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Previous issue date: 2012-02-24 / CAPES / The planting of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] is growing in the Midwest of Brazil, which is characterized by a technified agriculture, with an average yield of 1000 kg ha-?. New technologies of inoculation as carriers and the agricultural practice of pre inoculation are presented as alternative to current technologies. Thus the objective of this study was to evaluate technologies for cowpea inoculation in the Midwest region of Brazil. The quality of the polymeric IPC 2.2 inoculant was evaluated for the cells survival at 180 days of storage and the ability to maintain viable cells after five weeks of inoculation. The agronomic performance of the polymeric inoculant and the pre inoculation were compared with technologies already recommended, in three different experiments with the same cultivate (BRS Guariba) in areas of Embrapa Agrobiologia (Serop?dica-RJ), Embrapa Agrossilvipastoril (Sinop-MT) and in the New Horizon farm ? Seeds Tomazetti (Primavera do Leste, MT). The contribution of biological nitrogen fixation was quantified by 15N natural abundance delta (?) in the two experiments in Mato Grosso State. In the experiment at Embrapa Agrobiologia the polymeric inoculant IPC 2.2 was compared with peat and liquid carriers, plus nitrogen treatments with 50 and 80 kg N ha-? and the absolute treatment. In the experiment at Embrapa Agrossilvopastoril the treatments were pre inoculated with polymeric inoculant IPC 2.2 and peat carrier, with 0, 1, 2 and 5 weeks before planting for both inoculants plus addition of nitrogen (70 kg N ha-?), and the absolute treatment. The assay at the New Horizon farm was in a central pivot area of 60 ha with the strains: BR3267 in the polymeric and liquid carriers; BR3262 in polymeric; and a consortium of four recommended strains (BR3267, BR3262, and BR3301 BR3302) in the polymeric carrier. The polymer showed inoculant cell concentration higher than 109 cells per gram after 180 days, and in the field experiment the formulation IPC 2.2 provided yield above the reference treatment and equal to the N treatment, and the peat and liquid carriers. The pre-inoculation with the polymeric blend with five weeks had the highest nodule dry mass, however it did not differ from the N control and the absolute, and the treatments did not differ for the productivity. In the essay at the Novo Horizonte farm the inoculation with the consortium of four strains had the highest nodule dry mass, and it differed from the BR3267 in liquid carrier and the BR3262. The contribution of biological nitrogen fixation did not exceed 50%, and the highest averages were obtained with 48% and 39% of N originated from biological fixation, respectively in the pre inoculation essay (14 days in the peat carrier), and with the BR3262 at the New Horizon farm with the polymeric carrier. Thus, it is concluded that the polymer inoculant might be recommended for the traditional form inoculation of the cowpea crop, and inoculation should be a common practice, since it was proven that with the no inoculated seeds there was no biological nitrogen fixation. / O plantio de feij?o-caupi [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] vem crescendo no Centro-Oeste do Brasil, que se caracteriza por uma agricultura tecnificada, com m?dia de produtividade de 1000 kg ha-?. Novas tecnologias de inocula??o, como ve?culos e uma pr?tica agr?cola de pr? inocula??o apresentam-se como alternativa as tecnologias atuais. Assim o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar tecnologias de inocula??o de feij?o-caupi na regi?o Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Foi avaliada a qualidade do inoculante polim?rico IPC 2.2, quanto ? sobreviv?ncia de c?lulas aos 180 dias de armazenamento e quanto ? capacidade de manter c?lulas vi?veis ap?s cinco semanas de inocula??o. O desempenho agron?mico do inoculante polim?rico e da pr? inocula??o foi comparado com as tecnologias j? recomendadas em tr?s experimentos distintos com a mesma cultivar BRS Guariba nas ?reas da Embrapa Agrobiologia (Serop?dica-RJ), Embrapa Agrossilvipastoril (Sinop-MT) e na fazenda Novo Horizonte- Sementes Tomazetti ( Primavera do Leste-MT). Foi quantificada a contribui??o da fixa??o biol?gica de nitrog?nio pela abund?ncia natural do delta 15N (?) nos dois experimentos no Mato Grosso. No experimento na Embrapa Agrobiologia o inoculante polim?rico IPC 2.2 foi comparado com os ve?culos turfoso e l?quido, mais os tratamentos nitrogenados com 50 e 80 kg N ha-? e o absoluto. No experimento na Embrapa Agrossilvipastoril os tratamentos foram pr? inoculados com inoculante polim?rico IPC 2.2 e turfoso com 0, 1, 2 e 5 semanas antes do plantio para ambos inoculantes, mais o tratamento nitrogenado (70 kg N ha-?) e o absoluto. O ensaio na fazenda Novo Horizonte foi em ?rea de piv? central de 60 ha, com as estirpes: BR3267 em ve?culo polim?rico e l?quido; BR3262 em ve?culo polim?rico; e o cons?rcio das quatro estirpes recomendadas (BR3267, BR3262, BR3301 e BR3302) em ve?culo polim?rico. A formula??o IPC 2.2 manteve concentra??o de c?lulas superior a 109 c?lulas por grama ap?s 180 dias e no campo ela proporcionou uma produtividade superior ao tratamento absoluto e igual a dos tratamentos nitrogenados, ve?culos turfoso e l?quido. A pr?-inocula??o com a mistura polim?rica com cinco semanas obteve a maior massa de n?dulos secos, por?m n?o diferiu do controle nitrogenado e absoluto, assim como na produtividade os tratamentos n?o diferiram entre si. No ensaio na fazenda Novo Horizonte a inocula??o com o cons?rcio das quatro estirpes obteve a maior massa de n?dulos secos e diferiu da BR3267 em ve?culo l?quido e da BR3262. A contribui??o da fixa??o biol?gica de nitrog?nio n?o ultrapassou os 50%, obtidas as maiores m?dias com 48% e 39% do N oriundo da fixa??o biol?gica respectivamente nos ensaios de pr?-inocula??o (14 dias no ve?culo turfa) e com a BR3262, na fazenda Novo Horizonte e em ve?culo polim?rico. Assim, se conclui que o inoculante polim?rico pode ser recomendado para inocula??o tradicional do feij?o caupi e que a inocula??o da cultura deve ser uma pr?tica corriqueira, uma vez que foi comprovado que com sementes n?o inoculadas n?o houve fixa??o biol?gica de nitrog?nio.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:localhost:jspui/1970 |
| Date | 24 February 2012 |
| Creators | SILVA J?NIOR, Elson Barbosa da |
| Contributors | Boddey, Robert Michael, Xavier, Gustavo Ribeiro, Boddey, Robert Michael, Anjos, L?cia Helena Cunha dos, Soares, Lu?s Henrique de Barros, Zilli, Jerri ?dson |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Agronomia e Ci?ncia do Solo, UFRRJ, Brasil, Instituto de Agronomia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ, instname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, instacron:UFRRJ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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