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Internprissättning : En studie av svenska företag

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mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Normal tabell"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} --> <!--[endif]--></p><p>Begreppet ekonomistyrning innefattar många aktiviteter som i grunden handlar om att uppnå ekonomiska mål. Internprissättning är ett av dessa. När ett företag växer i storlek uppkommer ofta en diskussion om hur organisationen ska decentraliseras och vem som ska fatta beslut. Vanligt idag är att företagen decentraliseras och fler och fler beslut fattas lokalt.</p><p>1967 gjordes en enkätundersökning som innefattade totalt 235 svenska företag varav bland annat alla börsnoterade. Man ville undersöka vad man i svenska företag vill åstadkomma med sin internavräkning. Det finns många olika anledningar till varför ett företag använder internprissättning. Vissa menar att internprissättning hjälper ett företag att koordinera de olika enheterna så att de kan jobba effektivare. Andra författare och forskare går ett steg längre och hävdar att internprissättning är en förutsättning för att uppdelningen i självständiga enheter ska fungera.</p><p>Vår ambition var att komma fram till hur internprissättningen ser ut i svenska företag idag och att jämföra resultatet med hur det sett ut tidigare. Därför utgick författarna från tidigare forskning; främst Göran Arvidssons publikation från 1972 samt en rapport om internprissättning utgiven av Lantz et al 2002. Även doktorsavhandlingar och uppsatser på kandidat- och magisternivå har använts för att kartlägga tidigare forskning inom ämnet.</p><p>Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka av vilken anledning svenska företag använder internprissättning och vilken prissättningsmetod som förekommer mest frekvent samt att se om detta har förändrats över tiden.</p><p>För att ge svar på forskningsfrågorna har en enkät skapas för att samla in kvantitativ information. Enkäten skapades genom att använda gratistjänsten MySurvs på Internet där användaren kan göra enkäter och sedan på ett enkelt sätt göra dem tillgängliga för respondenterna.</p><p>Vi har besvarat vårt syfte som utvecklades ur problemformuleringen. Vi kan konstatera att vår undersökning går i linje med Arvidssons från 1972, fråntaget syftet skatteskäl. En bidragande orsak till detta är lagen om dokumentationsskyldighet som bör ha haft stor inverkan på vårt resultat. 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panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1107304683 0 0 159 0;} @font-face {font-family:Garamond; panose-1:2 2 4 4 3 3 1 1 8 3; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:647 0 0 0 159 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-unhide:no; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; margin-top:0cm; margin-right:0cm; margin-bottom:9.0pt; margin-left:0cm; text-align:justify; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Garamond","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} .MsoChpDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; mso-default-props:yes; font-size:10.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family:"Tms Rmn"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Tms Rmn";} @page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:70.85pt 70.85pt 70.85pt 70.85pt; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Normal tabell"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} --> <!--[endif]--></p><p>Management accounting includes many activities that basically are about achieving organisational goals. Transfer pricing is one of these. When a company grows in size, it has to decide how to decentralize its organisation and at what level decisions should be made. Over the last decades there has been a trend to decentralize the firms and make more decisions locally.</p><p>A survey was conducted in 1967 that included 235 Swedish firms, in order to investigate what Swedish companies wanted to accomplish with its transfer pricing system. There are many reasons why firms use transfer pricing. Some authors and researchers in the subject argue that transfer pricing helps a firm to coordinate its divisions in order to make them work more effective. Other researchers imply that transfer pricing is a requisite when decentralizing the organisation.</p><p>Our ambition was to find out how firms use transfer pricing today and to compare that to the 1970’s. We started out by analysing other researchers’ work, of which Arvidsson’s publication from 1972 and a business report by Lantz from 2002 were most significant. Doctoral-, bachelor- and master theses have also been used in order to gain an understanding of the field.</p><p>The purpose of this thesis is to investigate why Swedish firms use transfer pricing and which method is most common when setting transfer prices and if this has changed over time.</p><p>In order to answer the research questions, a survey was conducted to gather quantitative information. It was created using MySurvs, an internet survey provider, where the user can create surveys and easily send them to respondents.</p><p>We have served our purpose which was created from the research questions. Our investigation is similar to what Arvidsson concluded in 1972, except from the purpose “tax reasons”. This can, at least partly, be explained by the implementation of a new law about transfer pricing documentation. Cost based methods are still the most common method when setting transfer prices.</p><p> </p>

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:UPSALLA/oai:DiVA.org:hj-7760
Date January 2009
CreatorsKörner, John, Davidsson, Niclas
PublisherJönköping University, JIBS, Business Administration, Jönköping University, JIBS, Business Administration
Source SetsDiVA Archive at Upsalla University
LanguageSwedish
Detected LanguageEnglish
TypeStudent thesis, text

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