The core research question is: how does intelligence and security services of Member States to the AU and established regional and continental security intelligence organisations collectively contribute to the implementation of the APSA? The study empirically reconstructs – descriptively, functionally and analytically – the mechanisms, magnitude and processes of intelligence cooperation at the regional and continental level within the framework of the APSA.
In line with the above, the study answers these research questions:
i. What are the contributions of the CEWS, as a form of open-source intelligence outfit, to the APSA?
ii. What are the roles and contributions of CISSA to the AUC with particular reference to the APSA?
iii. How does the Nouakchott and the Djibouti Processes contribute to implementing the APSA?
Acknowledging that intelligence cooperation is strategically poised, the interest of this study is directed towards identifying, examining and evaluating established institutions and frameworks and their respective processes of intelligence cooperation.
Thus, the study looks at the contribution of security intelligence towards the implementation of the African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA) of the African Union (AU), and the thesis is divided into seven chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the study and outlines the research problem, methodology, sources and materials. The second chapter provides an overview of the academic debates around intelligence cooperation. The third chapter empirically reconstructs the configurations of the APSA and conceptualise the function and service roles of each pillar in a descriptive, functional and analytical lens. Chapter 4 reconstructs the operationalisation and institutionalisation of the Continental Early Warning System (CEWS) and further examine its methodology and how it aligns early warning to decision making and early action. Chapter 5 examined the roles and contributions of the Committee of Intelligence and Security Services of Africa (CISSA) to the African Union Commission (AUC) with particular reference to the APSA. Chapter 6 provides extensive analysis and reconstruction of the operationalisation of the APSA through intelligence cooperation in the Sahelo-Saharan, East and Horn of Africa regions through the Nouakchott Process and the Djibouti Process, respectively, and the last chapter concludes the study by synopsising and reflecting on the research questions and outlining the significant contributions of the study.:Acknowledgements ii
List of Figures viii
List of Abbreviations ix
Chapter One 1
Introduction and Overview of the Study 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 State of the art 3
1.2.1 Global Intelligence Services 3
1.2.2 Intelligence Services in Africa 9
1.2.3 Intelligence Cooperation and the AU 11
1.3 Research Question 14
1.4 Research Design 15
1.4.1 Methodology 17
1.4.2 Methods 18
1.4.3 Sources and Materials 20
1.5 Organization of the thesis 21
Chapter Two 24
Intelligence Cooperation in International and Regional Organisations 24
2.1 Introduction 24
2.2 Intelligence Cooperation in International Organisations 25
2.3 Intelligence Cooperation in Regional Organisations 35
2.4 Intelligence Cooperation Typologies 44
2.5 Intelligence Cooperation Methodologies 47
2.6 Chapter Summary 49
Chapter Three 51
The African Peace and Security Architecture 51
3.1 Introduction 51
3.2 Structure of the APSA 52
3.2.1 Peace and Security Council 55
3.2.2 Panel of the Wise 60
3.2.3 Continental Early Warning System 67
3.2.4 African Standby Force 68
3.2.5 Peace Fund 73
3.3 APSA’s Strategic Priorities 75
3.4 APSA and RECs 80
3.5 Chapter Summary 84
Chapter Four 87
The CEWS, Intelligence cooperation and the APSA 87
4.1 Introduction 87
4.2 Intelligence Cooperation, Early Warning and the OAU 90
4.3 The PSC Protocol and the CEWS 97
4.4 The Operationalisation of the CEWS 100
4.5 The Institutionalisation of the CEWS 107
4.5.1 The Situation Room 107
4.5.2 The African Media Monitor 109
4.5.3 Africa Reporter 110
4.5.4 Africa Prospects 111
4.5.5 Indicators and Profile Module 111
4.5.6 The CEWS Portal 112
4.5 The CEWS Methodology 113
4.5.1 Information Collection and Monitoring 113
4.5.2 Conflict and Cooperation Analysis 118
4.5.3 Formulation of Options 121
4.5.4 Responses 123
4.6 Early Warning, Decision Making and Early Action 124
4.7 The CEWS and RECs 131
4.8 The CEWS and other Early Warning Mechanisms 134
4.8.1 Continental Structural Conflict Prevention Framework 135
4.8.2 African Peer Review Mechanism and Conflict Prevention 137
4.8.3 Horizon Scanning 139
4.9 Challenges to the CEWS 140
4.10 The Evolution and Future of the CEWS 146
4.11 Chapter Summary 149
Chapter Five 153
Committee of Intelligence and Security Services of Africa and the APSA 153
5.1 Introduction 153
5.2 Genesis 154
5.3 Mandate, Vision and Mission 157
5.4 Objectives 157
5.5 Principles 162
5.6 Functions 163
5.7 Structures of CISSA and their Functions 164
5.7.1 The Conference 164
5.7.2 Panel of Experts 178
5.7.3 Bureau of the CISSA Conference 179
5.7.4 The CISSA Regions 180
5.7.5 Troika 182
5.7.6 The Secretariat 182
5.7.7 Specialised Technical Committees 187
5.8. Relationship between CISSA and the AU 188
5.9 The Intelligence and Security Committee \ CISSA Liaison Unit 189
5.10 CISSA and Regional Security Intelligence Institutions 196
5.11 Challenges to the performance of CISSA 198
5.12 Chapter Summary 210
Chapter Six 213
Intelligence Cooperation in the Nouakchott and Djibouti Processes, 2013-2021 213
6.1 Introduction 213
6.2 The Nouakchott Process 216
6.2.1 Genesis 216
6.2.2 Inauguration 219
6.2.3 Implementation of the Nouakchott Conclusions 228
6.2.4 The Nouakchott Declaration 233
6.2.5 The Nouakchott Process vis-à-vis other Regional Frameworks 236
6.2.6 Post-declaration, Challenges and Prospect 237
6.3 The Djibouti Process 245
6.3.1 Background 245
6.3.2 Rationale 246
6.3.3 Establishment 247
6.3.4 Implementation Meetings 252
6.4 The Nouakchott and the Djibouti Processes 257
6.4.1 Joint Meeting 257
6.4.2 Points for Action 259
6.5 Past for the future in the present 261
6.6 Influence and Power Contestations 265
6.7 Chapter Summary 273
Chapter Seven 275
Conclusion 275
7.1 Introduction 275
7.2 Summary of key arguments 276
7.3 Contributions and suggestions for future research 286
8. References 293
8.1 Sources 293
8.2 Literature 303
8.3 Interviews 337
Assurance 338
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:DRESDEN/oai:qucosa:de:qucosa:81949 |
| Date | 03 November 2022 |
| Creators | Masara, Wiriranai |
| Contributors | Universität Leipzig |
| Source Sets | Hochschulschriftenserver (HSSS) der SLUB Dresden |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, doc-type:doctoralThesis, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis, doc-type:Text |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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