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Previous issue date: 2008-11-12 / This study includes the results of the analysis of areas susceptible to degradation by remote sensing in semi-arid region, which is a matter of concern and affects the whole population and the catalyst of this process occurs by the deforestation of the savanna and improper practices by the use of soil. The objective of this research is to use biophysical parameters of the MODIS / Terra and images TM/Landsat-5 to determine areas susceptible to degradation in semi-arid Paraiba. The study area is located in the central interior of Para?ba, in the sub-basin of the River Tapero?, with average annual rainfall below 400 mm and average annual temperature of 28 ? C. To draw up the map of vegetation were used TM/Landsat-5 images, specifically, the composition 5R4G3B colored, commonly used for mapping land use. This map was produced by unsupervised classification by maximum likelihood. The legend corresponds to the following targets: savanna vegetation sparse and dense, riparian vegetation and exposed soil. The biophysical parameters used in the MODIS were emissivity, albedo and vegetation index for NDVI (NDVI). The GIS computer programs used were Modis Reprojections Tools and System Information Processing Georeferenced (SPRING), which was set up and worked the bank of information from
sensors MODIS and TM and ArcGIS software for making maps more customizable. Initially, we evaluated the behavior of the vegetation emissivity by adapting equation
Bastiaanssen on NDVI for spatialize emissivity and observe changes during the year 2006. The albedo was used to view your percentage of increase in the periods
December 2003 and 2004. The image sensor of Landsat TM were used for the month of December 2005, according to the availability of images and in periods of low emissivity. For these applications were made in language programs for GIS Algebraic Space (LEGAL), which is a routine programming SPRING, which allows you to perform various types of algebras of spatial data and maps. For the detection of areas susceptible to environmental degradation took into account the behavior of the emissivity of the savanna that showed seasonal coinciding with the rainy season, reaching a maximum emissivity in the months April to July and in the remaining
months of a low emissivity . With the images of the albedo of December 2003 and 2004, it was verified the percentage increase, which allowed the generation of two
distinct classes: areas with increased variation percentage of 1 to 11.6% and the percentage change in areas with less than 1 % albedo. It was then possible to
generate the map of susceptibility to environmental degradation, with the intersection of the class of exposed soil with varying percentage of the albedo, resulting in classes susceptibility to environmental degradation / A presente pesquisa compreende os resultados de an?lises de ?reas suscet?veis a degrada??o ambiental por sensoriamento remoto no semi-?rido nordestino, o que ?
um fato preocupante e atinge toda popula??o e o efeito catalisador desse processo ocorre pelo desmatamento da caatinga e por pr?ticas inadequadas do uso do solo.
Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa ? utilizar par?metros biof?sicos do sensor MODIS/Terra e as imagens TM/Landsat-5 para determinar as ?reas suscept?veis ao
processo de degrada??o no semi-?rido para?bano. A ?rea de estudo localiza-se no sert?o central da Para?ba, na Sub-bacia do Rio Tapero?, com m?dias anuais de precipita??o inferiores a 400 mm e temperatura m?dia anual de 28?C. Para a elabora??o do mapa de cobertura vegetal foram utilizadas as imagens TM/Landsat- 5, especificamente, a composi??o colorida 5R4G3B, mais utilizada para mapeamento do uso do solo. Este mapa foi confeccionado pela Classifica??o Supervisonada por M?xima Verossimilhan?a. A legenda corresponde aos seguintes alvos: vegeta??o de caatinga densa e esparsa; vegeta??o ciliar e solo exposto. Os par?metros biof?sicos utilizados do sensor MODIS foram: emissividade, albedo e
?ndice de Vegeta??o por Diferen?a Normalizada (NDVI). Os programas computacionais de geoprocessamento utilizados foram o Modis Reprojections Tools e o Sistema de Processamento de Informa??es Georreferenciadas (SPRING), no qual foi montado e trabalhado o banco de informa??es dos sensores MODIS e TM e o software ArcGIS para a confec??o de cartas mais customiz?veis. Inicialmente, avaliou o comportamento da vegeta??o pela emissividade por meio da adapta??o da equa??o de Bastiaanssen sobre o NDVI para espacializar a emissividade e observar as altera??es durante o ano de 2006. O albedo foi utilizado para visualizar o seu percentual de aumento nos per?odos de dezembro de 2003 e 2004. As imagens do sensor TM/Landsat usadas foram do m?s de dezembro de 2005, de acordo com a disponibilidade das imagens e no per?odo de menor emissividade. Para estas aplica??es foram feitos programas em Linguagem Espacial para Geoprocessamento Alg?brico (LEGAL), que ? uma rotina de programa??o do SPRING, a qual permite realizar v?rios tipos de ?lgebras de dados e mapas espaciais. Para a detec??o de ?reas suscept?veis ao processo de degrada??o ambiental levou-se em considera??o o comportamento da emissividade da caatinga que se mostrou sazonal coincidindo com o per?odo chuvoso atingindo o m?ximo de emissividade nos meses de abril a
julho e nos restantes dos meses uma baixa emissividade. Com as imagens do albedo de dezembro de 2003 e 2004, foi verificado o seu aumento percentual, o que possibilitou a gera??o de duas classes distintas: ?reas com aumento da varia??o percentual de 1 a 11,6% e ?reas com varia??o percentual inferior a 1% do albedo. A partir da? foi poss?vel gerar o mapa de susceptibilidade ? degrada??o ambiental, com o cruzamento da classe de solo exposto com a varia??o percentual do albedo, resultando em classes susceptibilidade ? degrada??o ambiental
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/18896 |
| Date | 12 November 2008 |
| Creators | Paiva, Luiz Ant?nio Nascimento de |
| Contributors | CPF:20610700430, http://lattes.cnpq.br/3687987476428917, Nascimento, Paulo S?rgio Rezende, CPF:55737110672, http://lattes.cnpq.br/1024049545092108, Gomes, Cilene, CPF:06677676811, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4907904919744128, Silva, Fernando Moreira da |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Geografia, UFRN, BR, Din?mica e Reestrutura??o do Territ?rio |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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