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Previous issue date: 2014-09-08 / Na segunda metade do s?culo XX houve a ascens?o da imagem do Quilombo dos Palmares e
de seu l?der Zumbi como her?is da liberdade, do povo negro e da nacionalidade brasileira. Por?m, no
final do s?culo XIX a imagem do Quilombo estava longe de ser positiva, representava tudo que as
elites intelectuais e pol?ticas brasileiras n?o gostariam que estivesse vinculada a nacionalidade. Em
quase cem anos o Quilombo dos Palmares passou de inimigo da na??o ao status de her?i nacional;
deixou de ser um grupo de africanos que impediria o progresso da civiliza??o brasileira, para ser a
grande epopeia do negro brasileiro. A quantidade de escritos que abordavam esse tema, aumentou
consideravelmente, durante o s?culo XX, demonstrando a import?ncia atribu?da a Palmares, pelos
intelectuais deste per?odo. Dentre os estudiosos, estava o m?dico e antrop?logo alagoano Arthur
Ramos, ministrante de uma confer?ncia em 1938, intitulada ?O esp?rito associativo do negro?, e autor
do cap?tulo ?A Rep?blica de Palmares?, publicado em 1939 no livro ?The negro in Brasil?. O objetivo,
por conseguinte, foi analisar o espa?o imagin?rio, o Quilombo dos Palmares, composto por Ramos nos
seus escritos, relacionando a constru??o desse espa?o com a tradi??o historiogr?fica sobre Palmares e
a ?cena de produ??o? em que o autor estava inserido. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida entre os campos da
Hist?ria Cultural dos Espa?os e da Hist?ria da Historiografia. O Quilombo dos Palmares foi
compreendido como espa?o imaginativo, seguindo as colabora??es de Edward Said concentrando-se
nos significados simb?licos ou po?ticos. Para analisar a historiografia, utilizamos a an?lise do
discurso, fundamentada na descontru??o de Jacques Derrida, na qual pensamos como um
procedimento de questionamento, de decomposi??o e de re-organiza??o dos discursos. Juntamente,
com a opera??o historiogr?fica de Michel de Certeau, possibilitou compreender os mecanismos da
escrita da hist?ria. Nos textos de Arthur Ramos, estavam concentradas as principais conclus?es de
uma nova perspectiva sobre Palmares. O professor Ramos, colocou-se como herdeiro de Raimundo
Nina Rodrigues, dando continuidade as pesquisas sobre as popula??es negras no Brasil, ocasionando
uma narrativa concentrada nos pr?prios palmarinos, n?o nos seus conquistadores. No entanto,
distanciou-se da perspectiva racista de Rodrigues, aproximando-se da antropologia cultural norteamericana,
possibilitando a produ??o de Palmares como resist?ncia ao processo de acultura??o
imposto aos escravos. Como leitor das produ??es dos Institutos Pernambucano e Alagoano,
principalmente de Jaime Altavilla e de Manoel Ar?o, conhecia uma narrativa heroica do evento, ainda
que ligada a constru??o das identidades estaduais. Arthur Ramos ampliou esse discurso, ao produzir o
Quilombo dos Palmares, como obra da qualidade e capacidade do Negro brasileiro. / In the second half of the twentieth century saw the rise of the Quilombo dos Palmares
image and its leader Zumbi as heroes of freedom, black people and the Brazilian nationality. However,
in the late nineteenth century the image of Quilombo was far from positive, represented everything
that Brazilian intellectuals and political elites would not like that was linked to nationality. In almost a
hundred years the Quilombo dos Palmares went from enemy nation to the status of national hero;
ceased to be a group of Africans who impede the progress of Brazilian civilization, to be the great epic
of the Brazilian black. The amount of writings that addressed this issue, has increased considerably
during the twentieth century, demonstrating the importance attributed to Palmares, the intellectuals of
this period. Among scholars, he was the doctor and Alagoas anthropologist Arthur Ramos, lecturer of
a conference in 1938 entitled "The associative spirit of the black," and author of the chapter "The
Republic of Palmares", published in 1939 in the book "The black in Brazil ". The goal, therefore, was
to analyze the imaginary space, the Quilombo dos Palmares, composed by Ramos in his writings,
relating to the construction of this space with the historiographical tradition of Palmares and the "scene
production" in which the author was inserted. The research was conducted among field of Cultural
History of Spaces and History of Historiography. The Quilombo dos Palmares was understood as
imaginative space, following Edward Said collaborations focusing on symbolic or poetic meanings. To
analyze the historiography, we use discourse analysis, grounded in the deconstruction of Jacques
Derrida, we thought of as a procedure of questioning, decomposition and re-organization of discourse.
Along with the historiographical operation Michel de Certeau, enabled us to understand the
mechanisms of historical writing. The writings of Arthur Ramos, were concentrated the main
conclusions of a new perspective on Palmares. Professor Ramos put himself as the heir of Raimundo
Nina Rodrigues, continuing research on the black population in Brazil, resulting in a concentrated
narrative Palmares themselves, not their conquerors. However, distanced himself from racist
perspective Rodrigues, approaching the North American cultural anthropology, enabling the
production of Palmares as resistance to acculturation process imposed on slaves. As productions of
Pernambuco and Alagoas Institutes, mainly Jaime Altavilla and Manoel Aaron reader, knew a heroic
narrative of the event, although linked to the construction of state identities. Arthur Ramos extended
this discourse, to produce the Quilombo dos Palmares, according to their quality and capacity of the
Brazilian Negro.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/19731 |
| Date | 08 September 2014 |
| Creators | Souza, Thyago Ruzemberg Gonzaga de |
| Contributors | 80772846715, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4329353374197075, Santiago J?nior, Francisco das Chagas Fernandes, 88101592334, http://lattes.cnpq.br/8893350729538284, Turin, Rodrigo, 00665987960, http://lattes.cnpq.br/5721938287561420, Peixoto, Renato Amado |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM HIST?RIA, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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