Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Antropologia Social, Florianópolis, 2010 / Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-25T09:40:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
278463.pdf: 1845686 bytes, checksum: c308213aea24be9451640fdc7ca611fe (MD5) / Esta dissertação pretende revelar como os processos econômicos, políticos e sócio-culturais, permitiram a constituição e a emergência das práticas discursivas de dez intelectuais mayas, interlocutoras neste trabalho. Além disso, coloca em evidência como os fatos de subjetivação e objetivação dessas mulheres tiveram um papel fundamental na construção de suas trajetórias bem como, de suas diversas estratégias de resistência e transgressão. Tais estratégias resultaram em uma profunda transformação pessoal, constituindo-se também em paradigmas diferentes para as próximas gerações de mulheres mayas e para a sociedade guatemalteca em geral. Adotei como ponto de partida os relatos de dez histórias de vida que tem como pano de fundo a violência extrema contra as mulheres vivida na cotidianidade guatemalteca. Destes relatos destacam-se as relações de poder, tendo como base teórica Michel Foucault, que as explica como uma força que coage, disciplina e controla os individuos através do aparato ideológico, burocrático e bélico. Essas relações de poder e suas diversas expressões serão enfatizadas a partir da intersecção com o gênero, a classe e a etnia, a fim de entender os nexos existentes entre as identidades dessas mulheres e seu trabalho político e intelectual. Epistemologicamente, a Antropologia Feminista é o eixo que guia esta etnografia, já que como ferramenta teórico-metodológica torna visível o lugar das mulheres, assim como também valoriza a questão da subjetividade e o significado da experiência individual, acadêmica e coletiva dos sujeitos da pesquisa. Paralelamente, como metodologia, revisou-se os aportes teóricos do modelo foucaulteano da #genealogia e arqueologia do saber#, para estabelecer a emergência das práticas discursivas. E, para alcançar este objetivo, se privilegiou a metodologia qualitativa, pois esta dá ênfase ao estudo dos processos sociais. Como parte da estratégia metodológica buscou-se trabalhar com a técnica de #Histórias de Vida e testemunhos#, portanto, no que se refere aos procedimentos metodológicos, cabe mencionar que a etnografia aqui não é apenas pensada como um conjunto de técnicas, mas sim como uma articulação entre dados empíricos e teóricos que acaba por fornecer, na fase final do trabalho, um texto de cunho antropológico. A importância deste estudo sobre as mulheres indígenas torna-se mais uma ferramenta para que se identifiquem eventos cotidianos de resistência e transgressão nos espaços rituais, políticos, acadêmicos, territoriais, sociais, étnicos e religiosos. Finalmente percebe-se que embora, as protagonistas desta etnografia se desenvolvam em um sistema dominante neoliberal, elas emergem com uma série de práticas discursivas, com as quais propõem e participam da construção de uma sociedade mais equitativa, enriquecendo e transformando o conteúdo simbólico, político e social das mulheres indígenas da Guatemala e, nesse sentido, das mulheres indígenas do mundo. Mulheres intelectuais mayas que como menciona Edwar Said (1996) desmistificam, que criticam, que estão sempre alertas à manipulação do poder e, sobretudo, lutam por sua independência intelectual, tanto através de seus espaços privados quanto públicos, onde elas transitam permanentemente. / This dissertation aims to develop how economical, political and socio-cultural issues have given way to the constitution and emergence of discursive practices of ten intellectual Mayas, interviewed in this work. Furthermore, it provides evidence of how the subjectivity, objectivity and the diverse strategies of resistance and transgression of these women played a fundamental role in the construction of their trajectories. These strategies resulted in a profound personal transformation and set examples for future generations of Mayan women and the Guatemalan society in general. As a starting point, I have adopted the life stories of these ten women, to explain the background of the extreme violence that women face on a daily basis in Guatemala. These narrations reveal the relation of power, based on Michel Foucault.s theory, which unveil how force is used as a means of imposition, discipline and control of individuals through ideological apparatuses, bureaucracy and war. These power relations and their diverse forms of expression will be highlighted by focusing on gender, class and ethnicity in order to understand the already present connections these women have between identity and their political and intellectual works. Epistemologically, feminist anthropology is the axis that guides this ethnographical journey, as the methodological and theoretical tool becomes visible the place of the women. It also focuses on the question of subjectivity and the meaning of individual, academic and collective experiences of the women in question. Equally, in the methodology of this dissertation, I will revise the #Genealogy and Archaeology of knowledge# theories of Foucault, which will help to establish the necessity for discursive practices. To further attain this goal, the qualitative method will give emphasis to the study of social processes. #Life histories and testimonies# will be used as part of this methodological strategy. Therefore, it is worth mentioning that ethnography here is not only thought of through skill, but with articulation of empirical and theoretical facts which allow to create, in the final part of the dissertation, with an anthropological text. The importance of this study on indigenous women further strengthens the necessity of daily resistance and transgression from ritual, political, intellectual, territorial, social, ethnological and religious spaces. Finally, it is important to note that the protagonists of this work progress under a dominant and neoliberal system. They have emerged with a series of discursive practices, with which they propose and participate in the construction of a more equal society. Therefore, they are able to enrich and transform the symbolical, political and social content of indigenous women in Guatemala, and in this sense, of indigenous women around the world. Intellectual women Mayas, as is mentioned by Edward Said (1996), demystify, criticize and always remain alert to the manipulation of power, and above all, fight for the intellectual independence, be it privately or publicly, of where they permanently appear.This dissertation aims