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Previous issue date: 2017-08-18 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Head and neck radiotherapy often involves major salivary glands, which may result in hyposalivation and xerostomia. Qualitative and quantitative salivary dysfunctions predispose the individual to changes in the oral mucosa and teeth, cause impairment to oral functions and negative impact on quality of life. In the first article of this study we carried out a literature review addressing the therapeutic management of salivary dysfunction. Established in the literature treatment modalities were reviewed, as well as new options still under investigation. The second paper describes an experimental study, which aimed to evaluate the radioprotective effect of histamine and lidocaine on morphological changes induced by radiation in parotid glands of rats. Fifty-six Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Control, Irradiated, Lidocaine and Histamine. The experimental groups were submitted to ionizing radiation, with the exception of the control group, in a single session of 20 Gy. In the Lidocaine Group this drug was administered at a concentration of 2%, intraperitoneally 10 minutes before radiotherapy, dose of 1mg / kg. In the histamine group, the substance was administered subcutaneously at a concentration of 0.5 mg/0.5 mL and a dose of 0.1 mg/kg daily for seven days, starting 24 hours before radiotherapy. Seven and 30 days after radiotherapy the animals were euthanized and their parotids were dissected for morphological analysis and measurement of the nuclear area of acinar cells. Morphological alterations such as acinar disorganization, cytoplasmic vacuolation, suggestive alterations of apoptosis / necrosis and nuclear pleomorphism were observed in the glands of the irradiated rats, with no differences between the groups receiving lidocaine or histamine. Nuclear area of acinar cells was significantly higher in the Lidocaine and Histamine groups. Despite this result, the parotid glands of irradiated animals showed significant mophological changes, regardless of treatment with lidocaine or histamine. The methodology used and results obtained in this study do not support the radioprotective effect of administered substances on the morphology of the rats parotid glands. / A radioterapia direcionada ? regi?o de cabe?a e pesco?o frequentemente envolve as gl?ndulas salivares maiores, podendo resultar em hipossaliva??o e xerostomia. Disfun??es salivares qualitativas e quantitativas predisp?e o indiv?duo a altera??es na mucosa bucal e nos dentes, causam preju?zo ?s fun??es orais e impacto negativo na qualidade de vida. No primeiro artigo desta disserta??o foi realizada uma revis?o de literatura abordando o manejo terap?utico das disfun??es salivares. Foram revisadas modalidades de tratamento j? consagradas na literatura, bem como novas op??es ainda em investiga??o. O segundo artigo descreve um estudo experimental que teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da lidoca?na e da histamina sobre altera??es morfol?gicas induzidas pela radioterapia em gl?ndulas par?tidas de ratos. Foram utilizados 56 ratos Wistar, divididos em quatro grupos: Controle, Irradiado, Lidoca?na e Histamina. Os animais foram submetidos ? radia??o ionizante, excetuando-se o grupo-controle, em sess?o ?nica de 20 Gy. No grupo lidoca?na o f?rmaco foi administrado por via intraperitoneal na concentra??o de 2%, 10 minutos antes da radioterapia, na dosagem de 1mg/Kg. No grupo histamina a subst?ncia foi administrada por via subcut?nea na concentra??o de 0,5 mg/0,5 mL e dosagem de 0,1 mg/Kg, diariamente, por sete dias, iniciando-se 24 horas antes da radioterapia. Sete e trinta dias ap?s a radioterapia os animais foram eutanasiados e suas par?tidas foram dissecadas para analise morfol?gica e mensura??o da ?rea nuclear das c?lulas acinares. Altera??es morfol?gicas como desorganiza??o acinar, vacuola??o citoplasm?tica, altera??es sugestivas de apoptose/necrose e pleomorfismo nuclear foram observadas nas gl?ndulas dos animais irradiados, sem diferen?as entre os grupos que receberam lidoca?na ou histamina. A ?rea nuclear das c?lulas acinares foi significativamente superior nos grupos Lidoca?na e Histamina. Apesar deste resultado, as gl?ndulas par?tidas dos animais irradiados apresentaram importantes altera??es morfol?gicas, independente do tratamento com lidoca?na ou histamina. A metodologia utilizada e os resultados obtidos neste estudo n?o suportam o efeito radioprotetor das subst?ncias administradas sobre a morfologia de gl?ndulas par?tidas de ratos.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/7729 |
| Date | 18 August 2017 |
| Creators | Medella Junior, Francisco de Assis Carvalho |
| Contributors | Salum, Fernanda Gon?alves |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Odontologia, PUCRS, Brasil, Faculdade de Odontologia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | -8096554818733665164, 500, 500, 500, 600, 4673435736271820140, -2070498469879244349, 2075167498588264571 |
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