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Previous issue date: 2017-01-04 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), have a prevalence increasing considerably. It is the only clinical cases that include among the diagnostic procedures the neuropsychological evaluation as mandatory to confirm cognitive and / or functional decline in these individuals. The evaluation of the functionality can be performed directly (eg, Direct Assessment of Functional Status - Revised (DAFS-R)) or indirect (eg, Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire (ADL-Q)). The present master's thesis consists of two studies: (1) aiming at comparing functional performance through direct versus indirect evaluation, and comparing the accuracy of functional performance between groups; And (2) in order to investigate the relationship between the cognitive domains (mnemonic, linguistic, attentional and executive) and direct functionality, as well as whether and how different cognitive domains predict functional performance. The initial sample consisted of 123 individuals, after examining the exclusion criteria. The sample of both studies was divided into 90 elderly adults, divided into three groups: n = 27 controls, n = 35 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) = 28 With mild AD. In the study (1) the direct (DAFS-R) and indirect (ADL-Q) evaluations were used and in (2) the instruments used were: Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test; Brief Neuropsychological Assessment Instrument (prospective memory, semantic memory, sentence span of words in sentences, inverse count); Wechsler intelligence scale for adults (digits, sequence of numbers and letters, codes and look for symbols); Hayling test; Track test; Montreal-Toulouse Battery for Language Assessment (listening and speaking); Montreal Assessment of Communication Battery (free verbal, semantic and phonological fluency) and DAFS-R. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0 was used for the analyzes. In the study (1), MANCOVA was used to verify the performance of each direct functional domain of the participants in the groups and for those who differed, ROC curves were performed to verify the diagnostic accuracy of the functional scales between the groups. In the direct evaluation, it was observed a better accuracy to differentiate MCI from AD, as well as good accuracy to differentiate MCI controls; The indirect evaluation did not differentiate MCI controls, but showed good accuracy to differentiate MCI from AD. With this, the direct evaluation instrument proves to be extremely important in the elderly who do not have an informant. In the study (2) Spearman correlation was performed between DAFS-R and cognitive components and Stepwise linear regression for all strong correlations found. The domains that most predicted functionality were working memory and late episodic memory. Thus, it can be observed that both performance of executive functions (working memory) and mnemonic is relevant for the functional performance of elderly individuals. In this way, it can be concluded that the evaluation of the direct functional performance presented discriminative power between all the groups investigated. In addition, functional performance was better explained by executive functioning performance than mnemonic performance. Preventive actions, better diagnostic accuracy and guidelines for improving quality of life may consider executive functions and direct examination of functionality among their assumptions. / Quadros neurodegenerativos, como a doen?a de Alzheimer (DA), tem preval?ncia aumentando consideravelmente. S?o os ?nicos quadros cl?nicos que inclui dentre os procedimentos diagn?sticos a avalia??o neuropsicol?gica como obrigat?ria para se confirmar decl?nio cognitivo e/ou funcional nestes indiv?duos. A avalia??o da funcionalidade pode ser realizada de maneira direta (Ex.: Direct Assessment of Functional Status - Revised (DAFS-R)) ou indireta (Ex.: Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire (ADL-Q) (ADL-Q)). A presente disserta??o de mestrado ? composta por dois estudos: (1) visando a comparar o desempenho funcional atrav?s da avalia??o direta versus indireta, e comparar a acur?cia do desempenho funcional entre os grupos; e (2) com o objetivo de investigar a rela??o entre os dom?nios cognitivos (mnem?nicos, lingu?sticos, atencionais e executivos) e a funcionalidade direta, averiguando-se, ainda, se e quanto diferentes dom?nios cognitivos predizem o desempenho funcional. A amostra inicial foi de 123 indiv?duos, ap?s averiguar os crit?rios de exclus?o, a amostra de ambos estudos ficou em 90 adultos idosos, divididos em tr?s grupos: n=27 controles, n=35 pacientes com Comprometimento Cognitivo Leve (CCL) e n=28 com DA leve. No estudo (1) foram utilizadas as avalia??es direta (DAFS-R) e indireta (ADL-Q) e no (2) os instrumentos usados foram: Teste de Aprendizagem Auditivo-verbal de Rey; Instrumento de Avalia??o Neuropsicol?gica Breve (mem?ria prospectiva, mem?ria sem?ntica, span auditivo de palavras em senten?as, contagem inversa); Escala de intelig?ncia Wechsler para adultos (d?gitos, sequ?ncia de n?meros e letras, c?digos e procurar s?mbolos); Teste Hayling; teste de trilhas; Bateria Montreal-Toulouse de Avalia??o da Linguagem (compreens?o e nomea??o oral); Bateria Montreal de Avalia??o da Comunica??o (flu?ncia verbal livre, sem?ntica e fonol?gica) e a DAFS-R. O Statistical Package for the Social Sciences vers?o 20.0 foi utilizado para as an?lises. No estudo (1) foi utilizado MANCOVA para verificar o desempenho de cada dom?nio funcional direto dos participantes nos grupos e para os que se diferenciaram foram realizadas curvas ROC para verificar a acur?cia diagn?stica das escalas funcionais entre os grupos. Observou-se na avalia??o direta uma melhor acur?cia para diferenciar CCL de DA, como tamb?m, boa acur?cia para diferenciar controles de CCL; a avalia??o indireta n?o diferenciou controles de CCL, mas mostrou boa acur?cia para diferenciar CCL de DA. Com isso, o instrumento de avalia??o direta demonstra ser de extrema import?ncia nos idosos que n?o possuem um informante. No estudo (2) foram realizadas correla??o de Spearman entre a DAFS-R e os componentes cognitivos e regress?o linear Stepwise para todas as correla??es fortes encontradas. Os dom?nios que mais predisseram a funcionalidade foi a mem?ria de trabalho e mem?ria epis?dica tardia. Assim, pode-se observar que tanto desempenho de fun??es executivas (mem?ria de trabalho) quanto mnem?nico ? relevante para o desempenho funcional de indiv?duos adultos idosos. Desta maneira, pode-se concluir que a avalia??o do desempenho funcional direta apresentou poder discriminativo entre todos os grupos investigados. Adicionalmente, o desempenho funcional foi melhor explicado pela performance de funcionamento executivo do que mnem?nico. A??es preventivas, de melhor acur?cia diagn?stica e de orienta??es para melhorar qualidade de vida podem considerar as fun??es executivas e o exame direto da funcionalidade dentre seus pressupostos.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/7226 |
| Date | 04 January 2017 |
| Creators | Fransen, Nat?lia Lemos |
| Contributors | Kochhann, Renata |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Psicologia, PUCRS, Brasil, Escola de Humanidades |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 2588426296948062698, 600, 600, 600, 600, -6557531471218110192, 3411867255817377423, 2075167498588264571 |
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