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Previous issue date: 2012-02-16 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior- CAPES / Previous studies in Sepetiba Bay, RJ, recorded calves and juveniles of Guiana dolphin through all
seasons. However few is know about the behaviors of parental care for this species. The main
objective of this work was to investigate the behavior of parental care in Sotalia guianensis
population of Sepetiba Bay. The film clips used in this study were recorded in 30 boat trips
conducted in the bay from December 2000 to August 2001. The evaluation of the parental care
degree was conducted using two measures: longitudinal care and transversal care. When the
mother located itself longitudinally ahead of its offspring (longitudinal position 1) or when it was
between the boat and the offspring (transversal position 1) the parental care were registered.
However, there was not care when the mother located itself behind its offspring (longitudinal
position 2) or when the mother left its offspring to be between the boat and it (transversal position
2). The influence of three variables was tested: group size, behavior state of the group (feeding
and traveling) and age class (calve and juvenile). From the total of 39,840 second of observation,
946 mother-calf dyads were recorded, and the results of the analyses of the kinds of care
conducted separately revealed that the longitudinal care was present in 84.7% of the time and the
transversal care in 57.7%. The time spent by the offspring on each longitudinal position (1 and 2)
was statistically different (U=58,033.50; p=0.02), receiving care during the median of 37
seconds. About the transversal care, there was not significant difference in the time that offspring
received care. The group size was statistically different when the mother located itself
longitudinally ahead of its offspring or not (U=151,525.50; p<0.01), the median of group size for
position 1 was 15 individuals, while for position 2 was 12. In relation to the mother position
between the boat or not, there was also significant variation (U=97,074.00; p=0.03), the median
of group size for transversal position 1 was 15 individuals and for position 2 was 14 animals.
Was identified significant influence of the behavior state of the group on longitudinal care, and
that care is intensely performed at feeding (N= 946; H3=17.60; p<0.01). The immatures of
Sepetiba Bay population have benefited from intense parental care, mainly during the feeding
activities and in large groups. The care is similarly offered to calves and juveniles, longitudinally
and transversally, suggesting a parent-offspring conflict of interest. / Estudos anteriores na Ba?a de Sepetiba, RJ, registraram a presen?a de filhotes e juvenis de
botos-cinzas (S. guianensis) durante todas as esta??es do ano, no entanto, pouco ? conhecido
sobre o comportamento de cuidado aos imaturos da esp?cie. Este trabalho objetivou investigar o
comportamento de cuidado parental da popula??o de botos-cinzas na Ba?a de Sepetiba. Foram
utilizados clipes das filmagens gravadas em 30 expedi??es conduzidas na ba?a entre dezembro de
2000 e agosto de 2001. A avalia??o do grau de cuidado parental foi conduzida utilizando duas
medidas: cuidado longitudinal e cuidado transversal. Quando a m?e se posicionava
longitudinalmente ? frente da prole (posi??o longitudinal 1) ou entre o barco e a prole (posi??o
transversal 1) foi registrado o cuidado parental. Entretanto, n?o havia cuidado quando a m?e se
localizava atr?s do imaturo (posi??o longitudinal 2) ou deixando o imaturo entre ela e a
embarca??o (posi??o transversal 2). Foi testada a influ?ncia de tr?s vari?veis no grau de cuidado
parental: tamanho de grupo, estado comportamental do grupo (pesca e deslocamento) e classe
et?ria da prole (filhote e juvenil). De um total 39.840 segundos de observa??o, foram registrados
946 pares de m?e e imaturo, e os resultados das an?lises dos tipos de cuidados conduzidas
separadamente revelaram que o cuidado longitudinal esteve presente em 84,7% do tempo e o
cuidado transversal em 57,7%. O tempo em que a prole esteve em cada posi??o longitudinal (1 e
2) foi estatisticamente diferente (U=58033,50; p=0,02), recendo cuidado da m?e durante a
mediana de 37 segundos. Em rela??o ao cuidado transversal, n?o houve diferen?a significativa no
tempo em que a prole recebia cuidado. O tamanho do grupo foi estatisticamente diferente quando
a m?e se posicionou longitudinalmente ? frente da prole ou n?o (U=151525,50; p<0,01), a
mediana para a posi??o 1 foi de 15 indiv?duos, enquanto na posi??o 2 de 12 indiv?duos. Houve
tamb?m varia??o significativa em rela??o ao posicionamento da m?e entre o barco ou n?o
(U=97074,00; p=0,03), a mediana na posi??o transversal 1 foi de 15 indiv?duos e na posi??o 2 de
14 indiv?duos. Foi encontrada influ?ncia significativa do estado comportamental do grupo apenas
sobre o cuidado longitudinal e tal cuidado ? intensamente realizado na pesca (N= 946; H3=17,60;
p<0,01). Na popula??o da Ba?a de Sepetiba, os imaturos se beneficiam de intenso cuidado
parental, principalmente durante as atividades de pesca e em grupos numerosos. O cuidado ?
investido de maneira similar aos filhotes e juvenis, tanto longitudinal quanto transversalmente,
sugerindo um conflito de interesses entre os pais e a prole.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:localhost:jspui/1701 |
| Date | 16 February 2012 |
| Creators | Correa, N?taly Fernandes |
| Contributors | Sim?o, Sheila Marino, Lodi, Liliane Ferreira, Fernandez, Alexandra Pires |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Biologia Animal, UFRRJ, Brasil, Instituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ, instname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, instacron:UFRRJ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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