Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2015-12-02T23:42:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EmiliannyRafaelyBatistaMagalhaes_DISSERT.pdf: 3489051 bytes, checksum: aecae2a6f4d56d33859bc277f23f7c34 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-12-09T20:21:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 EmiliannyRafaelyBatistaMagalhaes_DISSERT.pdf: 3489051 bytes, checksum: aecae2a6f4d56d33859bc277f23f7c34 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-09T20:21:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EmiliannyRafaelyBatistaMagalhaes_DISSERT.pdf: 3489051 bytes, checksum: aecae2a6f4d56d33859bc277f23f7c34 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-30 / O principal efluente presente na ind?stria do petr?leo ? a ?gua produzida, que normalmente est? associada ao ?leo produzido, apresentando um consider?vel volume de produ??o e podendo refletir em efeitos nocivos ao meio ambiente e ? sociedade caso seu descarte seja inadequado, sendo imprescind?vel, portanto, um valoroso cuidado para estabelecer e manter a sua gest?o. O tratamento convencional para este efluente associa as t?cnicas de flocula??o e flota??o. Na flocula??o s?o utilizados floculantes convencionais que, al?m do alto custo, s?o fornecidos com pouca informa??o t?cnica. A flota??o ? a etapa na qual ? poss?vel obter a separa??o das part?culas coloidais presentes no efluente, sendo a flota??o por ar dissolvido (FAD) uma t?cnica que vem se consolidando economicamente e apresentantdo grande confiabilidade ambiental ao se comparar com outros processos. A FAD se apresenta como um processo largamente empregado em v?rios campos de tratamento de ?guas de abastecimento e de efluentes industriais em todo o planeta. Neste sentido, esse trabalho objetivou avaliar o potencial de um floculante alternativo natural ? base de Moringa oleifera na redu??o do teor de ?leos e graxas (TOG) da ?gua produzida na ind?stria do petr?leo atrav?s do m?todo de flocula??o/FAD. Avaliou-se a efici?ncia do floculante natural e se comparou sua efici?ncia com dois floculantes comerciais normalmente utilizados pela ind?stria do petr?leo (A e B). Os resultados de efici?ncias globais para todos os floculantes foram tratados atrav?s de planejamentos estat?sticos experimentais com base na utiliza??o do software STATISTICA vers?o 10.0. Obteve-se no planejamento experimental superf?cies de contorno e de resposta que foram interpretadas em termos da vari?vel resposta efici?ncia de remo??o de TOG (Teor de ?leos e/ou Graxas). O planejamento permitiu ainda a obten??o de modelos matem?ticos para c?lculo da vari?vel resposta nas condi??es estudadas. Os floculantes comerciais A e B apresentaram comportamentos similares, com efici?ncia global m?dia de 90% na efici?ncia de remo??o do ?leo, sendo a an?lise econ?mica o fator decisivo para a escolha de utiliza??o desses floculantes no processo. O floculante alternativo natural, ? base de Moringa oleifera, apresentou menor efici?ncia de separa??o que ?quelas de A e B (em m?dia 70%), por outro lado este floculante se apresenta ambientalmente correto e de menor custo. / The principal effluent in the oil industry is the produced water, which is commonly associated to the produced oil. It presents a pronounced volume of production and it can be reflected on the environment and society, if its discharge is unappropriated. Therefore, it is indispensable a valuable careful to establish and maintain its management. The traditional treatment of produced water, usualy includes both tecniques, flocculation and flotation. At flocculation processes, there are traditional floculant agents that aren?t well specified by tecnichal information tables and still expensive. As for the flotation process, it?s the step in which is possible to separate the suspended particles in the effluent. The dissolved air flotation (DAF) is a technique that has been consolidating economically and environmentally, presenting great reliability when compared with other processes. The DAF is presented as a process widely used in various fields of water and wastewater treatment around the globe. In this regard, this study was aimed to evaluate the potential of an alternative natural flocculant agent based on Moringa oleifera to reduce the amount of oil and grease (TOG) in produced water from the oil industry by the method of flocculation/DAF. the natural flocculant agent was evaluated by its efficacy, as well as its efficiency when compared with two commercial flocculant agents normally used by the petroleum industry. The experiments were conducted following an experimental design and the overall efficiencies for all flocculants were treated through statistical calculation based on the use of STATISTICA software version 10.0. Therefore, contour surfaces were obtained from the experimental design and were interpreted in terms of the response variable removal efficiency TOG (total oil and greases). The plan still allowed to obtain mathematical models for calculating the response variable in the studied conditions. Commercial flocculants showed similar behavior, with an average overall efficiency of 90% for oil removal, however it is the economical analysis the decisive factor to choose one of these flocculant agents to the process. The natural alternative flocculant agent based on Moringa oleifera showed lower separation efficiency than those of commercials one (average 70%), on the other hand this flocculant causes less environmental impacts and it?s less expensive

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-02-05T22:26:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LaisSibaldoRibeiro_DISSERT.pdf: 1705871 bytes, checksum: 948e4beb72da1823f2fb24c8464e7377 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-02-16T19:20:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LaisSibaldoRibeiro_DISSERT.pdf: 1705871 bytes, checksum: 948e4beb72da1823f2fb24c8464e7377 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-16T19:20:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LaisSibaldoRibeiro_DISSERT.pdf: 1705871 bytes, checksum: 948e4beb72da1823f2fb24c8464e7377 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-03 / Ag?ncia Nacional do Petr?leo - ANP / Os fluidos de perfura??o t?m import?ncia fundamental nas atividades petrol?feras, uma vez que, s?o respons?veis por permitir a retirada dos cascalhos provenientes da perfura??o, a manuten??o da press?o e a estabilidade do po?o, evitando desmoronamentos e influxo de fluido na forma??o rochosa, al?m da lubrifica??o e resfriamento da broca. Existem basicamente tr?s tipos de fluidos de perfura??o, s?o eles: de base aquosa, de base n?o aquosa e aerado. O fluido de perfura??o de base aquosa ? amplamente usado por ser menos agressivo ao meio ambiente e apresentar excelente estabilidade e inibi??o (em fluidos aquosos inibidos), entre outras qualidades. A ?gua produzida ? gerada simultaneamente com o petr?leo durante a produ??o e possui grandes concentra??es de metais e contaminantes, sendo necess?rio trat?