台灣產業的發展一向與國際市場的脈動相連，光電產業也不例外，近幾年來在國際的夾擊之下依然發展得極為出色，與其他部分高科技產業共同支撐起台灣科技產業的命脈。所以本研究藉著資料包絡分析法 (data envelopment analysis, DEA) 的應用，透過計算整體技術效率、純粹技術效率、規模效率與 Malmquist 生產力指數，具體衡量出各廠商的生產效率值與跨期變化情形以供廠商參考。另外將光電產業依產品特性分成幾個次產業，為各次產業提出客觀的經營建議。最後由 Tobit 迴歸分析影響效率的重要因素，提供提升效率的參考，希望能對我國的光電產業有所幫助，而繼續為台灣科技產業的成長努力。
本研究以國內 30 家光電產業廠商於 2000 年至 2003 年之資料為研究範圍，選取的投入變數為：員工人數、固定資產、營業成本與營業費用四項，產出變數為營業收入淨額與稅前淨利。另外迴歸分析中使用的解釋變數為董監員工紅利率、存貨週轉率、負債比率、研發費用率、 TCRI 信用評等與董監持股比率。
研究結果顯示，整個光電產業整體無效率的原因較多是技術無效率導致，小部份是規模無效率造成的；而就每個次產業而言，以其四年平均值來看亦是受技術無效率影響較多。而在 Malmquist 生產力指數分析中發現，整個光電產業只有在 2000 年至 2001 年間，因技術退步的影響大於綜合技術效率進步的影響，而使得生產力衰退，往後的期間皆呈現進步的態勢。而在次產業方面，綜合技術效率的退步導致光通訊產業在 2001 年至 2002 年間的生產力衰退；技術的退步使得 2002 年至 2003 年間的光輸出入產業產生生產力的衰退。
最後，在迴歸分析中的結果為存貨週轉率對於整體技術效率有著顯著的正向影響；研發費用率是顯著的負向影響。而在純粹技術效率部份，存貨週轉率有顯著正向影響；TCRI評等越佳，TCRI 值越低，純粹技術效率越好。 / Taiwan's industries are always connected closely with international market, and optoelectronic industry is no exception. Through keenly competence these years, it is still brilliant and boosts the lifeline of Taiwan's Technology industry with other Hi-tech industries. So this research uses data envelopment analysis as objective references to enhance production efficiency. First we divide the whole optoelectronic industry into several sub-industries according to the characteristics of their products, and calculate every firm and sub-industry’s values of technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency and Malmquist index definitely. Then we analyze the key factors influencing production efficiency and offer references for helping optoelectronic industry better.
This research is based on the data of 30 optoelectronic firms in Taiwan during the 2000-2003 periods. We use the number of employee, fixed assets, operating costs and operating expenses as input variables; net sales revenue and net income before taxes as output variables. Besides, the explanatory variables in regression analysis are the percentage of bonus accounting for operating net amount, inventory turns, debt ratio, the percentage of R&D expenses accounting for operating net amount, TCRI, share holding on directors.
The result shows that inefficiency in the whole industry and sub-industries mainly comes from technical inefficiency. MPI demonstrates that productivity of the whole industry is declined only during 2000-2001 period and it is because of declined technology. And declined technical efficiency results in the declined productivity of fiber-communication industry between 2001-2002; declined technology results in the declined productivity of optical input/output devices industry between 2002-2003.
Under regression analysis, the result shows that inventory turnovers have a significant positive effect on efficiency; the percentage of R&D expenses accounting for operating net amount has a significant negative effect on efficiency. And about pure technical efficiency, inventory turn has a significant positive effect; TCRI has a significant negative effect.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0091258024 |
| Creators | 陳俊銘 |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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