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Previous issue date: 2014-02-21 / Previous phylogenetic analyses and the discovery of five new taxa of Hypoptotopomatini raised doubts concerning the relationships of the tribe. Therefore, in order to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships and to test the monophyly of Hypoptopoma and Nannoptopoma, and to test the position of Niobichthys and Otocinclus, the present study aims to provide an encompassing hypothesis of relationships among the Hypoptopomatini, comprising most species of Hypoptopoma, five new taxa and the other genera of the tribe. We analyzed a data matrix of 101 morphological characters, 82 of which from the literature and 19 new characters are suggested, with the inclusion of 65 terminals. The analyses were conducted using the heuristic searching algorithm of multiple Random Addition Sequence (RAS) followed by branch swapping with the algorithm Tree Bissection and Reconnection (TBR) . The analysis resulted in 64 maximally parsimonious trees of 443 steps, consistency index of 0.34 and retention index of 0.81. The 64 primary cladograms were then summarized in a strict consensus tree. The result confirms the monophyly of Hypoptopomatinae and Hypoptopomatini. The tribe comprises six known genera: Acestridium, Hypoptopoma, Nannoptopoma, Niobichthys, Otocinclus and Oxyropsis and two new taxa. Additionally, Otocinclus is found to be the most basal member of the tribe; Acestridium and Niobichthys are sister to each other and closely related to a group formed by Nannoptopoma + New Taxa A , and New Taxa B + Oxyropsis + Hypoptopoma. Based on this framework on, changes to the classification and the taxonomy of the Hypoptopomatini are suggested / A partir das diferentes an?lises filogen?ticas previamente propostas e do conhecimento de cinco novos t?xons pertencentes ? Hypoptopomatini, surgiram questionamentos a respeito das rela??es de parentesco dentro da tribo. Assim, a fim de esclarecer as rela??es filogen?ticas e testar o monofiletismo de Hypoptopoma, testar a hip?tese de sinon?mia de Nannoptopoma e Hypoptopoma, e testar as posi??es de Niobichthys e de Otocinclus, o estudo tem como objetivo apresentar uma hip?tese de rela??es para Hypoptopomatini, incluindo a maioria das esp?cies de Hypoptopoma, cinco poss?veis novos t?xons e os demais g?neros da tribo. Foi constru?da uma matriz de 101 caracteres morfol?gicos, do quais 82 foram retirados da literatura e 19 novos propostos, analisados em 65 t?xons terminais. Foram realizadas buscas heur?sticas com o programa TNT atrav?s de m?ltiplos Random Addition Sequences seguida de rearranjos dos ramos Tree Bissection and Reconnection. Ao encontrar 64 ?rvores maximamente parcimoniosas com 443 passos, ?ndice de consist?ncia 0.34 e ?ndice de reten??o 0.81, essas ?rvores foram sumarizadas em um cladograma de consenso estrito. Os resultados encontrados corroboram a monofilia de Hypoptopomatinae e de Hypoptopomatini. A tribo ? formada por seis g?neros j? descritos: Acestridium, Hypoptopoma, Nannoptopoma, Niobichthys, Otocinclus e Oxyropsis; e por dois g?neros novos. Adicionalmente, demonstra-se que Otocinclus ? o g?nero mais basal da tribo; Acestridium e Niobichthys s?o grupos-irm?os, mais relacionados com um clado formado por dois grupos monofil?ticos: Nannoptopoma + Novo T?xon A, e Novo T?xon B + Oxyropsis + Hypoptopoma. O conhecimento acerca das rela??es filogen?ticas, da classifica??o e da taxonomia de Hypoptopomatini muda, sendo feitas sugest?es para futuras mudan?as nomenclaturais.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/279 |
| Date | 21 February 2014 |
| Creators | Delapieve, Maria Laura de Souza |
| Contributors | Reis, Roberto Esser dos |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zoologia, PUCRS, BR, Faculdade de Bioci?ncias |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 2008925231902741151, 500, 600, 36528317262667714 |
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