-la para descart?-la. A ?gua produzida dos campos de Urucu-AM e do Riacho da Forquilha-RN possuem elevadas concentra??es de contaminantes, metais e sais, como de c?lcio e magn?sio, dificultando o seu tratamento e descarte. Com isso, o objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar o uso da ?gua produzida sint?tica com caracter?sticas semelhantes ?s ?guas produzidas de UrucuAM e de Riacho da Forquilha-RN na formula??o de um fluido de perfura??o aquoso, observando nas ?guas sint?ticas de Urucu-AM e de Riacho da forquilha-RN a influ?ncia da varia??o da concentra??o de c?lcio e de magn?sio nos testes de reologia e filtrado. Realizouse um planejamento experimental fatorial simples 32 para modelagem estat?stica dos dados. Os resultados mostraram que a varia??o das concentra??es de c?lcio e magn?sio n?o influencia na reologia do fluido, onde a viscosidade pl?stica, viscosidade aparente e os g?is inicial e final n?o oscilaram significativamente. Para o filtrado, a concentra??o de c?lcio influenciou de forma linear na concentra??o de cloreto, onde quanto maior a concentra??o de c?lcio, maior a concentra??o de cloreto no filtrado. Para o volume de filtrado foi observado nos fluidos formulados com ?gua sint?tica de Urucu-AM que a concentra??o de c?lcio influencia de forma quadr?tica, isso significa que elevadas concentra??es de c?lcio interferem no poder de reten??o dos inibidores de filtrado utilizados na formula??o do fluido, j? nos fluidos formulados a partir de ?gua produzida sint?tica de Riacho da Forquilha-RN, a concentra??o de c?lcio influencia de forma linear. A concentra??o de magn?sio influenciou apenas na concentra??o de cloreto de forma quadr?tica nos fluidos formulados a partir da ?gua sint?tica de Urucu-AM. O fluido com concentra??o m?xima de magn?sio (9,411g/L), e concentra??o m?nima de c?lcio (0,733g/L) apresentou bons resultados. Portanto, uma ?gua produzida com concentra??o m?xima de magn?sio de 9,411g/L e m?xima de c?lcio de 0,733g/L pode ser utilizada para formula??o de fluidos de perfura??o de base aquosa, conferindo propriedades adequadas a esse tipo de fluido. / Drilling fluids have fundamental importance in the petroleum activities, since they are responsible for remove the cuttings, maintain pressure and well stability, preventing collapse and inflow of fluid into the rock formation and maintain lubrication and cooling the drill. There are basically three types of drilling fluids: water-based, non-aqueous and aerated based. The water-based drilling fluid is widely used because it is less aggressive to the environment and provide excellent stability and inhibition (when the water based drilling fluid is a inhibition fluid), among other qualities. Produced water is generated simultaneously with oil during production and has high concentrations of metals and contaminants, so it?s necessary to treat for disposal this water. The produced water from the fields of Urucu-AM and Riacho da forquilha-RN have high concentrations of contaminants, metals and salts such as calcium and magnesium, complicating their treatment and disposal. Thus, the objective was to analyze the use of synthetic produced water with similar characteristics of produced water from Urucu-AM and Riacho da Forquilha-RN for formulate a water-based drilling mud, noting the influence of varying the concentration of calcium and magnesium into filtered and rheology tests. We conducted a simple 32 factorial experimental design for statistical modeling of data. The results showed that the varying concentrations of calcium and magnesium did not influence the rheology of the fluid, where in the plastic viscosity, apparent viscosity and the initial and final gels does not varied significantly. For the filtrate tests, calcium concentration in a linear fashion influenced chloride concentration, where when we have a higher concentration of calcium we have a higher the concentration of chloride in the filtrate. For the Urucu?s produced water based fluids, volume of filtrate was observed that the calcium concentration influences quadratically, this means that high calcium concentrations interfere with the power of the inhibitors used in the formulation of the filtered fluid. For Riacho?s produced water based fluid, Calcium?s influences is linear for volume of filtrate. The magnesium concentration was significant only for chloride concentration in a quadratic way just for Urucu?s produced water based fluids. The mud with maximum concentration of magnesium (9,411g/L), but minimal concentration of calcium (0,733g/L) showed good results. Therefore, a maximum water produced by magnesium concentration of 9,411g/L and the maximum calcium concentration of 0,733g/L can be used for formulating water-based drilling fluids, providing appropriate properties for this kind of fluid.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-03-09T23:10:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcusViniciusGomesPaixao_DISSERT.pdf: 2020456 bytes, checksum: a95b5913fa8087068a71357d5448df6c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-11T20:04:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcusViniciusGomesPaixao_DISSERT.pdf: 2020456 bytes, checksum: a95b5913fa8087068a71357d5448df6c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-11T20:04:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcusViniciusGomesPaixao_DISSERT.pdf: 2020456 bytes, checksum: a95b5913fa8087068a71357d5448df6c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-20 / A ?gua produzida ? considerada o principal efluente da ind?stria do petr?leo, em fun??o do seu volume crescente nos campos maduros e de sua composi??o variada. O teor de ?leos e graxas (TOG) ? considerado o principal par?metro para o descarte final da ?gua produzida. Diante desse contexto, ? de grande relev?ncia o desenvolvimento de um m?todo alternativo ? base de g?is de goma guar para o tratamento de ?guas produzidas sint?ticas, tendo como diferencial a utiliza??o de um pol?mero com elevada hidrofilicidade para a clarifica??o de ?guas contaminadas com petr?leo. Dessa forma, este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a efici?ncia de g?is de goma guar na remo??o do ?leo presente em ?guas produzidas. A goma guar ? um pol?mero natural que, em condi??es espec?ficas, forma estruturas tridimensionais, com importantes propriedades f?sico-qu?micas. Atrav?s da reticula??o das cadeias polim?ricas por ?ons borato, na presen?a de sais, ocorre o efeito salting out, reduzindo a solubilidade do gel polim?rico em ?gua. Como resultado, tem-se a separa??o das fases com o ?leo aprisionado no gel colapsado. O TOG foi quantificado a partir da espectroscopia na regi?o do ultravioleta e vis?vel. O sistema desenvolvido mostrou-se altamente eficiente na remo??o de petr?leo disperso em ?gua produzida sint?tica, atingindo porcentagens de remo??o superiores a 90%. / Produced water is considered the main effluent of the oil industry, due to their increased volume in mature fields and its varied composition. The oil and grease content (TOG) is the main parameter for the final disposal of produced water. In this context, it is of great significance to develop an alternative method based on guar gum gel for the treatment of synthetic produced water, and using as the differential a polymer having high hydrophilicity for clarifying waters contaminated with oil. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the efficiency of guar gum gels in the remotion of oil from produced water. Guar gum is a natural polymer that, under specific conditions, forms three-dimensional structures, with important physical and chemical properties. By crosslinking the polymer chains by borate ions in the presence of salts, the effect salting out occurs, reducing the solubility of the polymer gel in water. As a result, there is phase separation with the oil trapped in the collapsed gel. The TOG was quantified from the spectroscopy in the ultraviolet and visible region. The system was proven to be highly efficient in the removal of dispersed oil from water produced synthetically, reaching removal percentages above 90%.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-02-02T12:10:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JessicaIsabelleDeSouzaFreitas_DISSERT.pdf: 2915021 bytes, checksum: d55fbdf3b47d9ac4f3a9ba65f22a6c3f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-02-07T16:31:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JessicaIsabelleDeSouzaFreitas_DISSERT.pdf: 2915021 bytes, checksum: d55fbdf3b47d9ac4f3a9ba65f22a6c3f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-07T16:31:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JessicaIsabelleDeSouzaFreitas_DISSERT.pdf: 2915021 bytes, checksum: d55fbdf3b47d9ac4f3a9ba65f22a6c3f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-29 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / A ind?stria de petr?leo ? um dos setores com maior potencial de degrada??o ambiental, sendo a ?gua produzida o res?duo mais relevante. A complexa composi??o qu?mica e o elevado volume gerado deste efluente exigem um rigoroso controle e gerenciamento. Assim, antes de ser descartada, reinjetada em po?os ou para outra finalidade esta ?gua deve ser tratada de acordo com a legisla??o ambiental vigente. No que se refere ao tratamento de ?gua produzida para remo??o do teor de ?leos e graxas, a t?cnica combinada flocula??o/flota??o por ar dissolvido vem sendo bastante estudada. Na etapa de flocula??o vem sendo utilizado floculantes qu?micos convencionais de elevado custo e n?o-biodegrad?veis. Nesse contexto, avaliou-se a efici?ncia de remo??o do teor de ?leos e graxas da ?gua produzida atrav?s da t?cnica combinada flocula??o/flota??o por ar dissolvido utilizando a mistura de floculantes natural de Moringa ole?fera e dois floculantes comerciais ?C? e ?D? (j? utilizados na ind?stria), objetivando deixar a ?gua produzida nas condi??es de descarte. Os ensaios foram realizados segundo planejamento experimental para avalia??o estat?stica da influ?ncia da concentra??o total de floculante, tempo de mistura lenta e tempo de flota??o na efici?ncia de remo??o do teor de ?leos e graxas. Al?m disso, para cada mistura e suas respectivas propor??es estudadas, obtiveram-se modelos matem?ticos. O tratamento do efluente utilizando a mistura do floculante Moringa ole?fera e floculante comercial ?D?, com propor??o de mistura em base volum?trica 50:50%, atendeu os requisitos ambientais em todas as condi??es avaliadas; enquanto, nas mesmas condi??es, n?o foi poss?vel utilizando a mistura do floculante Moringa ole?fera e floculante comercial ?C?. Tamb?m verificou-se a efici?ncia de remo??o de ?leos e graxas com mistura do floculante Moringa ole?fera e floculante comercial ?D? com propor??o de mistura em base volum?trica 70:30% (respectivamente) sendo esta condi??o de interesse ambiental, uma vez que foi poss?vel atender os requisitos ambientais para descarte da ?gua produzida. Todas as misturas do floculante de Moringa ole?fera e floculantes comerciais ?C? e ?D? estudadas mostraram-se eficazes na adequa??o da ?gua produzida para descarte. Finalmente, avaliou-se o efeito potencializador da Moringa ole?fera sobre o floculante comercial ?D? na remo??o do teor de ?leos e graxas da ?gua produzida. / The Oil Industry is one of the sectors with greatest potential for environmental degradation and the produced water is the largest waste stream generated in this industry. The complex chemical composition and the high volume generated of this effluent hold a strict control and management. In accordance with current environmental legislation the water should be treated before final disposal, reuse or recycle including underground injected vapor to increase oil production. In view of the treatment of produced water for oil and grease content removal, the combined technique flocculation/dissolved air flotation has been extensively studied. In the flocculation step has been used high cost flocculants of chemical industry which are non-biodegradable. In this context it was evaluated the removal efficiency of oil and grease content from produced water by the combined technique flocculation/dissolved air flotation using Moringa Ole?iferaM.O) a natural flocculant blended with two commercial flocculants ?C? and ?D? (currently used in the oil industry), aiming to let the water produced in the disposal conditions. The experiments were conducted by means of statistical experimental design evaluating the influence of the total concentration of flocculants, slow mixing time and flotation time over the efficiency of oil and grease content removal. Moreover, for each mixture and their respective ratios studied, were obtained mathematical models. The effluent treatment using the mixture of Moringa ole?fera and commercial ?D? flocculants with mixing ratio of 50:50 (%, volume basis) achieved the environmental requirements in all conditions evaluated, while, under the same conditions it wasn?t possible using the mixture of Moringa Ole?fera and commercial ?C? flocculant. The oil and grease removal content efficiency using a mixing ratio of 70:30 (%, volume basis of M. O and commercial flocculant, respectively) showed to be an interesting condition to reach the environmental requirements for produced water disposal once all mixtures of Moringa Ole?fera and commercial flocculants ?C? and ?D? achieved satisfactory experimental results for produced water disposal. Finally, we evaluated the effect of improvement of Moringa ole?fera into commercial flocculant ?D? on oil and grease removal content efficiency.