Over the last few decades, ethanol production from renewable resources has been of interest as an alternative fuel to the current fossil fuel, due to the unstable oil market and in order to decrease net emission of carbon dioxide which leads to global warming. According to analyses of DG Transport and Energy (TREN), it is not possible to reach the current biofuels directive promoting 5,75 % biofuel by the year 2010, due to the markets and technologies, but by the year 2020 achievement of 6.9% is expected. This new law will increase biofuel demand by 3,1 %.Lignocelluloses materials, which are relatively cheap and plentiful, are considered to be the main source of feedstock’s for low-cost bio-ethanol production. The general procedure to convert lignocelluloses material to bioethanol is hydrolysis of the hemicelluloses and the cellulose to its monomer sugars, fermentation and distillation.Bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi are able to ferment hydrolysates from different plants and convert it to bioethanol.Mucor indicus is a filamentous fungus; it is able to utilize a wide range of hexoses, phentoses and disaccharides (cellobiose) in order to produce ethanol. The Ethanol yield and productivity of this microorganism from hexoses are as same as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. But the reason that it is one of the candidates for ethanol production is the fungus ability to utilize xylose. The cell wall of M.indicus contains significant quantity of chitosan/chitin which can be easily extracted. Chitosan is the deacetylated products of chitin. They have many applications in chemistry, biotechnology, medicine, veterinary, dentistry, agriculture, food processing, environmental protection, water purification, cosmetic and textile industries.The results of the current work show that the glucose concentration in the medium had a great impact on the lag phase, glucose consumption and ethanol production in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The lag phase increased as the initial concentration of glucose increased. While the glucose concentration increased above 190 g/l in the medium the glucose consumption and ethanol production decreased in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The glucose tolerance of M.indicus in both aerobic and anaerobic condition is about 190 g/l and in the anaerobic condition the ethanol tolerance of this fungus is around 70 g/. / Uppsatsnivå: D
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:UPSALLA1/oai:DiVA.org:hb-19029 |
| Date | January 2008 |
| Creators | Abtahi, Zohreh |
| Publisher | Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, University of Borås/School of Engineering |
| Source Sets | DiVA Archive at Upsalla University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Student thesis, info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis, text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | Magisteruppsats, |
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