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Previous issue date: 2008-07-15 / It was conducted a survey of the major diseases that occur in orchids in the State of Rio de
Janeiro, through collection of plants in various localities in the period April 2006 to June
2008. Fifty-three plants had their diseases and pathogens identified, of which 35.9% were
infected by fungi, being 17% by Fusarium oxysporum, 13.2% by Colletotrichum
gloeosporioides, 1,9% by Botrytis sp., 1,9% by Puccinia sp. and 1.9% by Phyllosticta
capitalensis. 51% of the plants were infected by virus with simple and double infections of
Cymbidium mosaic virus - CymMV and Odontoglossum ringspot virus - ORSV. 1.9% were
infected by the bacterium Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum and 3.8% by
nematodes of the genus Aphelenchoides. The nematodes Aphelenchoides fragariae and A.
ritzemabosi were identified infecting hybrid orchids, which is the first report of parasitism of
these nematodes in orchid and of A. ritzemabosi parasiting Asplenium nidus L. in Brazil. It
also made the first record of the occurrence of Cymbidium mosaic virus - CymMV infecting
Bamboo orchid Arundina bambusifolia Lindl. in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Based on the
identification of pathogens of that survey, it was developed a diagnostic kit for the main
diseases of orchids. Aiming to test antimycotic properties of three substances in culture
medium for cultivation of orchids, using as test- plants Sophronitis cernua Lindl. and
Epidendrum ellipticum Grah. Of the substances tested, only powdered cinnamon
(Cinnamomum zeylanicum J. Presl), at the dose of 6 grams / liter positively influenced the
germination of seeds of Epidendrum ellipticum Graham, and the addition of clove (Syzygium
aromaticum) at doses of 3, 5 and 6 grams / liter caused the inhibition of in vitro germination
of seeds of Epidendrum ellipticum Graham. and Sophronitis cernua (Lindl.) Hook. The
addition of commercial garlic (Allium sativum L.) powder in doses of 6 and 10 grams / litre,
also inhibited in vitro germination of seeds of Epidendrum ellipticum Graham. / Foi realizado levantamento das principais doen?as que ocorrem em orqu?deas no Estado do
Rio de Janeiro, atrav?s de coleta de plantas em v?rias Localidades, no per?odo de abril de
2006 a junho de 2008. Cinq?enta e tr?s plantas tiveram suas doen?as e pat?genos
identificados, dos quais 35,9% das plantas estavam infectadas por fungos, sendo 17% por
Fusarium oxysporum, 13,2% por Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, 1,9 % por Botrytis sp.,
1,9% por Puccinia sp. e 1,9% por Phyllosticta capitalensis. 51% das plantas estavam
infectadas por v?rus com infec??es simples e duplas de Cymbidium mosaic virus - CymMV e
Odontoglossum ringspot virus - ORSV. 1,9 % estavam infectadas pela bact?ria
Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum e 3,8 % por nemat?ides do g?nero
Aphelenchoides. Foram identificados os nemat?ides Aphelenchoides fragariae e A.
ritzemabosi infectando orqu?deas h?bridas, sendo esse o primeiro relato de parasitismo desses
nemat?ides em orqu?dea e de A. ritzemabosi em Asplenium nidus L., no Brasil. Foi feito
tamb?m o primeiro registro da ocorr?ncia Cymbidium mosaic virus CymMV infectando
plantas da esp?cie Arundina bambusifolia Lindl. no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Com base na
identifica??o dos pat?genos desse levantamento, desenvolveu-se um kit diagn?stico para os
principais fitopat?genos de orqu?dea. Objetivou-se testar tr?s subst?ncias de propriedades
fungist?ticas em meio de cultivo de propaga??o de orqu?deas, utilizando-se como plantas-teste
Sophronitis cernua Lindl. e Epidendrum ellipticum Grah.. Das subst?ncias testadas, apenas
canela em p? (Cinnamomum zeylanicum J.Presl), na dosagem de 6 gramas / litro influenciou
positivamente a germina??o de sementes de Epidendrum ellipticum Graham, sendo que o
acr?scimo de cravo-da-?ndia (Syzygium aromaticum) comercial picado nas doses de 3, 5 e 6
g/l causou a inibi??o da germina??o in vitro das sementes de Epidendrum ellipticum Graham.
e Sophronitis cernua (Lindl.) Hook. O acr?scimo de alho (Allium sativum L.) em p? comercial
nas doses de 6 e 10 g/l, tamb?m inibiu a germina??o in vitro das sementes de Epidendrum
ellipticum Graham.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:localhost:tede/500 |
| Date | 15 July 2008 |
| Creators | Klein, Everaldo Hans Studt |
| Contributors | Cassino, Paulo Cesar Rodrigues |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Curso de P?s-Gradua??o em Fitossanidade e Biotecnologia Aplicada, UFRRJ, Brasil, Entomologia Aplicada |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ, instname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, instacron:UFRRJ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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