面對國際貿易環境全球化，國內企業經營發展策略與目標已經從本土拓展到全球。目前許多國際大型企業（例如HP、DELL）在勞動與土地成本較低廉之東南亞與大陸等地選擇供應商進行全球採購，或將生產基地移至當地，再將採購之產品銷往母國或行銷至全球市場。而扮演供應商的台灣企業將營運總部與設計等部門留在台灣，因此跨國生產所需的原物料、到成品配送之物流控管相當重要。
台灣為發展「全球運籌中心」近年來進出口原物料與成品改用航空貨運或快遞做全球物流配送愈來愈多，為增加廠商全球競爭力的提升，海關實施縮短通關時程之簡化制度稱之空運簡易報關制度，對全方位物流運輸服務業者UPS、DHL、FEDEX在快遞專區使用其通關作業更為簡便與無紙化，無疑對本土國際物流業者造成更大生存威脅與競爭壓力。台灣的國際物流業者規模小而且過多，在彼此激烈競爭下，顯少業者對服務功能的擴大、資訊化的服務、專業人才的培育做積極投資來提升服務品質。
國際物流業者面對企業需求不斷的增加，多數業者只是想辦法應付客戶現狀要求，少數業者能提供更多的物流服務。由於物流涵蓋業務與範圍廣大，以我國國際物流業者的體質來看，惟有物流業界的水平整合或垂直整合，加上資訊科技化，才能滿足趨勢需求，才能有競爭力。整合的解決方案為何，由誰來整合最有機會與條件，本論文將以國外物流產業發展方向及國內國際物流產業的分析，找出我國國際物流業者的未來發展，是否可以發展出我國的第四方物流為研究的課題。
目前國外國際物流的發展現況與趨勢，對我國國際物流的發展影響，以及我國製造產業大量外移中國大陸、高科技產業對供應鏈整合服務的需求，業者如何提出完整的物流服務架構，我國國際物流業者能否發展成為第四方物流，以此第四方物流共同服務兩岸三地市場。故本研究之目的要探討在國際貿易全球化的趨勢下，國際物流的發展方向為何，對我國物流產業的影響分析及探討我國第四方物流讀未來規劃。 / Taiwan enterprises have shifted their business strategy and goal from the domestic to the global market in order to adapt themselves to the globalization trend. Today, multinational corporations such as HP and DELL either set up their purchase center at South East Asia or/and China to locate their suppliers, or they move their manufacturing plant to those areas where labor cost and land cost are relatively cheaper. These MNCs later ship the products they purchase or produce in low cost areas to their headquarters or global marketplace. As for Taiwanese enterprises who play the role as the suppliers in this global value chain, since their headquarters and R&D centers are normally located in Taiwan while they need to ship the raw materials and finished goods to overseas, the logistics management becomes a critical issue.
In aim to become the ‘global logistics center’, airfreight or courier express is used by the enterprises for global delivery in greater scale in the recent years. At the same time, Taiwan Customs has simplified the customs clearance procedures which they named it ‘Simplified Clearance for Express Consignment’ to shorten the cargo clearance time and facilitate the paperless customs clearance for courier express service providers like UPS, DHL and FEDEX. This beneficial act to the big courier express players creates stronger competition and threat to the local global logistics service providers who are the majority in the marketplace but with smaller company size. Even though under the severe competition, Taiwan local logistics service providers didn’t expand their service, nor enhance their management information system, nor cultivate professional staff to improve the service quality.
Facing the unceasing requirements from the enterprises, global logistics service providers are merely struggling to fulfill the present needs of the customs, few of them can provide additional logistics services. Since the service and business scope of logistics industry is very wide; and given the constitution of Taiwanese global logistics service providers, the only solution to improve the competitiveness of Taiwan global logistics industry is to integrate the logistics industry both vertically and horizontally with the support of the information technology. This paper will discuss the integration solution and the best candidate to integrate the logistics industry. Based on the study of the development trend of the logistics industry in foreign countries and the local logistics industry analysis, this paper will discuss the future development of Taiwan global logistics service providers and explore the possibility of developing forth-party logistics in Taiwan.
Observing the current status and the development trend of the foreign global logistics industry, as well as the strong needs to integrate the supply chain for local high-tech industry, this paper will present the architecture of the logistics service in aim to develop into forth-party logistics to serve the cross-strait market.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0091932610 |
| Creators | 方念德, Fang,Nien Te |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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