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Previous issue date: 2017-03-31 / In order to provide the understanding of the meaning of the mass social movements
observed in the years 2011, in Spain and in the United States of America, and 2013,
in Brazil, based on a legal approach, the present thesis intends to identify the
phenomena and motivations related to the Rule of Law. The networked social
movements carry with them a richness of peculiarities that bewilders the observer?s
gaze, to the point of not being fully understood in their capacities and range of
pretensions, neglecting their meaning in the legal field. Such wealth generates
effects in the availability to perform, itself, in its relations with space and time and in
the capacity of discourse production. The plurality of demands, or the apparent lack
of pretensions, reveals deeper issues, that do not have a claim/response
relationship, but which relate to the loss of legitimacy of constitutive elements and of
the State. From this perspective, the work approaches the structural, conformation
and technological characteristics, and their relations with space, time and
information ownership. Defined the focus of the analysis in the Movimiento 15M,
Occupy Wall Street and the Brazilian Journeys, it searches, in sociology, the concept
of social movement, in order to identify the framing possibilities. In the face of fluidity,
having by criterion the content of the pretensions, it stablished a definition linked to
the defense of rights and a categorization regarding the plurality of agendas. Thereof
the thesis investigates and identifies the common legal content of the claims: the
frustration over the State?s failure to fulfill its obligations and the discrediting of the
democratic regime. From this point, it reviews the second industrial revolution reality
? moment of birth of the mass democracy ?, seeking to identify its intrinsic
characteristics. In dialectical relation to the neoliberal economic model, it points out
their incompatibilities. The signaling of loss of state legitimacy directs the work to the
analysis of the concept of Rule of Law, through three authors who are not related to
each other: Hans Kelsen, Jacques Chevallier and Tom Bingham. From this unlikely
combination of criteria emerges a definition of Rule of Law in which the pyramid of
kelsenian normative hierarchy rests on a tripod of legitimacy composed by public
liberties, democracy and the role of State. From this image, it concludes that the
meaning of the networked social movements reveals the crisis of the Rule of Law.
The attempt to recover its legitimacy is made possible by expanding the forms of
participation in the democratic regime. The exclusively representative model
deserves a rereading and an interaction with other forms of popular participation. As
a response to the democracy crisis it proposes a continuous exercise of forms of
direct deliberative democracy, as means to answer specific questions and to define
budgetary allocations. The reformulation of the democratic model is a possibility of
greater prominence to the citizen, who takes over the role of rights fulfiller,
reinforcing communal and solidarity bonds. / Com a finalidade de propiciar a compreens?o do significado dos movimentos sociais de massa verificados nos anos de 2011, na Espanha e nos Estados Unidos da Am?rica, e 2013, no Brasil, a partir de uma abordagem jur?dica, a presente tese procura identificar os fen?menos e motiva??es que guardam rela??o com o Estado
de Direito. Os movimentos sociais em rede carregam consigo uma riqueza de peculiaridades que desnorteiam o olhar do observador a ponto de n?o serem percebidas, de forma plena, as suas capacidades e amplitude de pretens?es, sendo negligenciado o seu significado no campo jur?dico. Tal riqueza produz efeito na pr?pria disponibilidade de atua??o e nas suas rela??es com espa?o, tempo e capacidade de produ??o do discurso. A variedade de demandas, ou a aparente aus?ncia de pretens?es, revela quest?es mais profundas que n?o guardam uma rela??o reivindica??o/resposta, mas que se traduzem na perda de legitimidade do Estado e de seus elementos constitutivos. Definido o foco an?lise no Movimiento 15M, Occupy Wall Street e nas Jornadas brasileiras, passa, a fim de identificar a possibilidade de enquadramento, a buscar na sociologia o conceito de movimento social. Diante da fluidez do conceito, tendo por crit?rio o conte?do das pretens?es, estabelece uma defini??o vinculada ? defesa de direitos e uma categoriza??o referente ? pluralidade de pautas. Da?, o trabalho investiga a identifica??o jur?dica comum das reivindica??es: a frustra??o frente ? omiss?o do Estado no cumprimento de suas obriga??es e o descr?dito do regime democr?tico. A partir de tal constata??o, busca na an?lise da realidade da segunda revolu??o industrial, momento do nascimento da democracia de massas, a identifica??o de caracter?sticas que lhe s?o indissoci?veis. Em rela??o dial?tica com o modelo econ?mico neoliberal, aponta as incompatibilidades de conv?vio. A sinaliza??o de perda de legitimidade estatal direciona o trabalho para a an?lise do conceito de Estado de Direito constru?do a partir de tr?s autores que n?o guardam rela??o entre si: Hans Kelsen, Jacques Chevallier e Tom Bingham. Dessa improv?vel conjuga??o de crit?rios emerge um conceito de Estado de Direito em que a pir?mide de hierarquia normativa kelseniana se apoia sobre um trip? de legitimidade composto pelas liberdades p?blicas, pela democracia e pelo papel do Estado. Desse desenho conclui que o significado dos referidos movimentos sociais em rede revela a crise do Estado de Direito. A tentativa de sua recupera??o se faz poss?vel por meio da amplia??o das formas de participa??o no regime democr?tico. O modelo exclusivamente representativo merece uma releitura e o conv?vio com outras formas de participa??o popular. ? crise da democracia se prop?e o exerc?cio cont?nuo de formas de democracia deliberativa direta para responder quest?es espec?ficas e definir destina??es or?ament?rias. A reformula??o do modelo democr?tico ? uma possibilidade de maior protagonismo ao cidad?o, a assumir o papel de realizador do direito e a refor?ar os la?os comunit?rios e de solidariedade.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/7621 |
| Date | 31 March 2017 |
| Creators | Oliveira, Felipe Cardoso Moreira de |
| Contributors | Souza, Draiton Gonzaga de |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Direito, PUCRS, Brasil, Escola de Direito |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | -1046629855937119302, 500, 500, 500, 4512033976268881925, -7277407233034425144 |
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