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Previous issue date: 2015-06-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O teste de associa??o impl?cita (TAI) criou recursos para acesso aos fen?menos dificilmente expostos atrav?s de autorrelatos ou medidas expl?citas, tradicionais nos estudos em Psicologia. Embora esta t?cnica de mensura??o esteja entre as mais consistentes nas publica??es internacionais, poucos artigos cient?ficos no Brasil estudaram o TAI se aprofundando em quest?es te?ricas ou pr?ticas. Isto gerou um desn?vel entre a dissemina??o desta medida no pa?s e a produ??o observada nos laborat?rios internacionais, tanto do ponto de vista quantitativo como qualitativo. Nesse contexto, a cria??o dos laborat?rios virtuais (online) implementados em diversos pa?ses, incluindo o Brasil, criou oportunidades singulares para contornar estas disparidades. Nosso trabalho buscou esclarecimentos te?ricos e conceituais, contextualizando-os no desenvolvimento hist?rico do TAI e de sua vers?o online, com o objeto de direcionar de forma acess?vel a apresenta??o in?dita do TAI online adaptado ao p?blico brasileiro. Em uma segunda etapa, investigamos empiricamente os dados obtidos pelo portal eletr?nico brasileiro do TAI ?Pa?ses?. Neste processo, analisamos o grau de nacionalismo impl?cito de 2271 brasileiros coletados desde o in?cio de 2009 at? o final de 2014. Nosso objetivo foi verificar se os resultados dos dados obtidos em um momento de grande confronto esportivo (Copa do Mundo da FIFA de 2010 e de 2014), se diferem de outros per?odos em que o torneio n?o ocorreu. Nossas an?lises apontaram diferen?as estatisticamente significativas para a amostra na v?spera do confronto esportivo, quando o aumento do nacionalismo impl?cito foi claramente superior, mesmo com aus?ncia de efeito pelos autorrelatos. Em um terceiro momento, efetuamos uma an?lise independente do contexto temporal da amostra, encontrando diferen?as estat?sticas significativas entre ambos os graus de nacionalismo (impl?citos e expl?citos) entre os sexos dos participantes. Neste caso, as mulheres se mostraram mais nacionalistas que os homens, mesmo que ambos tenham atitudes de prefer?ncias impl?citas pelo Brasil. No fechamento do trabalho, sugerimos que o nacionalismo seja um subproduto dos mecanismos mentais universais evolu?dos, corroborando com a teoria do favoritismo grupal que fundamenta a teoria de identidade social. Al?m disso, apontamos a necessidade de estudos entre as diferen?as entre os sexos em quest?es relacionadas ao grupo de pertin?ncia, uma vez que esper?vamos dos homens maiores atitudes nacionalistas, como reflexo da manuten??o de grupos coesos em sociedades ancestrais. N?o obstante, tudo indica para a import?ncia singular em se aprofundar nos estudos do TAI e do TAI online para investiga??es futuras do comportamento humano em diversas ?reas do conhecimento. / The Implicit Association Test (IAT) has succeeded in accessing mental phenomena hardly exposed through self-report and explicit measures well known in the traditional studies on psychology. Although this measurement technique is among the most consistent in international publications, the few articles in Brazil have not deepened on theoretical issues that underlie the practice. This created a gap between the spread of this measure in the country and the production seen in international laboratories, both at quantitative and qualitative terms. In this context, the online labs implemented in several countries, including Brazil, created unique opportunities to overcome these disparities. Our work sought theoretical and conceptual clarification, contextualized to the historical development of the IAT and its online version, displaying affordably an unprecedented presentation of the virtual tool adapted to the Brazilian public. In a second step, we investigated empirically the data obtained by the Brazilian electronic portal "Countries", analyzing the degree of implicit and explicit nationalism of 2271 Brazilian subjects collected from early 2009 to late 2014. Our goal was to determine whether the data results obtained in a time of major sporting confrontation (FIFA World Cup 2010 and 2014) differ from periods when the tournament did not happen. Analyzes showed differences on the eve of the sporting confrontation, when the increase in the implicit nationalism was clearly superior, even with no effect by self-reports. In an independent analysis of a cultural context, there is an oscillation of explicit nationalism over the years, but not for the implicit action. In addition, it was found in women greater degree of implicit and explicit nationalism than in men, with both sexes presenting their preferences towards Brazil. In an end section, we suggest that nationalism may be a by-product of universal mental mechanisms that evolved to identify of the belonging group categorization, corroborating with the group favoritism. We propose that the intensification of the group preference on the eve of the competition has as its ancestral function strengthen the cohesion of the group in preparation to confrontational situations. We pointed out the need for studies on the differences between the sexes in matters relating to group membership belonging. It was expected largest nationalist attitudes in men reflecting the maintenance of cohesive groups in ancient societies. Thus, it appears a singular importance impart the traditional TAI studies with its online version for future investigations of human behavior in various areas of knowledge.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/21077 |
| Date | 15 June 2015 |
| Creators | Wajss, Daniel Stephan |
| Contributors | 25715330297, http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170, Alencar, Anuska Irene de, 70225150425, http://lattes.cnpq.br/3862711030465297, Rodrigues, Ronaldo Pilati, 01652576959, http://lattes.cnpq.br/3025261458644097, Yamamoto, Maria Emilia, Pereira J?nior, Antonio |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM PSICOBIOLOGIA, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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