to develop how economical, political and socio-cultural issues have given way to the constitution and emergence of discursive practices of ten intellectual Mayas, interviewed in this work. Furthermore, it provides evidence of how the subjectivity, objectivity and the diverse strategies of resistance and transgression of these women played a fundamental role in the construction of their trajectories. These strategies resulted in a profound personal transformation and set examples for future generations of Mayan women and the Guatemalan society in general. As a starting point, I have adopted the life stories of these ten women, to explain the background of the extreme violence that women face on a daily basis in Guatemala. These narrations reveal the relation of power, based on Michel Foucault.s theory, which unveil how force is used as a means of imposition, discipline and control of individuals through ideological apparatuses, bureaucracy and war. These power relations and their diverse forms of expression will be highlighted by focusing on gender, class and ethnicity in order to understand the already present connections these women have between identity and their political and intellectual works. Epistemologically, feminist anthropology is the axis that guides this ethnographical journey, as the methodological and theoretical tool becomes visible the place of the women. It also focuses on the question of subjectivity and the meaning of individual, academic and collective experiences of the women in question. Equally, in the methodology of this dissertation, I will revise the #Genealogy and Archaeology of knowledge# theories of Foucault, which will help to establish the necessity for discursive practices. To further attain this goal, the qualitative method will give emphasis to the study of social processes. #Life histories and testimonies# will be used as part of this methodological strategy. Therefore, it is worth mentioning that ethnography here is not only thought of through skill, but with articulation of empirical and theoretical facts which allow to create, in the final part of the dissertation, with an anthropological text. The importance of this study on indigenous women further strengthens the necessity of daily resistance and transgression from ritual, political, intellectual, territorial, social, ethnological and religious spaces. Finally, it is important to note that the protagonists of this work progress under a dominant and neoliberal system. They have emerged with a series of discursive practices, with which they propose and participate in the construction of a more equal society. Therefore, they are able to enrich and transform the symbolical, political and social content of indigenous women in Guatemala, and in this sense, of indigenous women around the world. Intellectual women Mayas, as is mentioned by Edward Said (1996), demystify, criticize and always remain alert to the manipulation of power, and above all, fight for the intellectual independence, be it privately or publicly, of where they permanently appear.This dissertation aims to develop how economical, political and socio-cultural issues have given way to the constitution and emergence of discursive practices of ten intellectual Mayas, interviewed in this work. Furthermore, it provides evidence of how the subjectivity, objectivity and the diverse strategies of resistance and transgression of these women played a fundamental role in the construction of their trajectories. These strategies resulted in a profound personal transformation and set examples for future generations of Mayan women and the Guatemalan society in general. As a starting point, I have adopted the life stories of these ten women, to explain the background of the extreme violence that women face on a daily basis in Guatemala. These narrations reveal the relation of power, based on Michel Foucault.s theory, which unveil how force is used as a means of imposition, discipline and control of individuals through ideological apparatuses, bureaucracy and war. These power relations and their diverse forms of expression will be highlighted by focusing on gender, class and ethnicity in order to understand the already present connections these women have between identity and their political and intellectual works. Epistemologically, feminist anthropology is the axis that guides this ethnographical journey, as the methodological and theoretical tool becomes visible the place of the women. It also focuses on the question of subjectivity and the meaning of individual, academic and collective experiences of the women in question. Equally, in the methodology of this dissertation, I will revise the #Genealogy and Archaeology of knowledge# theories of Foucault, which will help to establish the necessity for discursive practices. To further attain this goal, the qualitative method will give emphasis to the study of social processes. #Life histories and testimonies# will be used as part of this methodological strategy. Therefore, it is worth mentioning that ethnography here is not only thought of through skill, but with articulation of empirical and theoretical facts which allow to create, in the final part of the dissertation, with an anthropological text. The importance of this study on indigenous women further strengthens the necessity of daily resistance and transgression from ritual, political, intellectual, territorial, social, ethnological and religious spaces. Finally, it is important to note that the protagonists of this work progress under a dominant and neoliberal system. They have emerged with a series of discursive practices, with which they propose and participate in the construction of a more equal society. Therefore, they are able to enrich and transform the symbolical, political and social content of indigenous women in Guatemala, and in this sense, of indigenous women around the world. Intellectual women Mayas, as is mentioned by Edward Said (1996), demystify, criticize and always remain alert to the manipulation of power, and above all, fight for the intellectual independence, be it privately or publicly, of where they permanently appear.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufsc.br:123456789/94415 |
| Date | 25 October 2012 |
| Creators | García, Dina Susana Mazariegos |
| Contributors | Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Tassinari, Antonella Maria Imperatriz, Grossi, Miriam Pillar |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, instacron:UFSC |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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