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Previous issue date: 2018-03-28 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / A total evidence analysis of the Harttiini sensu Isbr?cker is presented. Ten genera historically
included in the tribe are assumed as ingroup in the present analysis, which comprises:
Aposturisoma, Cteniloricaria, Farlowella, Harttia, Harttiella, Lamontichthys, Metaloricaria,
Pterosturisoma, Sturisoma and Sturisomatichthys. The ingroup encompasses 78 terminal taxa plus
22 belonging to the outgroup which were chosen from other subfamilies of the Loricariidae and
genera of the Loricariini. Seven molecular markers were included for the phylogenetic analysis, the
mitochondrial Cytb, nd2, 12S and 16S, and the nuclear MyH6, RAG1 and RAG2. Additionally, 216
morphological characters are included, which encompasses characters proposed by previous authors
and new characters proposed herein including both osteology and external morphology. A
Maximum Parsimony analysis and a Bayesian Inference analyses were carried out using the
concatenated matrix which is comprised by 6,839 characters. Thirty most parsimonious trees were
found with a length of 18.254 steps, consistency index (CI) of 0.37 and retention index (RI) of 0.59,
a consensus tree was obtained and showed a paraphyletic Harttiini sensu Isbr?cker; the same result
was obtained from the Bayesian Inference analysis. Harttiini comprises Harttia, Harttiella and
Cteniloricaria. Farlowellina is elevated to the tribe rank as Farlowellini, encompassing Farlowella,
Lamontichthys, Pterosturisoma, Sturisoma and Sturisomatichthys; Aposturisoma is here suggested
as junior synonym of Farlowella. Metaloricaria is assigned to the monotypic Metaloricariini. On
the other hand, the Loricariini is here restricted to a unique group without a subtribal division,
contrary to what was proposed in previous studies. Sturisoma was corroborated here to be strictly
cis-Andean, while Sturisomatichthys encompasses, besides the valid species already included in the
genus, the trans-Andean species belonging to Sturisoma sensu lato. Two new species of the former
and one new species of the latter were recognized. A new classification for the Loricariinae is
offered, as well as for identification keys for the genera of both the Harttiini and the Farlowellini.
Discussions regarding the taxonomy of the genera found to be valid are offered. Furthermore, a
taxonomic revision of Sturisomatichthys is presented. A total of 358 specimens including both type
an non-type specimens of all valid species were examined. Sturisomatichthys was found to
encompass 12 valid species: Sturisomatichthys aureus, S. caquetae, S. citurensis, S. dariensis, S.
festivus, S. frenatus, S. kneri, S. leightoni, S. panamensis, S. tamanae. In addition, two new species
are described, Sturisomatichthys Baud? n.sp. from the Baud? River, in Northwestern Colombia,
belonging to the Caribbean slope of the continent, and Sturisomatichthys San Juan n.sp. from the
San Juan River basin in western Colombia, on the Pacific slope. Sturisomatichthys caquetae, from
the Morelia River, upper Amazon, is transferred back from Sturisoma and S. leightoni is distributed,
besides the Magdalena-Cauca basin, in the Orinoco basin; thus, Sturisomatichthys is discovered to
be distributed in both trans- and cis-Andean drainages. A neotype is designated for S. aureus from
the Lower Magdalena basin, type locality of the species. New records of localities in the
Northwestern region of South America, as well as the redescription and taxonomic comments of all
valid species, are provided. Maps with the distribution of the genus and a key of identification of
the species are provided. / Uma an?lise de evid?ncia total de Harttiini sensu Isbr?cker ? apresentada. Dez g?neros
historicamente alocados na tribo foram inclu?dos: Aposturisoma, Cteniloricaria, Farlowella,
Harttia, Harttiella, Lamontichthys, Metaloricaria, Pterosturisoma, Sturisoma e Sturisomatichthys.
