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Previous issue date: 2009-03-06 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Petroleum can be associated or not with natural gas, but in both cases water is always present in its formation. The presence of water causes several problems, such as the
difficulty of removing the petroleum from the reservoir rock and the formation of waterin-oil and oil-in-water emulsions. The produced water causes environmental problems,
which should be solved to reduce the effect of petroleum industry in the environment. The main objective of this work is to remove simultaneously from the produced water the
dispersed petroleum and dissolved metals. The process is made possible through the use of anionic surfactants that with its hydrophilic heads interacts with ionized metals and
with its lipophilic tails interacts with the oil. The studied metals were: calcium, magnesium, barium, and cadmium. The surfactants used in this research were derived from: soy oil, sunflower oil, coconut oil, and a soap obtained from a mixture of 5wt.% coconut oil and 95wt.% animal fat. It was used a sample of produced water from Terminal de S?o Sebasti?o, S?o Paulo. As the concentration of the studied metals in
produced water presented values close to 300 mg/L, it was decided to use this concentration as reference for the development of this research. Molecular absorption and
atomic absorption spectroscopy were used to determine petroleum and metals concentrations in the water sample, respectively. A constant pressure filtration system was used to promote the separation of solid and liquid phases. To represent the behavior of the studied systems it was developed an equilibrium model and a mathematical one.
The obtained results showed that all used surfactants presented similar behavior with relation to metals extraction, being selected the surfactant derived from soy oil for this
purpose. The values of the partition coefficients between the solid and liquid phases " D " for the studied metals varied from 0.2 to 1.1, while the coefficients for equilibrium model
" K " varied from 0.0002 and 0.0009. The removal percentile for oil with all metals associated was near 100%, showing the efficiency of the process / O petr?leo pode estar associado ou n?o com o g?s natural, mas, em ambos os casos, a ?gua est? presente desde a sua forma??o. A presen?a da ?gua ocasiona diversos problemas, tais como a dificuldade de remover o petr?leo da rocha e a forma??o de emuls?es do tipo ?gua-em-?leo e ?leo-em-?gua. A ?gua de produ??o gera problemas ambientais, que devem ser solucionados para que o efeito da ind?stria do petr?leo no
meio ambiente seja minimizado. Este trabalho tem por objetivo remover associadamente o petr?leo disperso e os metais dissolvidos na ?gua de produ??o. O processo ? viabilizado
atrav?s da utiliza??o de tensoativos ani?nicos, que com suas partes hidrof?licas interagem com os metais ionizados e com suas partes lipof?licas interagem com o ?leo. Os metais
estudados foram: o c?lcio, o magn?sio, o b?rio e o c?dmio. Os tensoativos utilizados na pesquisa foram derivados dos ?leos de soja, girassol, coco e um sab?o oriundo de uma mistura de 5% do ?leo de coco e 95% de gordura animal. Utilizou-se uma amostra de ?gua produzida proveniente do Terminal de S?o Sebasti?o, em S?o Paulo. Como a concentra??o dos metais estudados nesta ?gua apresentavam valores pr?ximos a 300
mg/L, decidiu-se fixar esta concentra??o como refer?ncia para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa. Para determinar as concentra??es dos metais e do petr?leo na ?gua foram
utilizados os espectrofot?metros de absor??o at?mica e de absor??o molecular, respectivamente. Utilizou-se um sistema de filtra??o a press?o constante para promover a separa??o das fases s?lida e l?quida. Para representar o comportamento dos sistemas em estudo desenvolveu-se um modelo de equil?brio e outro matem?tico. Os resultados mostraram que todos os tensoativos desenvolvidos apresentavam comportamento similar com rela??o ? extra??o dos metais, sendo selecionado o tensoativo derivado do ?leo de
soja para este prop?sito. Os valores dos coeficientes de parti??o dos metais entre as fases s?lida e l?quida D variaram de 0,2 a 1,1, enquanto que os dos coeficientes do modelo de equil?brio K ficaram entre 0,0002 e 0,0009. O percentual de remo??o conjugada do ?leo com todos os metais foi praticamente igual a 100 %, o que comprovou a efici?ncia do processo
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/15774 |
| Date | 06 March 2009 |
| Creators | Nunes, Shirlle Katia da Silva |
| Contributors | CPF:07286937391, http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783139Z0&dataRevisao=null, Gurgel, Alexandre, CPF:59721421472, http://lattes.cnpq.br/5266735277153768, Dantas Neto, Afonso Avelino, CPF:05641284491, http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783215D9, Barros Neto, Eduardo Lins de, Dantas, Tereza Neuma de Castro |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Engenharia Qu?mica, UFRN, BR, Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess |
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