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-02-10T16:07:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PatriciaCristinaDeAraujoPugliaDeCarvalho_TESE.pdf: 4319409 bytes, checksum: 4b6ca5c028beba5a80abf23ce490b97a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-02-10T18:56:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PatriciaCristinaDeAraujoPugliaDeCarvalho_TESE.pdf: 4319409 bytes, checksum: 4b6ca5c028beba5a80abf23ce490b97a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-10T18:56:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PatriciaCristinaDeAraujoPugliaDeCarvalho_TESE.pdf: 4319409 bytes, checksum: 4b6ca5c028beba5a80abf23ce490b97a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-05 / Ag?ncia Nacional do Petr?leo - ANP / Dentre os res?duos oriundos das opera??es de produ??o de ?leo e g?s ocorre a produ??o de ?gua comumente chamada de ?gua produzida (AP). ? o efluente que mais se destaca, em virtude de seu volume e sua composi??o qu?mica t?xica. Existem diversos tipos de tratamentos qu?mico, f?sico, f?sico-qu?mico e biol?gico, que podem ser combinados visando uma melhor efici?ncia no tratamento de efluentes. O presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo avaliar a combina??o dos processos de filtra??o, adsor??o e foto-Fenton na remo??o dos ?leos e graxas totais (TOG) e carbono org?nico total (TOC) presentes na AP. A filtra??o teve como principal meta a redu??o do TOG e favorecimento da adsor??o, que foi escolhida como segunda etapa para remover o TOC ? melhorar a efici?ncia da etapa seguinte. O foto-Fenton, tem como finalidade, remover a carga org?nica remanescente das etapas anteriores ficando em ?ltimo, devido ao seu maior custo. O processo combinado consiste na utiliza??o de um filtro de areia com granulometria mista (-12+16, + 35, -20 +28 e -12+16 mesh), uma coluna de carv?o ativado vegetal (carv?o ativado da casca do coco de baba?u) e processo foto-Fenton no qual foi utilizado um reator fotoqu?mico de l?mpada de 400 W de vapor de merc?rio. O efluente sint?tico foi preparado a partir de uma mistura de componentes (NaCl, fenol, heptano, xileno, ?gua destilada e petr?leos (15 e 22 API?). O efluente inicial foi passado nas colunas de filtra??o e adsor??o de forma continua at? obten??o de pelo menos 6 L de efluente parcialmente tratado. Ent?o o efluente foi levado para o reator fotoqu?mico para degradar os contaminantes remanescentes dos processos anteriores. Considerando a redu??o de TOG, o processo combinado obteve uma efici?ncia e 98,8 %, sendo somente na etapa da filtra??o uma redu??o de 90%. Com rela??o a redu??o do TOC, a efici?ncia total do processo combinado foi de 99%, sendo as etapas de adsor??o e foto-Fenton as de maior efici?ncia. A combina??o dos processos de filtra??o, adsor??o e foto-Fenton mostrou ser eficiente tanto na redu??o do TOG quanto na redu??o de TOC da ?gua produzida. / During the exploitation of oil and gas onshore and offshore, it is also simultaneously the production of water commonly called produced water or production water. Produced water (PW) is the that most prominent wastewater because of its large volume and its toxic chemical composition. There are several types of chemical, physical, physico-chemical and biological treatments that can be combined to better efficiency in wastewater treatment. This aims to evaluate the combination of filtration processes, adsorption and photo-Fenton in the removal of oils and greases Total (TOG) and total organic carbon (TOC) in the AP. The filtration had the main goal to reduce the TOG and facilitate adsorption which was chosen as a second step to remove the TOC is to improve efficiency in the fallowing step. The photo-Fenton, aims to remove the remaining load organic from the previous steps. The combined process consists of using a sand filter with mixed grain size (-12 + 16, + 35, -20 + 28 and -12 + 16 mesh), vegetable activated carbon column (activated carbon from babassu bark) and photo-Fenton process which was used in a photochemical reactor of 400 W mercury vapor lamp. The synthetic effluent was prepared from a mixture of components (NaCl, phenol, heptane, xylene, distilled water and oils (15 and 22 API ?). The initial effluent was passed into the filter column and adsorption continuously to obtain the least 6 L of partially treated effluent. Then the effluent was taken for the photochemical reactor to degrade the remaining contaminants of the prior processes. Considering the reduction TOG, the combined process and obtained a 98.8% efficiency, with only the filtration step a reduction of 90%. With regard to reduction of the TOC, the overall efficiency of the combined process was 99%, with the steps of absorption and photo-Fenton the greater efficiency. a combination of filtration processes, absorption and photo-Fenton was effective in both reducing the TOG as the TOC reduction of the water produced.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-08-01T13:13:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoMillerDeMeloHenrique_DISSERT.pdf: 3984983 bytes, checksum: 30d84ae3b0ffad6ccf10102bfede68c0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-08-03T23:05:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoMillerDeMeloHenrique_DISSERT.pdf: 3984983 bytes, checksum: 30d84ae3b0ffad6ccf10102bfede68c0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-03T23:05:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoMillerDeMeloHenrique_DISSERT.pdf: 3984983 bytes, checksum: 30d84ae3b0ffad6ccf10102bfede68c0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-07 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Pela ind?stria do petr?leo, diversos pa?ses que det?m atividades ligadas a explora??o e produ??o buscam alternativas para o descarte da ?gua produzida (AP) gerada. Por outro lado, a irriga??o agr?cola consiste na principal atividade consumidora de recursos h?dricos. Em busca de equacionamento, utilizar ?guas residuais nessa atividade apresenta uma potencial aplica??o. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar a composi??o e o tratamento da ?gua produzida de petr?leo no desempenho de sementes de alface e gergelim. O efluente foi tratado com flocula??o i?nica usando 5 concentra??es de tensoativo: 300, 350, 400, 450 e 500 ppm. Ap?s a estabiliza??o dos flocos, submeteu-se a solu??o a um processo de filtra??o. Quanto ao tratamento, a remo??o de metais e de ?leo foram mensurados. Paralelamente, foram analisados os testes de germina??o e vigor: germina??o, primeira contagem do teste de germina??o, ?ndice de velocidade de germina??o, comprimento da parte a?rea, comprimento da rad?cula, comprimento da pl?ntula e massa seca. Por fim, curvas de inibi??o para os constituintes da AP e para o tensoativo foram plotadas, com o objetivo de verificar as concentra??es inibit?rias desses componentes. Ap?s o tratamento da AP com a flocula??o e a filtra??o, verificou-se remo??o de at? 40% de c?lcio e de 99% para o ?leo. Sem a filtra??o, apenas a concentra??o de 300 ppm de tensoativo n?o atendeu a legisla??o (TOG = 20 ppm). Para baixas concentra??es de org?nicos, metais e salinidade na ?gua produzida, o processo mostrou-se eficiente no tratamento do efluente. Para a germina??o, n?o houve diferen?a na maioria dos casos testados. Por?m para o vigor houve diferen?a, sendo afetado negativamente com o uso da ?gua produzida. Os efluentes tratados apresentaram desempenho pr?ximo ao da ?gua