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Previous issue date: 2015-09-25 / Introduction: Child abuse is one of the main world problems according to the World Health Organization (WHO). However, epidemiological issues are an important challenge, particularly in Brazil. One difficulty is the scarcity of tools for tracking and identifying child abuse. The few instruments of investigation have methodological and conceptual limitations. One major limitation is the huge variability of concepts and ways of questioning children, adolescents and adults on exposure to abuse in different cultures. In this context, questionnaires are very useful in the investigation of child abuse. Thus, the main purpose of this dissertation is to perform the translation and semantic validation to Brazilian Portuguese of a battery of questionnaires designed by the WHO, the United Nations (UN) and the International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN), called ICAST-ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tools. Besides, we present a brief narrative review of Brazilian studies containing epidemiological data on violence against children and adolescents.
Methods: The narrative review was composed of articles published in the online databases Medline/Pubmed, LILIACS and Scielo. The search was based on a combination of the following descriptors: child, adolescent, violence, abuse, epidemiology, questionnaire, Brazil. There was no selection of filters. The 3.0 version of the ICAST battery is composed of three questionnaires: (1) Retrospective Interview (ICAST-R), (2) Child Abuse Screening Tool - Parent version (ICAST-P) and (3) Child Abuse Screening Tool ? children?s version (ICAST-C). For the execution of the entire process of translation and semantic validation five methodological steps were conducted, as follows: (1) translation; (2) back translation; (3) correction and semantic adaptation; (4) content validation by experts in child abuse; and (5) acceptability study per sample of target population, through a verbal-numerical scale.
Results: All steps have been satisfactorily completed. The acceptability study included five participants for each instrument: children, adults and parents of patients of one pediatric outpatient unit. In ICAST-C questionnaire, with 69 items, 3 children had some difficulty in understanding 7 questions. In ICAST-P, with 57 items, 2 parents had doubt about the clarity of 5 questions, although they had understood the meaning of the questions. In ICAST-R, with 33 items, there were no doubts about the questions. The doubts were related to problems with verb and subject agreement grammar rules, and the necessary adjustments have already been made.
Conclusion: The ICAST battery is an internationally recognized tool, and its process of translation and semantic adaptation to Portuguese was effective. The three tools were easily understood by the sampled population. Semantic validation was adequate. The tools were found to be useful in the investigation of violence against children and adolescents. / Introdu??o: A viol?ncia infantil consiste em um dos principais problemas mundiais de acordo com a Organiza??o Mundial de Sa?de (OMS). Contudo quest?es epidemiol?gicas s?o um grande desafio, particularmente no Brasil. Uma das dificuldades enfrentadas ? a relativa falta de instrumentos de rastreio e identifica??o. Os poucos instrumentos de investiga??o existentes apresentam uma s?rie de limita??es metodol?gicas e conceituais. Uma das maiores limita??es ? a extrema variabilidade de conceitos e formas de questionar crian?as, adolescentes e adultos sobre a exposi??o a situa??es de maus-tratos em diferentes culturas. Nesse contexto os question?rios s?o instrumentos muito ?teis na investiga??o da viol?ncia infantil. Dessa forma o objetivo principal dessa disserta??o foi traduzir e validar semanticamente para o portugu?s brasileiro uma bateria de question?rios criada pela OMS, Organiza??o das Na??es Unidas (ONU) e pela Sociedade Internacional para a Preven??o do Abuso e Neglig?ncia Infantil (International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect-ISPCAN), denominada ICAST-ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tools. Al?m disso, apresentamos uma breve revis?o narrativa sobre estudos brasileiros com dados epidemiol?gicos sobre a viol?ncia contra crian?as e adolescentes.
M?todos: A revis?o narrativa foi composta por artigos oriundos das bases de dados online Medline/Pubmed, LILACS e Scielo. A busca baseou-se em uma combina??o dos descritores: crian?a, adolescente, viol?ncia, maus-tratos, epidemiologia, question?rio, Brasil. N?o houve sele??o de filtros. A vers?o 3.0 da bateria ICAST ? composta por tr?s question?rios: (1) Entrevista Retrospectiva (ICAST-R), (2) ICAST vers?o para Pais (ICAST-P) e (3) ICAST vers?o para a Crian?a (ICAST-C). Para execu??o de todo o processo de tradu??o e valida??o sem?ntica foram realizadas cinco etapas metodol?gicas: (1) tradu??o; (2) retradu??o; (3) corre??o e adapta??o sem?ntica; (4) valida??o do conte?do por profissionais especialistas na ?rea de maus-tratos na inf?ncia; e (5) estudo de aceitabilidade por amostra da popula??o-alvo, por interm?dio de uma escala verbal-num?rica.
Resultados: Todas as etapas foram satisfatoriamente conclu?das. O estudo de aceitabilidade incluiu cinco participantes para cada instrumento: crian?as, adultos e pais de pacientes de um ambulat?rio de pediatria. No question?rio ICAST-C,com 69 itens, 3 crian?as alguma tiveram dificuldade de compreens?o em 7 perguntas. No ICAST-P, com 57 itens, 2 pais tiveram alguma dificuldade com a clareza de 5 quest?es, embora tivessem entendido o significado da pergunta. No ICAST-R, com 33 itens, n?o houve d?vidas no entendimento das perguntas. As d?vidas foram entediadas como decorrentes da concord?ncia verbal e nominal e isso foi ajustado.
Conclus?o: A bateria ICAST ? uma ferramenta internacionalmente reconhecida cujo processo de tradu??o e adapta??o sem?ntica para o portugu?s foi efetivamente realizado. Os tr?s question?rios mostraram ser de f?cil compreens?o pelas amostras alvo. Obteve-se adequada valida??o sem?ntica. Os instrumentos mostraram-se ?teis na investiga??o de maus-tratos infantis e de adolescentes.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/6432 |
| Date | 25 September 2015 |
| Creators | Silveira, Ana L?gia da Silva |
| Contributors | Grassi-Oliveira, Rodrigo |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Medicina/Pediatria e Sa?de da Crian?a, PUCRS, Brasil, Faculdade de Medicina |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 3098206005268432148, 600, 600, 600, -8624664729441623247, -7027121703779065955 |
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