研究對象，依退休人員性別及退休時所具之官職等，邀請12名退休公務人員為訪談對象。旨在瞭解退休公務人員休閒生活的情況、探究其生涯規劃的情形及分析生活適應的情況，本研究有以下發現：
一、休閒多元化、心境樂活遊：退休公務人員於卸除壓力及空閒增加後，多依興趣多元選擇休閒，心境隨性樂活。
二、隨科技進步、休閒種類新：上網、騎自行車、學習進修、旅遊等休閒活動，成為退休生活中較新及普及的活動項目。
三、揪團結伴行、休閒新模式：利用淡季或平日揪團結伴同行，成為退休公務人員省錢、享受高品質休閒的新模式。
四、休閒幾滿檔、生活多色彩：休閒成為多數退休人員生活的重心，讓生活充滿色彩，並藉不斷提高休閒動能，防止衰老。
五、退休觀念轉、黃金歲月啟：生命是動態，是學習、工作、休息、退休，不斷循環的圓形人生；退休為另一黃金歲月的開啟。
六、獲親友支持、退休助益大：獲得親密的家人及親友支持力量，更能享有美好的退休生活。
七、年齡漸老化、憂醫療開支：退休金為主要經濟來源；又隨著年齡漸長，通常未能預期的醫療開支，是較擔心的經濟負擔。
八、退休有規劃、生活滿意高：退休生活有規劃者，有較高滿意度。
九、照護的政策、瞭解真有限：對相關照護政策，有瞭解的渴望。
十、身段未放下、生活適應難：退休後未適時轉換角色、心境，以及學得生活基本技能，易面臨退休後生活適應的困擾。
十一、體認終須老、期活出意義：“死是生的開始＂要善待自己，生能盡歡，死亦無悔，以活出尊嚴及意義；能以正面、健康與坦然，對退休生活適應有所助益。
最後，根據本研究發現提出下列建議，予退休人員及相關單位參考：
一、退休人員在退休前即應培養興趣，增加退休生活調劑、改變退休心態，學著放下昔日頭銜官職位、作好退休準備及規劃，增加退休生活適應。
二、相關機關及單位可依退休人員需求、增進休閒設施普及性，並安排退休相關講習、提高退休人員退休生活概念。
三、建造退休人員樂齡村、提供退休人員再就業、志工、學習進修等優質環境。
四、建立退休人員專屬網站平臺、提供食、衣、住、行、育樂等資訊，並暢通退休照護訊息。
五、建立退休人力資料庫，以期借重退休人員長才及經驗、增進機關與退休人員互動機制，多加關懷退休人員。 / Since the quality of medical and health care in Taiwan has being improved, life expectancy has gradually risen and population aging is getting serious. Furthermore, because of the concept of early retirement, retirees have longer life of leisure and 20-30 years of aged life. Therefore, the life of Civil Servants’ leisure, life plan and accommodation of life will influence the quality of retirement life. Facing rapidly aging society, initiating a golden retirement life becomes even more important and is worth to be studied.
This study adopted the method of In-depth interview. The objects of study are all retired from The Examination Yuan and its subordinate agencies. Invited 12 interviewees who were retired civil servants with different genders and job positions to understand their life of leisure, life plan and l accommodation of ife . This study has the following findings.
1.Diversified leisure and LOHAS (lifestyles of health and sustainability): After releasing the pressure as well as getting more leisure time, most of retired civil servants participate in diversified leisure activities by interest, and live a LOHAS life.
2.Scientific and technological progress, as well as new leisure activities: Surfing the internet, biking, extension education, and traveling become the most popular activities after retirement.
3.Traveling together and new leisure style: Traveling together during low seasons or on weekdays to save money and enjoy higher quality tourism becomes a new lifestyle.
4.Leisure activities and colorful life: Leisure activities become the life focus of most retirees, and engage them frequently in leisure activities to delay aging.
5.Changing concept and initiating a golden life: Life is dynamic and is a circulative circle which consists of learning, working, leisure and retirement. Retirement is the origin of another golden life.
6.Benefit from the family support: Getting support from family and friends can enrich one’s retirement life.
7.High medical expenses due to aging: Retirement pension is the major income. Therefore, unexpected medical expenses become an economic burden.
8.A good retirement plan can make a satisfactory life: Retiree who has a good retirement plan has higher satisfaction.
9.Limited understanding of care policy: Retirees are keen to understand the care policy.
10.Difficult to adjust oneself to new conditions because of not coming down off one’s high horse: Easy to worry about retirement life because retirees have not changed mind and learned the basic living skills.
11. Recognize aging and live with meaning: “Death is the beginning of another birth”. Be nice to yourself. With positive thinking, healthy lifestyle, and composed mind, retirees can accommodate themselves easily to retirement life. Enjoy oneself thoroughly even in death without regret to live with dignity and meaning.
In light of above findings, this study propounds the following to retirees and the authorities concerned for references.
1. Before retirement, retirees shall cultivate hobbies to enliven spice to retirement life, change attitude and forget the last job positions and titles, make a good retirement plan and prepare for retirement to adapt quickly to the retirement life.
2. Catering to the need of retirees, the proper authorities shall promote the opportunities for them to participate in leisure activities, and arrange seminars to enhance their comprehension.
3. Build senior villages for retirees. Offer the opportunities for re-employment, volunteer work, and extension education.
4. Set up the internet platform to provide the information regarding the basic necessities of life (food, clothing, housing and transportation) for retirees, and circulate the information of retirement care.
5. Build the data bank of human resource to utilize retirees’ abilities and experience, build up the interaction mechanism between organs and retirees, and show more concern for retirees.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0097921052 |
| Creators | 祝康玲 |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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