Planktonic microalgae’s bloom can cause losses in aquaculture outputs or even damages in areas of cultivation because of the depletion of oxygen dissolved in water, being favored by the addition of chemical substances that are rich in phosphorus and nitrogen configuring the aquatic cultural eutrophication. This paper aimed to verify the potentiality of the Dendrocephalus brasiliensis (branchoneta) in the phytoplankton’s top-down control and such a protein source in aquaculture. In the experiment, that consisted of six treatments (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 e 100 bc.L-1) with four repetitions, eutrophicated water from the CHESF fish station was used, in aquariums, analyzing the interferences of the branchoneta (bc) in the algae’s composition and in the water’s quality throughout one infradian cycle. To perceive the brachoneta’s biofiltration qualitative and quantitative analyses of phytoplankton found in its intestinal content and in water samples were made, and to identify its food preference, Manly´s was used. The trophic state (ET) of water was analyzed using the Nygaard, Carlson indices modified by Lamparelli, Hâkanson and Boulion. Enzymatic experiments were carried out with the branchoneta’s extract and for the proteolytic activities unspecified and specific substrates were used. The output of hydrolyzed protein from branchoneta (HPB) occurred by enzymatic autolysis in different concentrations, calculating the percentage of hydrolysate protein in the reaction. In the electrophoresis and zymogram gels with concentration and separation in 4% and 12,5% respectively were used. According to the results 92 species of phytoplankton were identified. The cyanobacteria Anabaena sp. and Geitlerinema amphibium are among the preferred species in the branchoneta’s feed. It was identified that with 6 h there was efficiency of filtration in the densities of 80 and 100 bc.L-1. Also the change from eutrophic’s ET to oligotrophic by the Nygaard’s index was observed. The analysis of chlorophyll type a testified changes in water’s ET to an inferior level, using Hâkanson and Lamparelli. Notwithstanding, alteration of ET for the indices that use phosphorus did not occur, despite the fact that they differ statistically. In the treatment with 100 bc.L-1 the small values of chlorophyll a (15,07 ± 3,35 μg.L-1) and the bigger values of ammonia (3.463,27 ± 277,42 μg.L-1), phosphorus amount (1.867,84 ± 207,19 μg.L-1) and nitrite (7,57 ± 2,43 μg.L-1) occurred. Even increasing the levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water there was a diminution in the levels of chlorophyll a, probably because of the branchoneta’s filter feeding over the population of phytoplankton. About the HPB, 79,67% of crude protein that constitutes a good source of essentials amino acids with values that are bigger than the values of flours of menhaden and soya, and with chemical score of amino acids that fulfill the necessity of youth carnivore shrimps. The conclusion is that the biomaniputation of D. brasiliensis on the top-down control of phytoplankton occurred in an efficient way, characterizing the bioremediation on eutrophicated ambient with changes of ET. The HPB shows a potential to be inserted in rations like a protein component, and even like a flavor booster because it shows attractive amino acids with umami flavor. / O florescimento de microalgas planctônicas pode ocasionar perda da produção aquícola ou inviabilizar áreas para o cultivo, por causa da depleção de oxigênio dissolvido na água, sendo favorecido pelo aporte de substâncias químicas ricas em fósforo e nitrogênio, configurando assim a eutrofização aquática cultural. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a potencialidade de Dendrocephalus brasiliensis (branchoneta) no controle top-down do fitoplâncton e como fonte proteica na aquicultura. No experimento, que constou de seis tratamentos (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 e 100 bc.L-1) com quatro repetições, foi utilizada água eutrofizada da estação de piscicultura da CHESF, em aquários, sendo analisadas as interferências da branchoneta (bc) na composição algal e na qualidade da água durante um ciclo infradiano. Para constatar a biofiltração da brachoneta foram realizadas análises quali-quantitativas do fitoplâncton encontrado no seu conteúdo intestinal e nas amostras de água, e para identificação de sua preferência alimentar usou-se o Manly´s . O estado trófico (ET) da água foi analisado utilizando os índices de Nygaard, Carlson modificado por Lamparelli, Hâkanson e Boulion. Foram também realizados ensaios enzimáticos com o extrato da branchoneta, e para as atividades proteolíticas fez-se uso de substratos inespecíficos e específicos. A produção do hidrolisado proteico de branchoneta (HPB) aconteceu por autólise enzimática em diferentes concentrações, sendo calculado o percentual de proteína hidrolisada na reação. Na eletroforese e no zimograma foram usados géis de concentração e de separação a 4% e 12,5%, respectivamente. Segundo os resultados foram identificadas 92 espécies de fitoplâncton. As cianobactérias Anabaena sp. e Geitlerinema amphibium encontram-se entre as espécies preferidas na alimentação da branchoneta. Verificou-se que com 6 h houve eficiência de filtração nas densidades de 80 e 100 bc.L-1. Também foi constatada a mudança do ET de eutrófico para oligotrófico utilizando o índice de Nygaard. As análises de clorofila a comprovaram mudanças do ET da água para um nível inferior, utilizando Hâkanson e Lamparelli. Porém, não houve alteração do ET para os índices que utilizam o fósforo, apesar de deferirem estatisticamente. No tratamento com 100 bc.L-1 ocorreram os menores valores de