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Previous issue date: 2015-03-17 / The international market for essential oils has an annual turnover of 1.8 billion dollars, yet the Brazilian participation in this market is only 0.1%. The vast biodiversity found in Brazil, although still little explored in relation to the chemical composition of its flora, places the country in a very promising position in terms of increasing its future participation in the essential oils market. Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a widely cultivated aromatic plant due to its medicinal properties. The importance of this species lies in the plant architecture, coloration and morphology of its leaves and flowers, in addition to the chemical composition of its essentials oils, giving specific aromas and having various uses in the culinary, perfume and pharmaceuticals industries. In this study, two experiments were performed with the aim of studying germination in simulated hypergravity and open-air cultivation, to evaluate the growth of the basil, its yield and essential oil composition. The extraction of the essential oils was carried out by steam distillation in a Clevenger apparatus. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the compounds was performed by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer detector (GC/MS). The mean values for germination under the effect of hypergravity simulation in protocols 1, 2 and 3 ranged from 81% to 87%. After this stage, the seeds exposed to simulated hypergravity were cultivated in the open-air and the fresh basil leaves were collected after 90 days to obtain the essential oils. The overall yield of oil was 0.2mL to 0.3mL and the essential oil was 0.3% to 0.4%. The largest and most predominant compound in this research was eugenol, ranging from 46% to 62%, with the second largest being linalool, which ranged from 22% to 28%. Further research in this area is essential to understand the real impact of simulated hypergravity on basil, and its effect on auxins and gene expression. / O mercado internacional de ?leos essenciais movimenta anualmente 1,8 bilh?es de d?lares e a participa??o brasileira nesse mercado ? de apenas 0,1%. A grande biodiversidade brasileira, ainda pouco explorada em rela??o ? composi??o qu?mica de sua flora, coloca o Brasil numa situa??o muito promissora para aumentar sua participa??o futura no mercado de ?leos essenciais. O manjeric?o (Ocimum basilicum L.) ? uma planta arom?tica largamente cultivada, devido ? suas propriedades medicinais. A import?ncia dessa esp?cie est? na arquitetura da planta, na colora??o e na morfologia das folhas e flores, al?m da composi??o qu?mica de seus ?leos essenciais, originando aromas espec?ficos e tendo utiliza??o variada na gastronomia, perfumaria e ind?stria farmac?utica. Nesse trabalho, foram realizados dois experimentos, com o objetivo de estudar a germina??o por hipergravidade simulada e o cultivo a c?u aberto para avaliar o crescimento do manjeric?o, rendimento e a composi??o do ?leo essencial. A extra??o do ?leo essencial foi feita por arraste a vapor em aparelho Clevenger. A avalia??o quantitativa e qualitativa dos compostos foi realizada por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a um detector de massas (CG/MS). As m?dias de germina??o deste trabalho foram de 81% a 87%. Ap?s essa etapa, as sementes sob efeito de hipergravidade simulada foram cultivadas a c?u aberto e, depois de 90 dias, foram coletadas folhas frescas de manjeric?o para obter ?leos essenciais. O rendimento total de ?leo foi de 0,2 mL a 0,3 mL e de ?leo essencial de 0,3%. a 0,4%. O composto majorit?rio e predominante em nossas pesquisas foi o eugenol, variando entre 46% a 62%, e o segundo maior composto foi o linalol, que ficou entre 22% a 28%. Pesquisas nessa ?rea s?o essenciais para entender o real impacto da hipergravidade simulada no manjeric?o, seu efeito na auxina e sua express?o g?nica.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/6110 |
| Date | 17 March 2015 |
| Creators | Goulart, Vin?cius Moser |
| Contributors | Santos, Marlise Ara?jo dos |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Biotecnologia Farmac?utica, PUCRS, Brasil, Faculdade de Farm?cia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 2304961219518893267, 600, 600, 600, -8380654636843378116, 6997636413449754996 |
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