destilada. As curvas de inibi??o formuladas para os constituintes da ?gua produzida mostraram decr?scimo das vari?veis ? medida em que ocorreu incremento das concentra??es. Em rela??o ao ?leo, n?o houve diferen?a na germina??o, somente no vigor. Para o tensoativo, verificou-se que as concentra??es estudadas n?o apresentaram efeito t?xico ou inibit?rio para as culturas. / For the petroleum industry, several countries that have activities related to exploration and production search alternatives for the discard of the produced water (PW) generated. On the other hand, agricultural irrigation is the main activity consuming water resources. In search of a solution, the use of waste water in this activity has a potential application. In this context, the objective of this research was to study the composition and treatment of water produced from petroleum in the performance of lettuce and sesame seeds. The effluent was treated with ionic flocculation using 5 concentrations of surfactant: 300, 350, 400, 450 and 500 ppm. After stabilization of the flakes, the solution was subjected to a filtration process. Regarding the treatment, the removal of metals and oil were measured. At the same time, germination and vigor tests were analyzed: germination, first germination test, germination velocity index, length of upper part, radicle length, length of the seedling and dry mass. Finally, inhibition curves for the constituents of PW and for the surfactant were plotted, in order to verify the inhibitory concentrations of these components. After treatment of the PW with flocculation and filtration, up to 40% of calcium and 99% of the oil were removed. Without filtration, only the concentration of 300 ppm of surfactant did not comply with the legislation (OGC = 20 ppm). For low concentrations of organic, metals and salinity in the water produced, the process was efficient in the treatment of the effluent. For the germination, there was no difference in the most of the cases tested. However for the vigor there was difference, being negatively affected with the use of the produced water. The treated effluents presented performance close to that of the distilled water. The inhibition curves formulated for the constituents of the produced water showed a decrease in the variables as the concentrations increased. Regarding oil, there was no difference in germination, only in vigor. For the surfactant, it was verified that the concentrations studied showed no toxic or inhibitory effect for the cultures.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-09-05T19:25:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 YasminMariaDaSilvaMenezes_DISSERT.pdf: 1903091 bytes, checksum: 5c6db423bd821ce4e4f3aaaa1ff9090b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-09-13T23:40:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 YasminMariaDaSilvaMenezes_DISSERT.pdf: 1903091 bytes, checksum: 5c6db423bd821ce4e4f3aaaa1ff9090b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-13T23:40:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 YasminMariaDaSilvaMenezes_DISSERT.pdf: 1903091 bytes, checksum: 5c6db423bd821ce4e4f3aaaa1ff9090b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A ?gua produzida ? o maior volume de descarte de l?quidos gerados durante a produ??o e processamento de petr?leo e g?s natural e, a sua composi??o pode conter v?rios compostos t?xicos naturais, dentre eles t?m-se os hidrocarbonetos polic?clicos arom?ticos (HPA), cuja presen?a causa efeitos nocivos ao meio ambiente. O presente trabalho realizou um estudo sobre a remo??o de 15 HPA em ?gua produzida utilizando sistema microemulsionado. Para isso, foi desenvolvido um diagrama de fases pseudotern?rio constitu?do por ?gua produzida enriquecida com HPA, como fase aquosa (FA), n-hexano como fase oleosa (FO) e n-butanol e CTAB como cotensoativo (C) e tensoativo (T), respectivamente, a uma raz?o C/T = 4. A partir da constru??o do diagrama foi escolhido um ponto com uma alta porcentagem de FA para testar o tratamento, na regi?o de interesse, Winsor II (WII). Esse ponto (90% FA, 5% FO e 5% C/T) foi avaliado de duas maneiras: utilizando um precursor da forma??o de microemuls?o, utilizando como FA a ?gua produzida obtida e a mat?ria ativa (C/T) para a obten??o da microemuls?o formada nesse ponto, e a pr?pria microemuls?o obtida nesse ponto. A avalia??o qualitativa, realizada por meio de espectroscopia de fluoresc?ncia, mostrou que houve tratamento da ?gua produzida para ambos os m?todos, por?m, a avalia??o quantitativa, realizada por meio de cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia com detector de fluoresc?ncia (HPLC-FLD), mostrou que a extra??o utilizando a microemuls?o foi mais eficiente. Com isso, foi realizado um planejamento experimental simplex centr?ide para que o estudo da influ?ncia das fases fosse mensurado e, assim, fosse poss?vel identificar o ponto ?timo de extra??o. As amostras foram analisadas por HPLC-FLD e seus resultados mostraram que cada HPA apresentou uma superf?cie de resposta diferente, por?m todos apresentaram um m?ximo de extra??o no ponto de microemuls?o com a composi??o 90% FA, 5% FO e 5% C/T. Esse resultado mostra que essa t?cnica ? promissora para o tratamento da ?gua produzida na remo??o de HPA, constituindo-se em uma alternativa para o tratamento desse rejeito. / Produced water is the largest volume of disposal fluids generated during the production and processing of petroleum and natural gas and its composition can contain several toxic compounds, among them are the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), whose presence causes harmful effects to the environment. This paper discusses a study on the removal of 15 PAH in produced water using a microemulsion system. For this, it was developed a pseudo-ternary phase diagram consisting of produced water enriched with PAH, as the aqueous phase (AP), n-hexane as oily phase (OP) and n-butanol and CTAB as cosurfactant (C) and surfactant (T), respectively, to a right C/T = 4. From the diagram's construction was chosen a spot with a high percentage of AP to test the treatment in the region of interest, Winsor II (WII). This spot (90% AP, 5%C/T and 5% OP) was evaluated in two ways: using a precursor of microemulsion formation only with the AP and the active matter and microemulsion formed at that point, by adding the OP. The qualitative assessment, carried out by means of fluorescence spectroscopy, showed that there was water treatment for both methods, however, the quantitative assessment, carried out by means of high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD), showed that extraction using microemulsion was more efficient. With that, it was performed an simplex centroid experimental planning for the study of the influence of the phases and, thus, it was possible to identify the best point of extraction. The samples were analyzed by HPLC-FLD and its results showed that each PAH presented a different response surface, but all of them showed a maximum extraction at the point with microemulsion composition of 90% AP, 5% C/T and 5% OP. This result shows that this technique is promising for the treatment of produced water in removing HPA, constituting an alternative to the treatment of this reject.