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The effects of a centralized college admission mechanism on migration and college enrollment: evidence from Brazil

Submitted by Christiane Szerman (chriszerman@gmail.com) on 2015-07-28T14:26:31Z
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Previous issue date: 2015-04-29 / No Brasil, a recente reformulação do Exame Nacional de Ensino Médio (ENEM) e a criação do Sistema de Seleção Unificada (SISU), um mecanismo de admissão centralizado que aloca os alunos às instituições, promoveram mudanças relevantes no Ensino Superior. Neste artigo, investigamos os efeitos da introdução do SISU na migração e evasão dos alunos ingressantes a partir dos dados do Censo de Educação Superior. Para tal, exploramos a variação temporal na adesão das instituições ao SISU e encontramos que a adoção do SISU está associada a um aumento da mobilidade entre municípios e entre estados dos alunos ingressantes em 3.8 pontos percentuais (p.p) e 1.6 p.p., respectivamente. Além disso, encontramos um aumento da evasão em 4.5 p.p. Nossos resultados indicam que custos associados à migração e comportamento estratégico são importantes determinantes da evasão dos alunos. / Although decentralized assignment mechanisms have been increasingly replaced by centralized systems as part of education reforms, empirical evidences of such transitions are limited. In this paper, we investigate the effects of introducing a centralized admission system that allocates students to Higher Education Institutions on migration and college enrollment. We use rich data from Brazilian Higher Education to construct measures of migration and dropout. Exploiting time variation in adoption of a centralized mechanism across institutions, we find that the adoption of a centralized mechanism increases inter-municipality and interstate mobility of first-year students by 3.8 percentage points (p.p.) and 1.6 p.p., respectively. The system is also associated with an increase by 4.5 p.p. in dropout rate of first-year students. Overall, our findings suggest that migration and strategic behaviors during the application process play a crucial role for an increase in dropout.

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:bibliotecadigital.fgv.br:10438/13875
Date29 April 2015
CreatorsSzerman, Christiane
ContributorsAssunção, Juliano Junqueira, Costa, Francisco Junqueira Moreira da, Escolas::EPGE, FGV, Machado, Cecilia
Source SetsIBICT Brazilian ETDs
LanguageEnglish
Detected LanguageEnglish
Typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
Sourcereponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, instname:Fundação Getulio Vargas, instacron:FGV
Rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

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