This master thesis examines if a battery energy storage installed in an apartment building with PV production can be a profitable investment and how it should be used. By modelling different types of applications such as peak shaving, increasing self-consumption and primary frequency reserves, the most profitable application for the battery storage can be found. There are a lot of parameters to take into consideration when modelling a battery delivering flexibility services to the grid. Parameters linked to batteries, electricity contracts, household load, PV-production and different primary frequency reserves had to be taken into consideration when modelling. The result shows that scenario 2.6 (FCR-D (↑) + FCR-D (↓) + FFR + FCR-N) generated the highest net income of 313 629 SEK annually. The most profitable scenario over a 10-year period was scenario 2.1 (FFR) with an income of 12 529 SEK per installed kWh. This is because the frequency reserve was only active during the summer months, therefore it fits well as a combination with PV production. FFR also paid the most per average delivered energy [SEK/kWh] and did not need as high battery capacity as scenario 2.6. Another advantage with scenario 2.1 was that it did not create as high power peaks as the other primary frequency reserves did, which can affect the electricity contract of the building. With today’s wide market of different primary frequency reserves, the possibilities increase. Other applications than a battery storage can be used to deliver different primary frequency services to the electricity grid.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:UPSALLA1/oai:DiVA.org:uu-477065 |
| Date | January 2022 |
| Creators | Egnell, Oscar, Levison, Jakob |
| Publisher | Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för fysik och astronomi |
| Source Sets | DiVA Archive at Upsalla University |
| Language | Swedish |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Student thesis, info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis, text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | UPTEC ES, 1650-8300 ; 22019 |
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