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:42:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JonasAB_DISSERT.pdf: 1695862 bytes, checksum: 814d00e46b0fb400b2ca97afa17cf2f1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-31 / Petr?leo Brasileiro SA - PETROBRAS / This work is directed to the treatment of organic compounds present in produced water from oil using electrochemical technology. The water produced is a residue of the petroleum industry are difficult to treat , since this corresponds to 98 % effluent from the effluent generated in the exploration of oil and contains various compounds such as volatile hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phenols, carboxylic acids and inorganic compounds. There are several types of treatment methodologies that residue being studied, among which are the biological processes, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), such as electrochemical treatments electrooxidation, electrocoagulation, electrocoagulation and eletroredution. The electrochemical method is a method of little environmental impact because instead of chemical reagents uses electron through reactions of oxide-reducing transforms toxic substances into substances with less environmental impact. Thus, this paper aims to study the electrochemical behavior and elimination of the BTX (benzene, toluene and xylene) using electrode of Ti/Pt. For the experiment an electrochemical batch system consists of a continuous source, anode Ti/Pt was used, applying three densities of current (1 mA/cm2, 2,5 mA/cm2 and 5 mA/cm2). The synthetic wastewater was prepared by a solution of benzene, toluene and xylene with a concentration of 5 ppm, to evaluate the electrochemical behavior by cyclic voltammetry and polarization curves, even before assessing the removal of these compounds in solution by electrochemical oxidation. The behavior of each of the compounds was evaluated by the use of electrochemical techniques indicate that each of the compounds when evaluated by cyclic voltammetry showed partial oxidation behavior via adsorption to the surface of the Ti/Pt electrode. The adsorption of each of the present compounds depends on the solution concentration but there is the strong adsorption of xylene. However, the removal was confirmed by UV-Vis, and analysis of total organic carbon (TOC), which showed a percentage of partial oxidation (19,8 % - 99,1 % TOC removed), confirming the electrochemical behavior already observed in voltammetry and cyclic polarization curves / O presente trabalho ? dirigido ao tratamento de compostos org?nicos presentes na ?gua produzida de petr?leo usando a tecnologia eletroqu?mica. A ?gua produzida ? um res?duo da ind?stria do petr?leo de dif?cil tratamento, j? que este efluente corresponde a 98 % do efluente gerado na explora??o do petr?leo e cont?m v?rios compostos, tais como hidrocarbonetos vol?teis (benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xileno), hidrocarbonetos polic?clicos arom?ticos (HPAs), fen?is, ?cidos carbox?licos e compostos inorg?nicos. Existem v?rios tipos de metodologias de tratamento desse res?duo sendo estudadas, dentre elas est?o os processos biol?gicos, os processos de oxida??o avan?ados (POAS), tratamentos eletroqu?micos como eletroxida??o, eletrocoagula??o, eletroflota??o e eletroredu??o. O tratamento eletroqu?mico ? um m?todo ambientalmente correto, pois em vez de reagentes qu?micos utiliza o el?tron que atrav?s de rea??es de oxido redu??o transforma as subst?ncias t?xicas em subst?ncias de menor impacto ambiental. Assim, este trabalho se prop?e a estudar o comportamento eletroqu?mico e a degrada??o dos BTX (benzeno, tolueno e xileno) usando o eletrodo de Ti/Pt. Para os experimentos foi utilizado um sistema eletroqu?mico em batelada composto por uma fonte de corrente cont?nua, ?nodo de Ti∕Pt, aplicando tr?s densidades de corrente (1,0 mA/cm2, 2,5 mA/cm2 e 5,0 mA/cm2). O efluente sint?tico foi preparado mediante uma solu??o de benzeno, tolueno e xileno com concentra??o de 5 ppm, com objetivo de avaliar o comportamento eletroqu?mico atrav?s de voltametria c?clica e curvas de polariza??o, antes mesmo de avaliar a remo??o desses compostos em solu??o atrav?s de oxida??o eletroqu?mica. O comportamento de cada um dos compostos foi avaliado mediante o uso de t?cnicas eletroqu?micas indicando que cada um dos compostos quando avaliado por voltametria c?clica, mostrou um comportamento de oxida??o parcial via adsor??o na superf?cie do eletrodo de Ti/Pt. A adsor??o de cada um dos compostos depende da concentra??o presente em solu??o, mas destaca-se a forte adsor??o do xileno. Entretanto, a remo??o foi comprovada atrav?s de espectrofotometria UV-Vis, e analises de carbono org?nico total (COT), os quais mostraram um percentual de oxida??o parcial (de 19,8 a 99,1% de COT removido), confirmando o comportamento eletroqu?mico j? observado na voltametria c?clica e curvas de polariza??o

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:42:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IreneTG.pdf: 2720368 bytes, checksum: fcef2515b36d3e7cbbc3bb1ab57a0651 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-28 / Petr?leo Brasileiro SA - PETROBRAS / The production of oil and gas is usually accompanied by the production of water, also known as produced water. Studies were conducted in platforms that discharge produced water in the Atlantic Ocean due to oil and gas production by Petrobras from 1996 to 2006 in the following basins: Santos (Brazilian south region), Campos (Brazilian southeast region) and Ceara (Brazilian northeast region). This study encompasses chemical composition, toxicological effects, discharge volumes, and produced water behavior after releasing in the ocean, including dispersion plumes modeling and monitoring data of the marine environment. The concentration medians for a sampling of 50 samples were: ammonia (70 mg L-1), boron (1.3 mg L1), iron (7.4 mg L-1), BTEX (4.6 mg L-1), PAH (0.53 mg L-1), TPH (28 mg L-1); phenols (1.3 mg L-1) and radioisotopes (0.15 Bq L-1 for 226Ra and 0.09 Bq L-1 for 228Ra). The concentrations of the organic and inorganic parameters observed for the Brazilian platforms were similar to the international reference data for the produced water in the North Sea and in other regions of the world. It was found significant differences in concentrations of the following parameters: BTEX (p<0.0001), phenols (p=0.0212), boron (p<0.0001), iron (p<0.0001) and toxicological response in sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus (p<0.0001) when considering two distinguished groups, platforms from southeast and northeast Region (PCR-1). Significant differences were not observed among the other parameters. In platforms with large gas production, the