O grupo interno inclui 78 t?xons terminais mais 22 pertencentes ao grupo externo, que foram
escolhidos de outras subfam?lias de Loricariidae e g?neros de Loricariini. Sete marcadores
moleculares foram inclu?dos, os mitocondriais Cytb, nd2, 12S e 16S, e os nucleares MyH6, RAG1 e
RAG2. Al?m disso, 216 caracteres morfol?gicos s?o oferecidos, incluindo caracteres propostos por
autores anteriores e caracteres novos propostos aqui, incluindo osteologia e morfologia externa.
Uma an?lise de M?xima Parcim?nia e uma an?lise de Infer?ncia Bayesiana foram realizadas
utilizando a matriz concatenada, composta por 6.839 caracteres. Foram encontradas trinta ?rvores
mais parcimoniosas com um comprimento de 18.254 passos, ?ndice de consist?ncia (IC) de 0,37 e
?ndice de reten??o (RI) de 0,59, uma ?rvore consenso foi gerada, o qual resultou em Harttiini sensu
Isbr?cker como parafil?tico; o mesmo resultado foi obtido a partir da an?lise de Infer?ncia
Bayesiana. Harttiini inclui Harttia, Harttiella e Cteniloricaria. Farlowellina ? proposto ser elevado
ao n?vel de tribo como Farlowellini, abrangendo Farlowella, Lamontichthys, Pterosturisoma,
Sturisoma e Sturisomatichthys; Aposturisoma ? aqui sugerido como sin?nimo junior de Farlowella.
Metaloricaria ? atribu?do a monot?pico Metaloricariini. Por outro lado, Loricariini est? aqui restrito
a um grupo ?nico sem uma divis?o subtribal, ao contr?rio do que foi proposto em estudos
anteriores. Sturisoma foi corroborado aqui ser estritamente cis-andino, enquanto Sturisomatichthys
engloba, al?m das esp?cies v?lidas j? inclu?das no g?nero, as esp?cies trans-andinas pertencentes a
Sturisoma sensu lato. Foram reconhecidas duas esp?cies novas de Sturisomatichthys e uma nova
esp?cie de Sturisoma. Uma nova classifica??o para Loricariinae ? oferecida, bem como chaves de
identifica??o para os g?neros de Harttiini e Farlowellini. Discuss?es sobre a taxonomia dos g?neros
encontrados como v?lidaos sao oferecidas. Adicionalmente, uma revis?o taxon?mica de
Sturisomatichthys ? apresentada. Um total de 358 esp?cimes, incluindo ambos os esp?cimes tipo e
n?o tipo de todas as esp?cies v?lidas foram examinados. Verificou-se que Sturisomatichthys
abrange 12 esp?cies v?lidas: Sturisomatichthys aureus, S. caquetae, S. citurensis, S. dariensis, S.
festivus, S. frenatus, S. kneri, S. leightoni, S. panamensis, S. tamanae. Al?m disso, duas novas
esp?cies s?o descritas, Sturisomatichthys Baud? n.sp. do rio Baud?, no noroeste da Col?mbia,
pertencente ? vertente Caribe do continente, e Sturisomatichthys San Juan n.sp. da bacia do rio San
Juan, no oeste da Col?mbia, na vertente do Pac?fico. Sturisomatichthys caquetae, do rio Morelia,
alto Amazonas, ? transferida de Sturisoma e S. leightoni est? distribu?do, al?m da bacia Magdalena-
Cauca, na bacia do rio Orinoco. Assim, descobriu-se que Sturisomatichthys ? distribu?do em
drenagens trans e cis-andinas. Um neotipo ? designado para S. aureus, do baixo rio Magdalena,
localidade tipo da esp?cie. S?o fornecidos novos registros de localidades na regi?o noroeste da
Am?rica do Sul, bem como a redescri??o e coment?rios taxon?micos de todas as esp?cies v?lidas.
Mapas com a distribui??o do g?nero e uma chave de identifica??o das esp?cies s?o fornecidos.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/8034 |
| Date | 28 March 2018 |
| Creators | Londo?o-Burbano, Alejandro |
| Contributors | Reis, Roberto Esser dos |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s Gradua??o em Zoologia, PUCRS, Brasil, Escola de Ci?ncias |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | -6482652380601267558, 500, 600, -2555911436985713659 |
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