Photovoltaic (PV) technology using organic solar cells have attracted much attention, as it is a simple and efficient way to convert solar energy into usable electricity. At present, bulkheterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells, which are based on conjugated ptype polymers and ntype fullerene derivatives, have been intensively investigated in both academia and industry. Organic and metallated conjugated small molecules (SM) represent an intriguing and promising class of materials. Atomicthick 2D nanosheets have attracted tremendous attention recently because of their novel electronic structures and physical properties. This thesis describes the synthesis and characterization of some series of organic and metallated aryleneethynylenes and their applications in BHJ solar cells. To begin with, a brief overview on the background of organic solar cells (OSCs) and twodimensional (2D) nanomaterials was presented in Chapter 1. In Chapter 2, a new series of multichromophoric small molecular systems of ruthenium(II)bis(aryleneethynylene) compounds containing triphenylamine and/or thiophene as the donor and benzothiadiazole as the acceptor were designed and obtained by straightforward synthesis and purification procedures with reasonable yields. These ruthenium complexes absorb strongly in the visible region which are potentially attractive materials for photovoltaic cell applications. The best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.66% was achieved for D1 with the opencircuit voltage (Voc) of 0.51 V, shortcircuit current density (Jsc) of 4.24 mA cm2 and fill factor (FF) of 0.31 under illumination of an AM 1.5 solarcell simulator. Furthermore, in Chapter 3, a new series of small molecular systems of platinumcontaining organometallic conjugated molecules containing different donating groups (such as thiophene, BDT, carbazole, and bithiazole), benzothiadiazole and/or dimesitylborane as the acceptors were successfully designed and obtained. Among all the BHJ devices based on these platinum complexes, PT5based device, which we introduced strong donor group carbazole in the molecule, showed the highest PCE of 1.46% with high Voc of 0.70 V, Jsc of 6.17 mA cm2 and FF of 0.33 at the optimized active layer thickness of 60 nm, which indicates that the photovoltaic performance can be significantly improved by introducing a strong D group in the molecule. Besides, a new series of organic small molecules M1M16 of DAspacerAD structure were successfully designed and obtained. Intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) effect could be observed due to the strong electronwithdrawing units (such as benzothiadiazole, DPP, trizaole and dimesitylborane) and strong electrondonating units (such as triphenylamine, thiophene, BDT, carbazole, and bithiazole), and this effect between the acceptor and donor units causes low bandgap. By introducing strong oligothiophene donor group in the molecule M4, which showed the highest PCE of 3.68% among all the devices with high Voc of 0.95 V, Jsc of 7.76 mA cm2 and FF of 0.44 at the optimized active layer thickness of 75 nm, which also indicates that the photovoltaic performance can be significantly improved by introducing a strong D group in the molecule. In Chapter 5, we designed and synthesized a new series of the “bottomup” metal complex nanosheets: pconjugated bis(dipyrrinato) metal complex nanosheets, including monolayer and multilayer nanosheets. AFM, IR, XPS and SEM analyses have been applied to study the morphologies, chemical state and size or nanostructure of the asprepared nanosheets, and the results indicated that the “bottomup” method is useful for the construction of photoresponsive and semiconductive nanosheets. This work is going to enlarge the futurity of the “bottomup” nanosheet as nextgeneration nanomaterials. Finally, Chapters 6 and 7 present the concluding remarks and the experimental details of the work described in Chapters 25.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:hkbu.edu.hk/oai:repository.hkbu.edu.hk:etd_oa-1063 |
| Date | 11 February 2014 |
| Creators | Liu, Qian |
| Publisher | HKBU Institutional Repository |
| Source Sets | Hong Kong Baptist University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | Open Access Theses and Dissertations |
| Rights | The author retains all rights to this work. The author has signed an agreement granting HKBU a non-exclusive license to archive and distribute their thesis. |
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