monoaromatic concentrations (BTEX from 15.8 to 21.6 mg L-1) and phenols (from 2 to 83 mg L-1) were higher than in oil plataforms (median concentrations of BTEX were 4.6 mg L-1 for n=53, and of phenols were 1.3 mg L-1 for n=46). It was also conducted a study about the influence of dispersion plumes of produced water in the vicinity of six platforms of oil and gas production (P-26, PPG-1, PCR-1, P-32, SS-06), and in a hypothetical critical scenario using the chemical characteristics of each effluent. Through this study, using CORMIX and CHEMMAP models for dispersion plumes simulation of the produced water discharges, it was possible to obtain the dilution dimension in the ocean after those discharges. The dispersion plumes of the produced water modelling in field vicinity showed dilutions of 700 to 900 times for the first 30-40 meters from the platform PCR-1 discharge point; 100 times for the platform P-32, with 30 meters of distance; 150 times for the platform P-26, with 40 meters of distance; 100 times for the platform PPG-1, with 130 meters of distance; 280 to 350 times for the platform SS-06, with 130 meters of distance, 100 times for the hypothetical critical scenario, with the 130 meters of distance. The dilutions continue in the far field, and with the results of the simulations, it was possible to verify that all the parameters presented concentrations bellow the maximum values established by Brazilian legislation for seawater (CONAMA 357/05 - Class 1), before the 500 meters distance of the discharge point. These results were in agreement with the field measurements. Although, in general results for the Brazilian produced water presented toxicological effects for marine organisms, it was verified that dilutions of 100 times were sufficient for not causing toxicological responses. Field monitoring data of the seawater around the Pargo, Pampo and PCR-1 platforms did not demonstrate toxicity in the seawater close to these platforms. The results of environmental monitoring in seawater and sediments proved that alterations were not detected for environmental quality in areas under direct influence of the oil production activities in the Campos and Ceara Basin, as according to results obtained in the dispersion plume modelling for the produced water discharge / A produ??o de ?leo e g?s ? normalmente acompanhada da produ??o de ?gua, que ? denominada ?gua produzida. Foram estudadas as plataformas que descartam ?gua produzida no Oceano Atl?ntico atrav?s das opera??es de produ??o de ?leo e g?s nas bacias petrol?feras de Santos (regi?o Sul), Campos (Sudeste) e Cear? (Nordeste) desde 1996 a 2006 operadas pela Petrobras. O estudo abrange caracter?sticas qu?micas, toxicol?gicas, volumes de descarte, e o comportamento da ?gua produzida ap?s o descarte no mar, abrangendo as plumas de dispers?o e dados de monitoramento do ambiente marinho. Para uma amostragem de cerca de 50 amostras, as medianas de concentra??o foram: am?nia (70 mg L-1), b?rio (1,3 mg-1), ferro (7,4 mg L-1), BTEX (4,6 mg L-1), HPA (0,53 mg L-1), THP (28 mg L-1); fen?is (1,3 mg L-1) e radiois?topos (0,15 Bq L-1 para 226Ra e 0,09 Bq L-1 para 228Ra). As concentra??es dos par?metros org?nicos e inorg?nicos observadas para as plataformas brasileiras foram similares aos dados de refer?ncias mundiais para ?gua produzida no Mar do Norte e outras regi?es do mundo. Quando considerados os dois grupos distintos, plataformas da regi?o sudeste e nordeste (PCR-1) foram verificadas diferen?as significativas nas concentra??es dos par?metros: BTEX (p<0,0001), Fen?is (p=0,0212), Boro (p<0,0001), Ferro (p<0,0001), Toxicidade com organismo Lytechnus Variegatus (p<0,0001). Nos demais par?metros n?o foram observadas diferen?as significativas. Nos casos de maior produ??o de g?s as concentra??es de monoarom?ticos (BTEX de 15, 8 a 21,6 mg L-1) e fen?is (2 a 83 mg L-1) foram mais elevadas do que nas plataformas de ?leo (concentra??es medianas de BTEX de 4,6 mg L-1 para n=53, e de fen?is de 1,3 mg L-1, para n=46). Foi realizado um estudo sobre a influ?ncia das plumas de dispers?o da ?gua produzida no entorno de seis plataformas de produ??o de ?leo e g?s (P-26, PPG-1, PCR-1, P-32, SS-06, e um cen?rio cr?tico hipot?tico) usando as caracter?sticas qu?micas de cada um dos efluentes. Atrav?s deste estudo, utilizando os modelos CORMIX e CHEMMAP para simula??o de plumas de dispers?o da ?gua produzida descartada em mar foi poss?vel obter uma dimens?o das dilui??es ocorridas no oceano a partir destes descartes. As modelagens das plumas de dispers?o da ?gua produzida para o campo pr?ximo mostraram dilui??es de cerca de: 700 a 900 vezes logo nos primeiros 30 a 40 metros do ponto de descarte para a plataforma PCR-1; 100 vezes para a plataforma P-32, em dist?ncia de 30 metros; 150 vezes para a plataforma P-26, em dist?ncia de 40 metros; 100 vezes para a plataforma PPG-1, em dist?ncia de 130 metros; 280 a 350 vezes para a plataforma SS-06, em dist?ncia de 130 metros, 100 vezes para o cen?rio critico hipot?tico, em dist?ncia de 130 metros. As dilui??es continuam no campo afastado, e com os resultados das simula??es foi poss?vel verificar que todos os par?metros atingem concentra??es abaixo dos valores limites admitidos pela Resolu??o CONAMA 357/05 para ?guas salinas de classe 1, antes de 500m de dist?ncia do ponto de descarte. Estes resultados est?o coerentes com as medidas de campo. Os estudos realizados na ?gua produzida brasileira apresentaram, de maneira geral, toxicidade para os organismos marinhos, no entanto verifica-se que dilui??es de 100 vezes s?o suficientes para n?o causar o efeito t?xico. Dados de monitoramento da ?gua do mar em torno das plataformas de Pargo, Pampo e PCR-1 n?o evidenciaram toxicidade na ?gua do mar no entorno daquelas plataformas. Os resultados de monitoramento ambiental de ?gua do mar e sedimentos comprovam que n?o foram detectadas altera??es da qualidade ambiental na ?rea sob influ?ncia direta das atividades de produ??o de petr?leo nas Bacias de Campos e do Cear?, corroborando todos os resultados de modelagem da pluma de dispers?o do descarte da ?gua produzida

