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Previous issue date: 2016 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O excesso de gordura corporal caracter?stico da obesidade est? relacionado a diversas altera??es metab?licas, que incluem a resist?ncia ? insulina. Dentre as medidas n?o farmacol?gicas empregadas para a melhora da sensibilidade ? insulina est? o treinamento f?sico aer?bio, como o treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT, do ingl?s high intensity interval training). Sendo assim, esse estudo avaliou os efeitos do HIIT em componentes bioqu?micos, celulares e moleculares relacionados ? resist?ncia ? insulina em obesos. Indiv?duos obesos sens?veis (n=9) e resistentes ? insulina (n=8) foram submetidos a 8 semanas de HIIT, em cicloerg?metro, realizado 3 vezes por semana, com intensidade e volume progressivos (8 a 12 est?mulos; 80 a 110% da pot?ncia m?xima). Amostras de sangue venoso e do m?sculo vasto lateral foram obtidas antes e ap?s o programa de HIIT. Ap?s o programa de treinamento houve aumento da sensibilidade ? insulina nos obesos resistentes ? insulina, mas n?o houve redu??o da massa de gordura. A concentra??o de citocinas no soro, o estresse oxidativo sist?mico e frequ?ncia das c?lulas imunes n?o foram modificadas ap?s o treinamento. No m?sculo esquel?tico, o HIIT promoveu aumento da fosforila??o do substrato do receptor de insulina (IRS) (Tyr612), da Akt (Ser473) e da prote?na quinase dependente de c?lcio/calmodulina (CAMKII) (Thr286), e aumento do conte?do da ?-hidroxiacil-CoA desidrogenase (?-HAD) e citocromo C oxidase (COX-IV). Houve ainda, redu??o da fosforila??o da quinase regulada por sinal extracelular (ERK1/2) nos obesos resistentes ? insulina. Conclu?mos que 8 semanas de HIIT promoveram melhora da sensibilidade ? insulina, modificou componentes da via de sinaliza??o da insulina e do metabolismo oxidativo no m?sculo esquel?tico. Essas altera??es ocorreram independentes de mudan?as na gordura corporal total e de par?metros inflamat?rios sist?micos. / Tese (Doutorado) ? Programa Multic?ntrico de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Fisiol?gicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016. / Obesity is characterized by excess of body fat, and its development can lead to a variety of metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance. Exercise is recognized as a non-pharmacological approach to increasing skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity, although the mechanisms are not elucidated. Additionally, the understanding of high intensity interval training (HIIT, high intensity interval training) treat insulin resistance is less understood. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of HIIT on biochemical, molecular, and cellular markers related to insulin resistance in sedentary obese individuals. Sensitive (n=9) and insulin resistant (n=8) obese individuals (body mass index ? 30 kg/m-2) were engaged in 8 weeks of HIIT using a cycle ergometer. The HIIT was performed 3 times a week, and its intensity and volume progressively increased throughout the training period (from 8 to 12 stimuli; from 80 to 110% of the maximum power). Venous blood and the vastus lateralis muscle samples were obtained before and after the HIIT. HIIT enhanced insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant obese individuals without changing body fat mass. Cytokine concentration in serum, blood oxidative stress, and frequency of some immune cells were not altered by HIIT. In skeletal muscle, HIIT increased the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) (Tyr612), Akt (Ser473), and protein kinase dependent calcium/calmodulin (CaMKII) (Thr286). HIIT also increased the expression of ?-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (?-HAD) and cytochrome C oxidase (COX-IV). A reduction of the kinase phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated (ERK1/2) was only seen in obese insulin resistant individuals. The results show that 8 weeks of HIIT enhanced insulin sensitivity, modified components of the insulin-signaling pathway, and improved skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism. These changes were independent of alterations in body fat and inflammatory parameters.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui:1/1337 |
| Date | 20 October 2016 |
| Creators | Matos, Mariana Aguiar de |
| Contributors | Vieira, Etel Rocha, Peixoto, Marco Fabricio Dias, Soares, Danusa Dias, Wanner, Samuel Penna, Cordeiro, Let?cia Maria de Souza, Vieira, Etel Rocha, Universidade Fedaral dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Amorim, Fabiano Trigueiro |
| Publisher | UFVJM |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFVJM, instname:Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, instacron:UFVJM |
| Rights | A concess?o da licen?a deste item refere-se ao ? termo de autoriza??o impresso assinado pelo autor, assim como na licen?a Creative Commons, com as seguintes condi??es: Na qualidade de titular dos direitos de autor da publica??o, autorizo a Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri e o IBICT a disponibilizar por meio de seus reposit?rios, sem ressarcimento dos direitos autorais, de acordo com a Lei n? 9610/98, o texto integral da obra disponibilizada, conforme permiss?es assinaladas, para fins de leitura, impress?o e/ou download, a t?tulo de divulga??o da produ??o cient?fica brasileira, e preserva??o, a partir desta data., info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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