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Previous issue date: 2016-08-15 / O presente trabalho foi realizado com a finalidade de observar a aplica??o do tratamento
eletrocin?tico e o comportamento de seus fen?menos (eletr?lise, eletro-osmose,
eletromigra??o e eletroforese) na descontamina??o de solos carbon?ceo contaminado por
componentes ex?geno. Para a comprova??o desta, foi realizada uma s?rie de
experimentos para determina??o de melhor volume para trtamento, assim modificando as
c?lulas eletrocin?ticas utilizadas. Os experimentos foram realizados em c?lula com
volumes internos diferentes, variando de 0.2 L, 1.5 L e 3.0 L, variando assim o volume
para melhor comprotar as amostras, desta forma favorecendo a defini??o de uma c?lula
com melhor rendimento para o experimental. Em ambos os experimentos desenvolvidos
o solo foi contaminado com concentra??es diferentes de petr?leo bruto da forma??o
Umburana, variando entre 500 mg/L a 2500 mg/L, desta maneira constituindo a matriz
sedimentar carbon?fera contaminada. Para configura??o da amostra utilizou-se de uma
quantidade de sedimento com peso variando entre 0,05 Kg, 0.8 Kg e 1,5 Kg de rocha
sedimentar carbon?fera macerada, o processamento foi feito para que esta atigisse uma
fra??o granulometrica de 35# (mesh) ou 0.5 mm. A s?rie de experimentos ser? discutida
em tr?s grandes unidades; Experimentos preliminares, interm?diarios e finais nos quais
se consolidou uma metodologia para o Remedia??o Eletrocin?tica de Solos (RES) com
maior rendimento devido s interferencias construtivas da propria c?lula utliada. Os
eletrodos utlizados para a remedia??o foram o ?nodo Dimensionalmente Estavel (DSA)
de Rut?nio-Tit?nio-?xido (Ti/Ru0,34Ti0,66O2) e eltrodos de Gr?fite Carbono (gr?fite sp2)
aplicando diferentes correntes eletricas. A elimina??o dos compostos org?nicos foi
monitorada mediante Carbono Org?nico Total (COT), Potencial Zeta (?) e medidas
espectrofotom?tricas (UV-Vis?vel). Tamb?m foram feitas medida de potencial
Hidrog?nio-i?nico (pH), condutividade (S/cm), e volume de vaporiza??o do eletr?lito
utilizado (Na2SO4). Os resultados indicaram descontamina??o do meio entre 50% a 80%
com baixo custo de 0.04 Real/kWh, sendo um bom percentual para remo??o de derivados
de petroleo em solo. Os testes duraram entre 72 h a 480 h e foi verificada a remo??o de
poluentes org?nicos nos compartimento cat?dico e an?dico, e com provavel carga de
metais pesado. O potencial zeta indicou que os compostos org?nicos s?o transportados
devido aos fen?menos de eletromigra??o e eletro-osmose, e confirma que o tamanho das
part?culas varia ao decorrer do tempo de descontamina??o, formando assim ?cluster? de
part?culas eletricamente carregadas que em sua grande maioria det?m carga negativa. A
eletr?lise dos eletr?litos favoreceu a forma??o de um gradiente de pH, formando assim
uma frente ?cida/b?sica constatada por n?lise dos eletrolitos nos reserv?torios, esta
permitindo um aumento na mobilidade dos contaminantes do solo para os reservatorios.
O efluente residual contaminado com petr?leo, tamb?m foi tratado com ox?da??o an?dica
utlizando de eletrodo de dimanete dopado com boro (DDB) e densidades de corrente de
20 e 60 mA/cm2, os n?veis finais de descontamina??o atingido pelo tratamento acoplado
foram de 80% no residual do efluente, definindo um alto n?vel de descontamina??o. / This work was carried out with the purpose of observing the application of electrokinetic
treatment and behavior of its phenomena (electrolysis, electro-osmosis, electromigration
and electrophoresis) in the decontamination of carbonaceous soils contaminated by
exogenous components. To test this, a series of experiments was performed to determine
the best volume treatment thus modifying electrokinetic cells used. The experiments were
performed in cells with different internal volumes ranging from 0.2 L, 1.5 L and 3.0 L,
thus varying the volume to better comprotar samples thus favoring the development of a
cell with better performance for the experiment. In both experiments developed soil was
contaminated with different concentrations of crude oil from the formation Umburana
ranging from 500 mg/L to 2500 mg/L, thus constituting the contaminated sediment coal
matrix. For configuration of the sample used is an amount of sediment weighing between
0.05 kg, 0.8 kg and 1.5 kg of coal sedimentary rock macerated, processing was done so
that is reached one granulometric fraction of 35 # (mesh ) or 0.5 mm. A series of
experiments will be discussed in three main units; Preliminary experiments, intermediate
and final in which consolidated a methodology for Electrokinetic Remediation of Soils
(RES) with higher yield due to constructive interference of s own utliada cell. The
utlizados electrodes for remediation were Dimensionally Stable Anode (DSA) of
ruthenium-titanium-oxide (Ti/Ru0,34Ti0,66O2) and electrodes of graphite carbon (graphite
sp2) applying different currents eletricas. The removal of organic compounds was
monitored by Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Zeta potential (?) and spectrophotometric
measurements (UV-Visible). They were also made Hydrogen ion-potential measurement
(pH), conductivity (mS/cm) and the volume of vaporization of the electrolyte used
(Na2SO4). The results indicated decontamination of the medium between 50% to 80%
with low cost 0.04 Real/kWh, with a good percentage for removal of oil derivatives on
the ground. The tests lasted between 72 h to 480 h and checked for removal of pollutants
in the cathodic and anodic compartment, with possible load heavy metals. The zeta
potential indicated that the organic compounds are transported due to electromigration
and electro-osmosis phenomena, and confirms that the particle size varies during the
decontamination time, thus forming "cluster" of electrically charged particles that mostly
holds negative charge. Electrolysis of electrolyte favors the formation of a pH gradient,
thus forming an acid/base face detected by analysis of the electrolyte in the reservoirs, it
is enabling an increase in mobility of soil contaminants to the reservoirs. The residual
effluent contaminated with oil, has also been treated with anodic oxidation utlizando of
electrode the dimond doped with boron (DDB) and current densities of 20 and 60
mA/cm2, the final levels of decontamination achieved by coupled treatment were 80% in
the residual effluent defining a high level of decontamination.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/21941 |
| Date | 15 August 2016 |
| Creators | Silva, Evanimek Bernardo Sabino da |
| Contributors | 01139059980, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2485073932883264, Gondim, Amanda Duarte, 03014598437, http://lattes.cnpq.br/6738828245487480, Silva, Djalma Ribeiro da, 13893734449, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2791074318745945, Penha, F?bio Garcia, 68001851915, http://lattes.cnpq.br/0866082836928725, Castro, Suely Souza Leal de, 05705753896, http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860381828526444, Fernandes, Nedja Suely, Huitle, Carlos Alberto Martinez |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM QU?MICA, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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