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:42:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IreneTG.pdf: 2713368 bytes, checksum: cd06d392888febbf66e56bc3c0fe60f9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-28 / Petr?leo Brasileiro SA - PETROBRAS / The production of oil and gas is usually accompanied by the production of water, also known as produced water. Studies were conducted in platforms that discharge produced water in the Atlantic Ocean due to oil and gas production by Petrobras from 1996 to 2006 in the following basins: Santos (Brazilian south region), Campos (Brazilian southeast region) and Ceara (Brazilian northeast region). This study encompasses chemical composition, toxicological effects, discharge volumes, and produced water behavior after releasing in the ocean, including dispersion plumes modeling and monitoring data of the marine environment. The concentration medians for a sampling of 50 samples were: ammonia (70 mg L-1), boron (1.3 mg L1), iron (7.4 mg L-1), BTEX (4.6 mg L-1), PAH (0.53 mg L-1), TPH (28 mg L-1); phenols (1.3 mg L-1) and radioisotopes (0.15 Bq L-1 for 226Ra and 0.09 Bq L-1 for 228Ra). The concentrations of the organic and inorganic parameters observed for the Brazilian platforms were similar to the international reference data for the produced water in the North Sea and in other regions of the world. It was found significant differences in concentrations of the following parameters: BTEX (p<0.0001), phenols (p=0.0212), boron (p<0.0001), iron (p<0.0001) and toxicological response in sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus (p<0.0001) when considering two distinguished groups, platforms from southeast and northeast Region (PCR-1). Significant differences were not observed among the other parameters. In platforms with large gas production, the monoaromatic concentrations (BTEX from 15.8 to 21.6 mg L-1) and phenols (from 2 to 83 mg L-1) were higher than in oil plataforms (median concentrations of BTEX were 4.6 mg L-1 for n=53, and of phenols were 1.3 mg L-1 for n=46). It was also conducted a study about the influence of dispersion plumes of produced water in the vicinity of six platforms of oil and gas production (P-26, PPG-1, PCR-1, P-32, SS-06), and in a hypothetical critical scenario using the chemical characteristics of each effluent. Through this study, using CORMIX and CHEMMAP models for dispersion plumes simulation of the produced water discharges, it was possible to obtain the dilution dimension in the ocean after those discharges. The dispersion plumes of the produced water modelling in field vicinity showed dilutions of 700 to 900 times for the first 30-40 meters from the platform PCR-1 discharge point; 100 times for the platform P-32, with 30 meters of distance; 150 times for the platform P-26, with 40 meters of distance; 100 times for the platform PPG-1, with 130 meters of distance; 280 to 350 times for the platform SS-06, with 130 meters of distance, 100 times for the hypothetical critical scenario, with the 130 meters of distance. The dilutions continue in the far field, and with the results of the simulations, it was possible to verify that all the parameters presented concentrations bellow the maximum values established by Brazilian legislation for seawater (CONAMA 357/05 - Class 1), before the 500 meters distance of the discharge point. These results were in agreement with the field measurements. Although, in general results for the Brazilian produced water presented toxicological effects for marine organisms, it was verified that dilutions of 100 times were sufficient for not causing toxicological responses. Field monitoring data of the seawater around the Pargo, Pampo and PCR-1 platforms did not demonstrate toxicity in the seawater close to these platforms. The results of environmental monitoring in seawater and sediments proved that alterations were not detected for environmental quality in areas under direct influence of the oil production activities in the Campos and Ceara Basin, as according to results obtained in the dispersion plume modelling for the produced water discharge / A produ??o de ?leo e g?s ? normalmente acompanhada da produ??o de ?gua, que ? denominada ?gua produzida. Foram estudadas as plataformas que descartam ?gua produzida no Oceano Atl?ntico atrav?s das opera??es de produ??o de ?leo e g?s nas bacias petrol?feras de Santos (regi?o Sul), Campos (Sudeste) e Cear? (Nordeste) desde 1996 a 2006 operadas pela Petrobras. O estudo abrange caracter?sticas qu?micas, toxicol?gicas, volumes de descarte, e o comportamento da ?gua produzida ap?s o descarte no mar, abrangendo as plumas de dispers?o e dados de monitoramento do ambiente marinho. Para uma amostragem de cerca de 50 amostras, as medianas de concentra??o foram: am?nia (70 mg L-1), b?rio (1,3 mg-1), ferro (7,4 mg L-1), BTEX (4,6 mg L-1), HPA (0,53 mg L-1), THP (28 mg L-1); fen?is (1,3 mg L-1) e radiois?topos (0,15 Bq L-1 para 226Ra e 0,09 Bq L-1 para 228Ra). As concentra??es dos par?metros org?nicos e inorg?nicos observadas para as plataformas brasileiras foram similares aos dados de refer?ncias mundiais para ?gua produzida no Mar do Norte e outras regi?es do mundo. Quando considerados os dois grupos distintos, plataformas da regi?o sudeste e nordeste (PCR-1) foram verificadas diferen?as significativas nas concentra??es dos par?metros: BTEX (p<0,0001), Fen?is (p=0,0212), Boro (p<0,0001), Ferro (p<0,0001), Toxicidade com organismo Lytechnus Variegatus (p<0,0001). Nos demais par?metros n?o foram observadas diferen?as significativas. Nos casos de maior produ??o de g?s as concentra??es de monoarom?ticos (BTEX de 15, 8 a 21,6 mg L-1) e fen?is (2 a 83 mg L-1) foram mais elevadas do que nas plataformas de ?leo (concentra??es medianas de BTEX de 4,6 mg L-1 para n=53, e de fen?is de 1,3 mg L-1, para n=46). Foi realizado um estudo sobre a influ?ncia das plumas de dispers?o da ?gua produzida no entorno de seis plataformas de produ??o de ?leo e g?s (P-26, PPG-1, PCR-1, P-32, SS-06, e um cen?rio cr?tico hipot?tico) usando as caracter?sticas qu?micas de cada um dos efluentes. Atrav?s deste estudo, utilizando os modelos CORMIX e CHEMMAP para simula??o de plumas de dispers?o da ?gua produzida descartada em mar foi poss?vel obter uma dimens?o das dilui??es ocorridas no oceano a partir destes descartes. As modelagens das plumas de dispers?o da ?gua produzida para o campo pr?ximo mostraram dilui??es de cerca de: 700 a 900 vezes logo nos primeiros 30 a 40 metros do ponto de descarte para a plataforma PCR-1; 100 vezes para a plataforma P-32, em dist?ncia de 30 metros; 150 vezes para a plataforma P-26, em dist?ncia de 40 metros; 100 vezes para a plataforma PPG-1, em dist?ncia de 130 metros; 280 a 350 vezes para a plataforma SS-06, em dist?ncia de 130 metros, 100 vezes para o cen?rio critico hipot?tico, em dist?ncia de 130 metros. As dilui??es continuam no campo afastado, e com os resultados das simula??es foi poss?vel verificar que todos os par?metros atingem concentra??es abaixo dos valores limites admitidos pela Resolu??o CONAMA 357/05 para ?guas salinas de classe 1, antes de 500m de dist?ncia do ponto de descarte. Estes resultados est?o coerentes com as medidas de campo. Os estudos realizados na ?gua produzida brasileira apresentaram, de maneira geral, toxicidade para os organismos marinhos, no entanto verifica-se que dilui??es de 100 vezes s?o suficientes para n?o causar o efeito t?xico. Dados de monitoramento da ?gua do mar em torno das plataformas de Pargo, Pampo e PCR-1 n?o evidenciaram toxicidade na ?gua do mar no entorno daquelas plataformas. Os resultados de monitoramento ambiental de ?gua do mar e sedimentos comprovam que n?o foram detectadas altera??es da qualidade ambiental na ?rea sob influ?ncia direta das atividades de produ??o de petr?leo nas Bacias de Campos e do Cear?, corroborando todos os resultados de modelagem da pluma de dispers?o do descarte da ?gua produzida