clorofila a (15,07 ± 3,35 μg.L-1) e os maiores valores de amônia (3.463,27 ± 277,42 μg.L-1), fósforo total (1.867,84 ± 207,19 μg.L-1) e nitrito (7,57 ± 2,43 μg.L-1). Mesmo com o aumento dos níveis de nitrogênio e fósforo na água houve uma diminuição nos níveis de clorofila a, provavelmente pela filtro-alimentação da branchoneta sobre a população fitoplanctônica. Quanto ao HPB, este apresentou 79,67% de proteína bruta, sendo uma boa fonte de aminoácidos essenciais com valores superiores aos das farinhas de menhaden e de soja, e com escore químico de aminoácidos que atende as exigências de camarões carnívoros na fase juvenil. Conclui-se que a biomanipulação de D. brasiliensis no controle top-down do fitoplâncton aconteceu de forma eficiente, caracterizando uma biorremediação no ambiente eutrofizado com mudança de ET. O HPB apresenta potencial para ser inserido em rações como componente proteico, e ainda como intensificador de sabor por apresentar aminoácidos atrativos com sabor umami.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:www.repositorio.ufal.br:riufal/1346 |
| Date | 19 December 2011 |
| Creators | Tenório, Ruy Albuquerque |
| Contributors | Sant'Ana, Antônio Euzébio Goulart, http://lattes.cnpq.br/8895697287739745, Tonholo, Josealdo, http://lattes.cnpq.br/6333407087554681, Almeida, Rusiene Monteiro de, http://lattes.cnpq.br/9711614709394548, Calado, Tereza Cristina dos Santos, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2347238496294241, Bezerra, Ranilson de Souza, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2205151409139871, Moura, Ariadne do Nascimento, http://lattes.cnpq.br/5127314582444598 |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Brasil, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química e Biotecnologia, UFAL |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFAL, instname:Universidade Federal de Alagoas, instacron:UFAL |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | Planktonic microalgae’s bloom can cause losses in aquaculture outputs or even damages in areas of cultivation because of the depletion of oxygen dissolved in water, being favored by the addition of chemical substances that are rich in phosphorus and nitrogen configuring the aquatic cultural eutrophication. This paper aimed to verify the potentiality of the Dendrocephalus brasiliensis (branchoneta) in the phytoplankton’s top-down control and such a protein source in aquaculture. In the experiment, that consisted of six treatments (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 e 100 bc.L-1) with four repetitions, eutrophicated water from the CHESF fish station was used, in aquariums, analyzing the interferences of the branchoneta (bc) in the algae’s composition and in the water’s quality throughout one infradian cycle. To perceive the brachoneta’s biofiltration qualitative and quantitative analyses of phytoplankton found in its intestinal content and in water samples were made, and to identify its food preference, Manly´s was used. The trophic state (ET) of water was analyzed using the Nygaard, Carlson indices modified by Lamparelli, Hâkanson and Boulion. Enzymatic experiments were carried out with the branchoneta’s extract and for the proteolytic activities unspecified and specific substrates were used. The output of hydrolyzed protein from branchoneta (HPB) occurred by enzymatic autolysis in different concentrations, calculating the percentage of hydrolysate protein in the reaction. In the electrophoresis and zymogram gels with concentration and separation in 4% and 12,5% respectively were used. According to the results 92 species of phytoplankton were identified. The cyanobacteria Anabaena sp. and Geitlerinema amphibium are among the preferred species in the branchoneta’s feed. It was identified that with 6 h there was efficiency of filtration in the densities of 80 and 100 bc.L-1. Also the change from eutrophic’s ET to oligotrophic by the Nygaard’s index was observed. The analysis of chlorophyll type a testified changes in water’s ET to an inferior level, using Hâkanson and Lamparelli. Notwithstanding, alteration of ET for the indices that use phosphorus did not occur, despite the fact that they differ statistically. In the treatment with 100 bc.L-1 the small values of chlorophyll a (15,07 ± 3,35 μg.L-1) and the bigger values of ammonia (3.463,27 ± 277,42 μg.L-1), phosphorus amount (1.867,84 ± 207,19 μg.L-1) and nitrite (7,57 ± 2,43 μg.L-1) occurred. Even increasing the levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water there was a diminution in the levels of chlorophyll a, probably because of the branchoneta’s filter feeding over the population of phytoplankton. About the HPB, 79,67% of crude protein that constitutes a good source of essentials amino acids with values that are bigger than the values of flours of menhaden and soya, and with chemical score of amino acids that fulfill the necessity of youth carnivore shrimps. The conclusion is that the biomaniputation of D. brasiliensis on the top-down control of phytoplankton occurred in an efficient way, characterizing the bioremediation on eutrophicated ambient with changes of ET. The HPB shows a potential to be inserted in rations like a protein component, and even like a flavor booster because it shows attractive amino acids with umami flavor., bitstream:http://www.repositorio.ufal.br:8080/bitstream/riufal/1346/2/license.txt, bitstream:http://www.repositorio.ufal.br:8080/bitstream/riufal/1346/1/Biorremedia%C3%A7%C3%A3o+em+ambientes+l%C3%ADmnicos+eutrofizados+com+a+utiliza%C3%A7%C3%A3o+de+Dendrocephalus+brasiliensis+Pesta%2C+1921+%28Crustacea+Anostraca+Thamnocephalidae%29+e+se.pdf |
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