Thesis (PhD(Sport Sc))--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this research was to gain insight into the sprinting of
athletes with selected physical disabilities. The sprint performances of four
Paralympic athletes (T43, T13, T37 and T38 classifications) were analysed in
terms of variability in the biomechanics of their set position and in the kinematics
of the initial acceleration phase and the maximal acceleration phase of their 100m
sprints. The athletes also reported their perceptions about the potential of a rhythm
training programme to influence their sprinting.
A case study approach was used. Sprint kinematics were video-recorded
four times over the training year. DartFish ProSuite software supported the digital
tagging of anatomical landmarks and the calculation of the biomechanical features
of the set position as well as the kinematics of each athlete. A subjective log was
used to gather their perceptions about the rhythm training programme.
There was variability in all aspects for all four Paralympic athletes. This
should encourage coaches to help athletes find optimal kinematics in relation to
their disability, rather than trying to coach them to a set template of an ideal form.
Based on the kinematic data collected over all four test sessions, it appears that a
coaching focus on stride length was the key to faster sprinting for this T43
(amputee) athlete. A coaching focus on stride frequency (once optimal stride
length had been discovered) was the key for the T13 sprinter (visually impaired),
and a coaching focus on stride frequency was the key to faster sprinting for both
the T37 and T38 athletes (cerebral palsy). Although all of the athletes enjoyed the
rhythm training programme, only the least experienced athlete (T38) reported that
he would like to continue with this form of training. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie navorsing was om insig rakende die naellooptegnieke
van atlete met geselekteerde fisiese gestremdhede te verky. Die naellooptegnieke
van vier Paralimpiese atlete (T43, T13, T37 en T38 klassifikasies) is ontleed. Die
ontleding is gedoen met betrekking tot die veranderlikheid in biomeganika tydens
hul gereedheidsposisies in die wegspringblokke asook in die kinematika van die
aanvanklike versnellingsfase en die maksimale versnellingsfase gedurende hul
100m naelloopitems. Die atlete het ook hul persepsies rakende ’n ritmiese
oefenprogram wat potensieël hul naellope kon beïnvloed gerapporteer.
’n Gevallestudiebenadering is gebruik. Beeldmateriaal van
naelloopkinematika is vier keer gedurende die oefenjaar vasgelê. “DartFish
ProSuite” sagteware het die digitale kodering van anatomiese punte ondersteun
asook die berekening van biomeganiese eienskappe gedurende die
gereedheidsposisie en die kinematika van elke atlete gefasiliteer. Daar is op ’n
subjektiewe basis boekgehou van die atlete se persepsies rakende die ritmiese
oefenprogram.
Daar was wisselvalligheid in alle aspekte met betrekking tot al vier
Paralimpiese atlete. Dit behoort as aanmoeding vir afrigters te dien om atlete te
help om optimale kinematika in verband met hul gestremdheid te vind, eerder as
om die atlete volgens ’n vaste templaat of ideale vorm te probeer afrig. Volgens
die kinematiese data wat oor die loop van al vier toetsingsessies ingesamel is blyk
dit asof ’n afrigtingsfokus op treëlengte die sleutel tot vinniger naellope vir die T43-
atleet (amputasie) was. ’n Afrigtingsfokus op treëfrekwensie (nadat optimale
treëlengte bewerkstellig is) was die sleutel vir die T13-atleet (visueel gestremd) en
’n afrigtingsfokus op treëfrekwensie was die sleutel tot vinniger naellope vir beide
die T37- en T38-atlete (serebrale gestremdheid). Alhoewel al die atlete die
ritmiese oefenprogram geniet het, het slegs die mees onervare atleet (T38)
aangedui dat hy met hierdie vorm van oefening sou wou aanhou.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:netd.ac.za/oai:union.ndltd.org:sun/oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/86436 |
| Date | 04 1900 |
| Creators | Andrews, Barry S. |
| Contributors | Bressan, E. S., Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Education. Dept. of Sport Science. |
| Publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| Source Sets | South African National ETD Portal |
| Language | en_ZA |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis |
| Format | 180 p. : ill. |
| Rights | Stellenbosch University |
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